Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Anatomy > Anatomy_ Muscle Tables_3 > Flashcards

Anatomy_ Muscle Tables_3 Flashcards

1
Q

adductor brevis: origin (O) and insertion (I)

A

O–body and inferior ramus of pubis<br></br>I–linea aspera above adductor longus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

adductor magnus: origin (O) and insertion (I)

A

O–ischial and pubic rami and ischial tuberosity<br></br>I–linea aspera, medial supracondylar line, and adductor tubercle of femur

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

gluteus maximus: origin (O) and insertion (I)

A

O–dorsal ilium, sacrum, and coccyx<br></br>I–gluteal tuberosity of femur; iliotibial tract

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

gluteus medius: origin (O) and insertion (I)

A

O–between anterior and posterior gluteal lines on lateral surface of ilium<br></br>I–by short tendon into lateral aspect of greater trochanter of femur

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

gluteus minimus: origin (O) and insertion (I)

A

O–between anterior and inferior gluteal lines on external surface of ilium<br></br>I–anterior border of greater trochanter of femur

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

biceps femoris: origin (O) and insertion (I)

A

O–ischial tuberosity (longe head); linea aspera, lateral supracondylar line, and distal femur (short head)<br></br>I–common tendon passes downward and latterally (forming lateral border of popliteal fossa) to insert into head of fibula and lateral condyle of tibia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

semitendinosus: origin (O) and insertion (I)

A

O–ischial tuberosity<br></br>I–medial aspect of upper tibial shaft

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

semimembranosus: origin (O) and insertion (I)

A

O–ischial tuberosity<br></br>I–medial condyle of tibia; through oblique ligament of knee to lateral condyle of femur

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

piriformis: origin (O) and insertion (I)

A

O–anterolateral surface of sacrum (opposite greater sciatic notch)<br></br>I–superior border of greater trochanter of femur

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

obturator externus: origin (O) and insertion (I)

A

O–outer surface of obturator membrane, external surface of pubis and ischium, and margins of obturator foramen<br></br>I–by a tendon into trochanteric fossa of posterior femur

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

obturator internus: origin (O) and insertion (I)

A

O–inner surface of obturator membrane, greater sciatic notch, and margins of obturator foramen<br></br>I–greater trochanter in front of piriformis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

gemellus: origin (O) and insertion (I)

A

O–ischial spine (superior); ischial tuberosity (inferior)<br></br>I–greater trochanter of femur

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

quadratus femoris: origin (O) and insertion (I)

A

O–ischial tuberosity<br></br>I–intertrochanteric crest of femur

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

tibialis anterior: origin (O) and insertion (I)

A

O–lateral condyle and upper two-thirds of tibial shaft; interosseous membrane<br></br>I–by tendon into inferior surface of medial cuneiform and first metatarsal bone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

extensor digitorum longus: origin (O) and insertion (I)

A

O–lateral condyle of tibia; proximal three-fourths of fibula; interosseous membrane<br></br>I–middle and distal phalanges of toes II-V via extensor expansion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

fibularis (peroneus) tertius: origin (O) and insertion (I)

A

O–distal anterior surface of fibula and interosseous membrane<br></br>I–tendon inserts on dorsum of fifth metatarsal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

extensor hallucis longus: origin (O) and insertion (I)

A

O–anteriomedial fibula shaft and interosseous membrane<br></br>I–tendon inserts on distal phalanx of great toe

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

fibularis (peroneus) longus: origin (O) and insertion (I)

A

O–head and upper portion of lateral side of fibula<br></br>I–by long tendon that curves under foot to first metatarsal and medial cuneiform

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

fibularis (peroneus) brevis: origin (O) and insertion (I)

A

O–distal fibula shaft<br></br>I–by tendon running behind lateral malleolus to insert on proximal end of fifth metatarsal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

gastrocnemius: origin (O) and insertion (I)

A

O–by two heads from medial and lateral condyles of femur<br></br>I–posterior calcaneus via calcaneal tendon

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

soleus: origin (O) and insertion (I)

A

O–extensive cone-shaped origin from superior tibia, fibula, and interosseous membrane<br></br>I–as for gastrocnemius (posterior calcaneus via calcaneal tendon)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

plantaris: origin (O) and insertion (I)

A

O–posterior femur above lateral condyle<br></br>I–via a long, thin tendon into calcaneous or calcaneal tendon

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

popliteus: origin (O) and insertion (I)

A

O–lateral condyle of femur and lateral meniscus of knee<br></br>I–proximal tibia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

flexor digitorum longus: origin (O) and insertion (I)

