Body Flashcards
abdomen (noun)
/ˈæbdəmən/
شکم
1- the part of the body below the chest that contains the stomach, bowels, etc.
*Patients reported pain in the lower chest or upper abdomen.
2- the end part of an insect’s body that is attached to its thorax (قفسه سینه)
ankle (noun)
/ˈæŋkl/
(قوزک پا)
- the joint connecting the foot to the leg; the narrow (تنگ، دراز و باریک، کم پهنا، باریک کردن، محدود کردن، کوته فکر) part of the leg just above the ankle joint
*to sprain(پیچ خوردن، رگ به رگ شدن)/break/twist your ankle.
*She suffered a serious ankle injury in training.
*ankle boots (= that cover the ankle)
* We found ourselves ankle-deep in water (= the water came up to our ankles).
* My ankles have swollen(متورم، ورم کرده).
* He will wear an electronic ankle bracelet, which allows police to track him.
antibody (noun)
- a substance that the body produces in the blood to fight disease, or as a reaction when certain substances are put into the body
anus (noun)
/ˈeɪnəs/
(anatomy)
(مقعد)
- the opening in a person’s or animal’s bottom through which solid waste leaves the body
anal (adjective)
/ˈeɪnl/
(مقعدی)
-relating to or located near the anus
*the anal region
*The anal fin( باله) in the bream(a freshwater or sea fish that is used for food) extends almost to the tail(دم).
anvil (noun)
/ˈænvɪl/
- an iron block on which a blacksmith puts hot pieces of metal before shaping them with a hammer
-(anatomy) the second of three small bones in the middle ear that carry sound to the inner ear
= incus
aorta (noun)
/eɪˈɔːrtə/
(anatomy)
(ائورت، شریان بزرگ، شاهرگ)
- the main artery(رشته، شریان، شاهرگ) that carries blood from the heart to the rest of the body once it has passed through the lungs(ریه، شش)
appendix (noun)
/əˈpendɪks/
(زائده ء اپاندیس،پیوست )
1-a small bag of tissue that is attached to the large intestine. In humans, the appendix has no clear function.
*He had to have his appendix out (= removed)
2- a section giving extra information at the end of a book or document
* Full details are given in Appendix 3.
aquiline (adjective)
/ˈækwɪlaɪn/
(formal)
- a person with an aquiline nose or aquiline features has a nose that is thin and curved, similar to the beak (منقار) of an eagle (عقاب)
arm (noun)
1- بازو
2- the part of a piece of clothing that covers the arm
= sleeve
*The arms will need shortening.
3- the part of a chair, etc. on which you rest your arms
*She perched on the arm of his chair.
4- a long narrow(دراز و باریک، کم پهنا، باریک کردن) part of an object or a machine, especially one that moves.
*a robotic arm
5- a long narrow piece of water or land that is joined to a larger area
* A small bridge spans the arm of the river.
6- [usually singular] arm (of something) a section of a large organization that deals with one particular activity
= wing
* the research arm of the company
armpit (noun)
/ˈɑːrmpɪt/
- the part of the body under the arm where it joins the shoulder
چاله زیر بغل
[Idioms]
the armpit of something
(especially North American English, informal) the most unpleasant or ugly place in a country or region
*The city has been called the armpit of America.
artery (noun)
/ˈɑːrtəri/
(plural arteries)
(رشته، شریان، شاهرگ، سرخرگ)
1- any of the tubes that carry blood from the heart to other parts of the body
*blocked arteries (عروق مسدود شده)
2- a large and important road, river, railway line, etc.
auricle (noun)
/ˈɔːrɪkl/
(anatomy)
(لاله گوش، دهلیز قلب)
1- either of the two upper spaces in the heart used to send blood around the body
= atrium( ان قسمت از دهلیز قلب که خون سیاهرگی به ان می ریزد)
2-the outer part of the ear
baby tooth (noun)
/ˈbeɪbi tuːθ/
(British English also milk tooth)
any of the first set of teeth in young children that drop out and are replaced by others
backbone (noun)
/ˈbækbəʊn/
1- [countable] the row of small bones that are connected together down the middle of the back
= spine (ستون فقرات)
2- [singular] the most important part of a system, an organization, etc. that gives it support and strength
*Agriculture (کشاورزی)forms the backbone of the rural economy.
