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Anatomy > Anatomy_Key Terms_Ch1 > Flashcards

Anatomy_Key Terms_Ch1 Flashcards

1
Q

anatomy

A

study of the structure of the human body

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2
Q

morphology

A

the science of form

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3
Q

physiology

A

study of body function

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4
Q

gross anatomy

A

the study of body structures that can be examined by the naked eye

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5
Q

dissection

A

cut apart

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6
Q

regional anatomy

A

all structures in a single body region are examined as a group

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7
Q

systemic anatomy

A

all the organs with related functions are studied together

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8
Q

surface anatomy

A

the study of shapes and markings (called landmarks) on the surface of the body that reveal the underlying organs

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9
Q

microscopic anatomy

A

the study of structures that are so small they can be seen only with a microscope

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10
Q

histology

A

tissue study, or microscopic anatomy

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11
Q

developmental anatomy

A

traces the structural changes that occur in the body throughout the life span and the effects of aging

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12
Q

embryology

A

study of how body structures form and develop before birth

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13
Q

pathological anatomy

A

structural changes in cells, tissues, and organs caused by disease

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14
Q

radiographic anatomy

A

the study of internal body structures by means of X-ray studies and other imaging techniques

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15
Q

functional morphology

A

explores the functional properties of body structures and assesses the efficiency of their design

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16
Q

tissue

A

group of cells and extracellular material that work together to perform a common function

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17
Q

organ

A

discrete structure made up of more than one tissue

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18
Q

organ system

A

organs that work closely together to accomplish a common purpose

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19
Q

organismal level

A

the result of all of the simpler levels working in unison to sustain life

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20
Q

anatomical position

A

A person stands erect with feet flat on the ground, toes pointing forward, and eyes facing forward. The palms face anteriorly with the thumbs pointed away from the body.

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21
Q

regional terms

A

names of specific body areas

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22
Q

axial region

A

consists of the head, neck, and trunk. The trunk is divided into the thorax (chest), abdomen, and pelvis; trunk includes the region around the anus and external genitals, called the perineum.

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23
Q

appendicular region

A

consists of the limbs, which are also called appendages or extremities

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24
Q

opposites: superior

A

opposites: inferior

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25
Q

opposites: anterior (ventral)

A

opposites: posterior (dorsal)

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26
Q

opposites: medial

A

opposites: lateral

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27
Q

opposites: superficial

A

opposites: deep

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28
Q

sagittal plane

A

extends vertically and divides the body into left and right parts

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29
Q

median plane

A

sagittal plane that lies exactly in the midline, or midsaggittal plane

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30
Q

parasaggittal plane

A

sagittal plane offset from the midline

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31
Q

frontal (coronal plane)

A

extends vertically and divides the body into anterior and posterior parts

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32
Q

transverse (horizontal) plane

A

runs horizontally from right to left, dividing the body into superior and inferior parts, also called a cross section

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33
Q

oblique sections

A

cuts made along any plane that lies diagonally between the horizontal and the vertical

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34
Q

X-axis cut

A

transverse plane

35
Q

Y-axis cut

A

frontal (coronal) plane

36
Q

Z-axis cut

A

median (midsaggittal) plane

37
Q

ventral

A

”"”belly”” of a vertebrate animal; anterior in humans, inferior of four-legged animals”

38
Q

dorsal

A

“refers to an animal’s back; posterior in humans, superior in four-legged animals”

39
Q

viscera

A

or visceral organs; organs contained in the ventral body cavity

40
Q

acidic stains

A

negatively charged molecules stain the positively charged structures of the cell or tissue

41
Q

basic stains

A

positively charged dyes bind to and stain negatively charged structures

42
Q

artifacts

A

minor distortions introduced by preparing tissue for microscopy

43
Q

study of the structure of the human body

A

anatomy

44
Q

the science of form

A

morphology

45
Q

study of body function

A

physiology

46
Q

the study of body structures that can be examined by the naked eye

A

gross anatomy

47
Q

cut apart

A

dissection

48
Q

all structures in a single body region are examined as a group

A

regional anatomy

49
Q

all the organs with related functions are studied together

A

systemic anatomy

50
Q

the study of shapes and markings (called landmarks) on the surface of the body that reveal the underlying organs

A

surface anatomy

51
Q

the study of structures that are so small they can be seen only with a microscope

A

microscopic anatomy

52
Q

tissue study, or microscopic anatomy

A

histology

53
Q

traces the structural changes that occur in the body throughout the life span and the effects of aging

A

developmental anatomy

54
Q

study of how body structures form and develop before birth

A

embryology

55
Q

structural changes in cells, tissues, and organs caused by disease

A

pathological anatomy

56
Q

the study of internal body structures by means of X-ray studies and other imaging techniques

A

radiographic anatomy

57
Q

explores the functional properties of body structures and assesses the efficiency of their design

A

functional morphology

58
Q

group of cells and extracellular material that work together to perform a common function

A

tissue

59
Q

discrete structure made up of more than one tissue

A

organ

60
Q

organs that work closely together to accomplish a common purpose

A

organ system

61
Q

the result of all of the simpler levels working in unison to sustain life

A

organismal level

62
Q

A person stands erect with feet flat on the ground, toes pointing forward, and eyes facing forward. The palms face anteriorly with the thumbs pointed away from the body.

A

anatomical position

63
Q

names of specific body areas

A

regional terms

64
Q

consists of the head, neck, and trunk. The trunk is divided into the thorax (chest), abdomen, and pelvis; trunk includes the region around the anus and external genitals, called the perineum.

A

axial region

65
Q

consists of the limbs, which are also called appendages or extremities

A

appendicular region

66
Q

opposites: inferior

A

opposites: superior

67
Q

opposites: posterior (dorsal)

A

opposites: anterior (ventral)

68
Q

opposites: lateral

A

opposites: medial

69
Q

opposites: deep

A

opposites: superficial

70
Q

extends vertically and divides the body into left and right parts

A

sagittal plane

71
Q

sagittal plane that lies exactly in the midline, or midsaggittal plane

A

median plane

72
Q

sagittal plane offset from the midline

A

parasaggittal plane

73
Q

extends vertically and divides the body into anterior and posterior parts

A

frontal (coronal plane)

74
Q

runs horizontally from right to left, dividing the body into superior and inferior parts, also called a cross section

A

transverse (horizontal) plane

75
Q

cuts made along any plane that lies diagonally between the horizontal and the vertical

A

oblique sections

76
Q

transverse plane

A

X-axis cut

77
Q

frontal (coronal) plane

A

Y-axis cut

78
Q

median (midsaggittal) plane

A

Z-axis cut

79
Q

”"”belly”” of a vertebrate animal; anterior in humans, inferior of four-legged animals”

A

ventral

80
Q

“refers to an animal’s back; posterior in humans, superior in four-legged animals”

A

dorsal

81
Q

or visceral organs; organs contained in the ventral body cavity

A

viscera

82
Q

negatively charged molecules stain the positively charged structures of the cell or tissue

A

acidic stains

83
Q

positively charged dyes bind to and stain negatively charged structures

A

basic stains

84
Q

minor distortions introduced by preparing tissue for microscopy

A

artifacts

Anatomy (42 decks)

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