A

O–extensive origin on the posterior tibia<br></br>I–tendon runs behind medial malleolus and splits to insert into distal phalanges of toes II-V

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

flexor hallucis longus: origin (O) and insertion (I)

A

O–middle part of shaft of fibula; interosseous membrane<br></br>I–tendon runs under foot to distal phalanx of great toe

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

tibialis posterior: origin (O) and insertion (I)

A

O–superior tibia and fibula and interosseous membrane<br></br>I–tendon passes behind medial malleolus and under arch of foot; inserts into several tarsals and metatarsals II-IV

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

extensor digitorum brevis: origin (O) and insertion (I)

A

O–anterior part of calcaneus bone; extensor retinaculum<br></br>I–base of proximal phalanx of big toe; extensor expansions on toes II-IV

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

flexor digitorum brevis: origin (O) and insertion (I)

A

O–calcaneal tuberosity<br></br>I–middle phalanx of toes II-IV

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

abductor hallucis: origin (O) and insertion (I)

A

O–calcaneal tuberosity and flexor retinaculum<br></br>I–proximal phalanx of great toe, medial side, through a tendon shared with flexor hallucis brevis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

flexor accessorius (quadratus plantae): origin (O) and insertion (I)

A

O–medial and lateral sides of calcaneus<br></br>I–tendon of flexor digitorum longus in midsole

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

flexor hallucis brevis: origin (O) and insertion (I)

A

O–lateral cuneiform and cuboid bones<br></br>I–via two tendons onto both sides of the base of the proximal phalanx of great toe; each tendon has a sesamoid bone in it

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

adductor hallucis: origin (O) and insertion (I)

A

O–from bases of metatarsals II-IV and from sheath of fibularis longus tedon (oblique head); from a ligament across metatarsophalangeal joints (transverse head)<br></br>I–base of proximal phalanx of great toe, lateral side

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

plantar and dorsal interossei: origin (O) and insertion (I)

A

see palmar and dorsal interossei:<br></br>O–O–the side of each metacarpal that faces the midaxis of the foot (metatarsal III); but absent from metatarsal III<br></br>I–extensor expansion on first phalanx of each toe (except toe III), on side facing midaxis of foot<br></br>O–sides of metatarsals<br></br>I–extensor expansion over first phalanx of toes II-IV on side opposide midaxis of foot (toe III), but on both sides of toe III

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

frontal belly: action

A

with aponeurosis fixed, elevates the eyebrows (as in surprise); wrinkles forehead skin horizontally

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

occipital belly: action

A

fixes aponeurosis and pulls scalp posteriorly

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

corrugator supercilli: action

A

draws eyebrows medially and inferiorly; wrinkles skin of forehead vertically

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

orbicularios oculi: action

A

closes eye; produces blinking, squinting, and draws eyebrows inferiorly

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

zygomaticus: action

A

raises lateral corners of mouth (smiling muscle)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

orbicularis oris: action

A

closes lips; purses and protrudes lips; kissing and whistling muscle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

mentalis: action

A

wrinkles chin; protrudes lower lip

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

platysma: action

A

tenses skin of neck (eg., during shaving); helps depress mandible; pulls lower lip back and down

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q

risorius: action

A

draws corner of lip laterally; tenses lips; synergist of zigomaticus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
43
Q

levator labii superioris: action

A

opens libs; elevates and furrows the upper lip

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
44
Q

depressor labii inferioris: action

A

depresses lower lip (as in a pout)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
45
Q

depressor anguli oris: action

A

draws corners of mouth inferiorly and laterally (as in a frown); zygomaticus antagonist

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
46
Q

buccinator: action

A

compresses cheek (as in whistling and sucking); draws corner of mouth laterally: holds food between teeth during chewing; well developed in nursing infants

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
47
Q

masseter: action

A

closes jaw; elevates mandible

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
48
Q

temporalis: action

A

closes jaw; elevates and retracts mandible; maintains position of the mandible at rest; deep anterior part may help protract mandible

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
49
Q

medial pterygoid: action

A

acts with lateral pterygoid muscle to protract mandible and to produce side-to-side (grinding) movements; synergist of temporalist and masseter muscles in elevation of the mandible

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
50
Q

lateral pterygoid: action

A

protracts mandible and produces side-to-side grinding movements of the lower teeth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
51
Q

genioglossus: action

A

protracts tongue; can depress or, in cerent with other extrinsic muscles, retract tongue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
52
Q

hyoglossus: action

A

depresses tongue and draws its sides inferiorly

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
53
Q

styloglossus: action

A

retracts and elevates tongue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
54
Q

digastric: action

A

open moth and depress mandible; acting together, the digastric muscles elevate hyoid bone and steady it during swallowing and speech

