C3.1 HL only Flashcards
sessile
attached directly by the base and not raised on a stalk, or permanently attached and not free to move about
cell elongation
the process by which a cell lengthens and changes shape
mitosis
a type of cell division that produces two identical daughter cells from a single parent cell
Positive phototropism
a plant’s growth towards a light source
Qualitative data
non-numeric information that describes characteristics and properties that can’t be quantified
Quantitative data
numerical information that can be measured, counted, or given a numerical value
growth hormone
chemical compounds that regulate plant growth, development, and differentiation
auxin
a plant hormone that regulates cell growth and other plant processes
Phytohormones
chemical messengers that regulate plant growth, development, and other processes
Cytokinin
a class of plant hormones that promote cell division and differentiation, and are essential for plant growth and development
Ethylene
a gaseous plant hormone that regulates many aspects of plant growth and development
Gibberellin
plant hormones that regulate various developmental processes, including stem elongation, germination, dormancy, flowering, flower development, and leaf and fruit senescence
facilitated diffusion
a passive transport process that moves molecules or ions across a cell membrane from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration
active transport
the movement of molecules or ions across a cell membranefrom a region of lower concentration to a region of higher concentration
Auxin efflux carrier proteins
membrane proteins that transport auxin out of plant cells
hydrogen ion (proton) pumps
a membrane protein that moves hydrogen ions (protons) from areas of low concentration to areas of high concentration
apoplast
the space between the plasma membrane and the external surface of a plant cell
expansin
proteins that loosen plant cell walls, allowing cells to expand and grow
large central vacuole
a sac-like organelle in plant cells that stores water, nutrients, and other molecules.It’s often the largest organelle in the cell, and can take up to 90% of its volume.
turgor pressure
the force that pushes the plasma membrane of a cell against its cell wall.It’s also known as hydrostatic pressure.
phloem
a living tissue in vascular plants that transports organic compounds, like sugars and amino acids, throughout the plant
xylem
a vascular tissue in plants that transports water and minerals from the roots to the rest of the plant
Ripening
the process of organ transformation from unripe to the edible ripe stage having attractive blend of color, taste, aroma and texture
ethylene (ethene) gas
a group ofplant growth regulatorswhich are widely used for ripening fruits and for the production of more flowers and fruits
Positive feedback loop
a biological mechanism where a reaction’s product increases the reaction itself