3- [uncountable] the strength of character that you need to do something difficult
*He doesn’t have the backbone to face the truth.
backside (noun)
/ˈbæksaɪd/
(informal)
- the part of the body that you sit on
= behind, bottom
*Get up off your backside and do some work!
beady (adjective)
/ˈbiːdi/
- (of eyes) small, round and bright; watching everything closely or because you suspect that something wrong, illegal or dishonest is involved in a situation
*(British English) I shall certainly keep a beady eye on his behavior.
*I could just see the bird’s open beak (منقار) and small beady eyes.
چشمان ریز براق
belly (noun)
/ˈbeli/
(plural bellies)
1- the part of the body below the chest
= stomach, gut
2- (literary) the round or curved part of an object
*the belly of a ship
3- -bellied
(in adjectives)
having the type of belly mentioned
*swollen-bellied
*round-bellied
belly button (noun)
/ˈbeli bʌtn/
(also tummy button)
(informal)
the navel(ناف، . میان، وسط) (= the small round part in the middle of the stomach, on the front of somebody’s body, where the umbilical cord(بند ناف) was cut at birth)
bile (noun)
/baɪl/
[uncountable]
(زرداب، صفرا)
1- the green-brown liquid with a bitter unpleasant taste that is produced by the liver to help the body to deal with the fats we eat, and that can come into your mouth when you vomit(استفراغ کردن، برگرداندن) with an empty stomach.
2- (formal) a strong feeling of anger or hating somebody/something
*The critic’s review of the play was just a paragraph of bile.
bladder (noun)
/ˈblædər/
(مثانه)
1- an organ that has the shape of a bag in which liquid waste (= urine(پیشاب، ادرار)) collects before it is passed out of the body
* He died of bladder cancer.
2-a bag made of rubber(لاستیک), leather, etc. that can be filled with air or liquid, such as the one inside a football
bleary (adjective)
/ˈblɪri/
(دارای چشمان قی گرفته وخواب الود، تیره وتار)
- (of eyes) not able to see clearly, especially because you are tired
* She had bleary red eyes from lack of sleep.
bloodshot (adjective)
/ˈblʌdʃɑːt/
(قرمز، سرخ وورم کرده، خون گرفته، برافروخته)
-(of eyes) with the part that is usually white full of red lines because of lack of sleep, etc.
bloodstream (noun)
/ˈblʌdstriːm/
[singular]
(رگ گردش خون)
-the blood flowing through the body
*They injected the drug directly into her bloodstream.
blood vessel (noun)
/ˈblʌd vesl/
-any of the tubes through which blood flows through the body
*broken blood vessels
*The knife had missed the major blood vessels.
* blood vessels supplying(منبع، ذخیره) nutrition(تغذیه, تقویت، قوت گیری) to the skin.(رگ های خونی تغذیه کننده پوست)
bone marrow (noun)
/ˈbəʊn mærəʊ/
(also marrow)
[uncountable]
(مغز استخوان)
- a soft substance that fills the hollow parts of bones
*a bone marrow transplant(پیوند زدن)
bosom (noun)
/ˈbʊzəm/
1- [countable] a woman’s chest or breasts
*her ample(پهناور، وسیع، فراوان) bosom.
2- [countable] the part of a piece of clothing that covers a woman’s bosom
* a rose pinned to her bosom
3- the bosom of something [singular] a situation in which you are with people who love and protect you
* to live in the bosom of your family(تا در آغوش خانواده زندگی کنی)
bowel (noun)
/ˈbaʊəl/
(روده، شکم، اندرون)
1- [countable, usually plural] the tube along which food passes after it has been through the stomach, especially the end where waste is collected before it is passed out of the body
*(medical) to empty/move/open your bowels (= to pass solid waste out of the body)
2- the bowels of something [plural] (literary) the part that is deepest inside something
* A rumble(غریدن، چیز پر سر و صدا، شکایت، غرولند) came from the bowels of the earth (= deep underground).
brace (noun)
/breɪs/
1- [countable] a device that holds things together or holds and supports them in position
*a neck brace (= worn to support the neck after an injury)
2- [countable] (North American English braces [plural])
a metal device that people, especially children, wear inside the mouth to help their teeth grow straight
*My daughter has to wear a brace on her teeth.
3- [plural] long narrow pieces of cloth, leather, etc. for holding trousers up. They are fastened to the top of the trousers at the front and back and passed over the shoulders.
