blood and circulatory system

Question 1

what is systemic circulation

Answer 1

oxygenated blood to the body away firm the heart via aorta
after giving o2 deoxygenated blood returns to the heart via veins

Question 2

what is pulmonary circulation

Answer 2

deoxygenated blood from right atrium to lungs to re oxygenate it
oxygenated blood return to heart via pulmonary vein

Question 3

structure of artery

Answer 3

narrow lumen
elasticated walls

Question 4

function of artery

Answer 4

cope with blood under high pressure
allows vasoconstriction
maintain pressure of blood

Question 5

structure of vein

Answer 5

wide lumen
valves

Question 6

function of vein

Answer 6

prevent back flow of blood
low resistance to blood flow

Question 7

structure of capillary

Answer 7

narrow
one cell thick
thin

Question 8

function of capillary

Answer 8

gaseous exchange

Question 9

structure of arterioles

Answer 9

elasticated walls
thinner walls

Question 10

function of arterioles

Answer 10

regulate blood pressure
lead to capillaries

Question 11

structure of venules

Answer 11

valves
wide lumen

Question 12

function of venules

Answer 12

connect capillaries to vein
prevent back flow of blood

Question 13

what is the venous return mechanism

Answer 13

process by which blood returns to right side of the heart

Question 14

things that help venous return

Answer 14

gravity
skeletal muscle pump
respiratory pump
pocket valves
venomotor control
pressure gradient

Question 15

how does gravity help venous return

Answer 15

assists with flow of blood above the heart

Question 16

how’s does skeletal muscle pump help venous return

Answer 16

contracting veins force blood forwards towards the heart

Question 17

how does respiratory pump help venous return

Answer 17

changes in pressure during inspiration and expiration

Question 18

how do pocket valves help venous returns

Answer 18

direction back to the heart

Question 19

how does venomotor control help venous return

Answer 19

limited capacity of veins to change shape

Question 20

how does pressure gradient help venous return

Answer 20

exists between venous pressure and right atrial pressure aids the process of blood returning to the heart

Question 21

how is blood flow controlled

Answer 21

change in blood vessel’s diameter

Question 22

what is the vasometer centre

Answer 22

in the medulla oblongata
controls blood pressure/flow

Question 23

what happens if cardiac output increases

Answer 23

baroceptosr and chemoreceptors are stimulated

Question 24

what is vasomotor control

Answer 24

ability of arteries and arterioles to change their shape

Question 25

how does the heart fill with blood

Answer 25

blood fills the atria while the atrioventricular valves are shut
atrial blood pressure exceeds ventricular pressure resulting the av VALVES TO OPEN
blood flows to ventricles
the atria contract and then so do the ventricles
ventricular pressure rises, opening the semilunar valves
blood flows to the aorta and pulmonary veins