*a pair of braces
4- [countable, usually plural] a metal support for weak or injured legs
5- [countable] either of the two marks, { }, used to show that the words, etc. between them are connected
6- a pair of birds or animals that have been killed in hunting
* two brace of partridge(s)( کبک)
*He scored a brace of goals.
breast (noun)
/brest/
(سینه,آغوش، افکار، وجدان، نوک پستان، هرچیزی شبیه پستان)
1- [countable] either of the two round soft parts at the front of a woman’s body that produce milk when she has had a baby
*She put the baby to her breast.
*breast cancer
2- [countable] the similar, smaller part on a man’s body, which does not produce milk
3-[countable] (literary) the top part of the front of your body, below your neck
= chest
*He cradled(گهواره شده) the child against his breast.
4- [countable] the part of a piece of clothing that covers your chest
* A row of medals was pinned to the breast of his coat.
5- [countable] the front part of a bird’s body
* breast feathers
6- [countable, uncountable] meat from the front part of the body of a bird or an animal
* chicken/turkey breasts
7- (in adjectives)
having the type of chest or breasts mentioned
*a small-breasted/full-breasted woman
8- [countable] (literary) the part of the body where the feelings and emotions are thought to be
*a troubled(نگران، پردردسر) breast
breathe (Verb)
breath (noun)
brow (noun)
/braʊ/
1- (literary) the part of the face above the eyes and below the hair
= forehead (پیشانی)
*The nurse mopped(پاک کردن) his fevered brow.
2- [usually plural]
(also eyebrow)
the line of hair above the eye
*One dark brow rose in surprise.
3- [usually singular] the top part of a hill
*The path disappeared(ناپدید شدن، غایب شدن، پیدا نبودن) over the brow of the hill.
[Idioms]
knit (گره زدن، بستن) your brow(s)
to move your eyebrows together, to show that you are thinking hard, feeling angry, etc.
= frown (اخم کردن، روی درهم کشیدن، اخم)
*His brows were knitted in a permanent frown.
eyelash (noun)
/ˈaɪlæʃ/
(also lash)
[usually plural]
-one of the hairs growing on the edge of the eyelids(پلک چشم)
*false eyelashes
eyelid noun
/ˈaɪlɪd/
(also lid)
(پلک چشم)
- either of the pieces of skin above and below the eye that cover it when you blink or close the eye
*She lifted one eyelid to see what he was doing.
bum (noun)
/bʌm/
(informal)
1- (British English) the part of the body that you sit on
They’ve been sitting on their bums all day, doing nothing.
= backside, behind, bottom
2- (especially North American English) a person who has no home or job and who asks other people for money or food
*a beach bum (= somebody who spends all their time on the beach, without having a job)
3- a lazy person who does nothing for other people or for society
*He’s nothing but a no-good bum!
bust (noun)
/bʌst/
(مجسمه نیم تنه، بالاتنه، سینه، انفجار، ترکیدگی، ترکیدن )
1- a stone or metal model of a person’s head, shoulders and chest
* a marble(سنگ مرمر) bust of Napoleon
2- (used especially when talking about clothes or measurements) a woman’s breasts or the measurement around the breasts and back
* What is your bust measurement, Madam?
3- a period of economic difficulty in which people and businesses struggle to survive
* Will it be boom(جهش اقتصادی، رونق شدید، ) or bust for the property market?
4- (informal) an unexpected visit made by the police in order to arrest people for doing something illegal
*a drug bust
5- North American English) a thing that is not good
* As a show it was a bust.
crown (noun)
/kraʊn/
1- [countable] an object in the shape of a circle, usually made of gold and precious(ارزشمند) stones, that a king or queen wears on his or her head on official occasions
* The crown was placed upon the new monarch’s head.
2- the Crown [singular] the government of a country, thought of as being represented by a king or queen
* land owned by the Crown
3- the crown [singular] the position or power of a king or queen
*She refused (رد کردن) the crown (= refused to become queen).
4- [countable] a circle of flowers, leaves, etc. that is worn on somebody’s head, sometimes as a sign of victory
5- [countable, usually singular] (informal) the position of winning a sports competition
* She is determined to retain her Wimbledon crown.
6- usually the crown) [singular] the top part of the head or a hat
*There were raindrops on his bald crown.
7-(usually the crown) [singular] the highest part of something
the crown of a hill
8-
crotch (noun)
/krɑːtʃ/
(also crutch)
1- the part of the body where the legs join at the top, including the area around the genitals
2-the part of a pair of trousers, etc. that covers the crotch
*There’s a hole in the crotch.
cross-eyed adjective
/ˌkrɒs ˈaɪd/
cranium noun
/ˈkreɪniəm/
the bone structure that forms the head and surrounds and protects the brain
= skull