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
55
Q

stylohyoid: action

A

elevates and retracts hyoid, thereby elongating floor of mouth during swallowing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
56
Q

mylohyoid: action

A

elevates hyid bone and floor of mouth, enabling tongue to exert backward and upward pressure that forces food bolus into pharynx

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
57
Q

geniohyoid: action

A

elevates and protracts the hyoid, shortening floor of mouth and widening pharynx for receiving food during swallowing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
58
Q

sternohyoid: action

A

depresses larynx and hyoid bone if mandible is fixed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
59
Q

sternothyroid: action

A

depresses larynx and hyoid bone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
60
Q

omohyoid: action

A

depresses and retracts hyoid bone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
61
Q

thyrohyoid: action

A

depresses hyoid bone or elevates larynx if hyoid is fixed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
62
Q

sternocleidomastoid: action

A

flexes and laterally rotates the head; simultaneous contraction of both muscles causes neck flexion; acting alone, each muscle rotates head toward shoulder on opposite side and tilts or laterally flexes head to its own side

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
63
Q

scalenes: action

A

elevate first two ribs (aid in inspiration); flex and rotate neck

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
64
Q

splenius: action

A

extend the head; when splenius muscles on one side are activated, head is rotated and bent laterally toward same side

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
65
Q

iliocostalis: action

A

extend and laterally flex the vertebral column, maintain erect posture; acting on one side, bend vertebral column to same side

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
66
Q

longissimus: action

A

thtoracis and cervicis act to extend and laterally flex vertebral column; acting on one side causes lateral flexion; capitis extends and rotates the head toward same side

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
67
Q

spinalis: action

A

extends vertebral column

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
68
Q

semispinalis: action

A

extends vertebral column and head and rotates them to opposite side; acts synergistically with sternocleidomastoid muscle of opposite side

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
69
Q

quadratus lumborum: action

A

flexes vertebral column laterally when acting separately; when pair acts jointly, lumbar spine is extended, and 12th rib is fixed; maintains upright posture; assists in forced inspiration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
70
Q

external intercostals: action

A

with first ribs fixed by scalene muscles, the external intercostals pull ribs toward one another to elevate rib cage; aid in inspiration; synergists of diaphragm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
71
Q

internal intercostals: action

A

with 12th ribs fixed by quadratus lumborum, muscles of posterior abdominal wall, and oblique muscles of the abdominal wall, the internal intercostals draw ribs together and depress rib cage; aid in forced expiration; antagonistic to external intercostals

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
72
Q

diphragm: action

A

prime mover of inspiration; flattens on contraction increasing vertical dimensions of thorax; when strongly contracted, dramatically increases intra-abdominal pressure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
73
Q

external oblique: action

A

flex vertebral column and compress abdominal wall when pair contracts simultaneously; acting individually, aid muscles of back in trunk rotation and lateral flexion; used in oblique curls

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
74
Q

internal oblique: action

A

as for external oblique: flex vertebral column and compress abdominal wall when pair contracts simultaneously; acting individually, aid muscles of back in trunk rotation and lateral flexion; used in oblique curls

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
75
Q

transversus abdominis: action

A

compresses abdominal contents

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
76
Q

rectus abdominis: action

A

flex and rotate lumbar region of vertebral column; fix and depress ribs, stabilize pelvis during walking, increase intra-abdominal pressure; used in sit-ups/curls

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
77
Q

levator ani: action

A

supports and maintains position of pelvic organs; resists downward throusts that accompany rises in intrapelvic pressure during coughing, vomiting, and expulsive efforts of abdominal muscles; forms sphincters at anorectal junction and vagina; lifts anal canal during defecation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
78
Q

coccygeus: action

A

supports pelvic organs; supports coccyx and pulls it forward after it has been reflected posteriorly by defecation and childbirth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
79
Q

deep transverse perineal muscle: action

A

supports pelvic organs; steadies the perineal body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
80
Q

external urethral sphincter: action

A

constricts urethra; allows voluntary inhibition of urination; helps support pelvic organs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
81
Q

ischocaveronsus: action

A

retards venous drainage and maintains erection of penis or clitoris

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
82
Q

bulbospongiosus: action

A

empties male urethra; assists in erection of penis and clitoris

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
83
Q

superficial transverse perineal muscle: action

A

stabilizes and strengthens the perineal body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
84
Q

pectoralis minor: action

A

with ribs fixed, protracts and rotates scapula downward; with scapula fixed, draws rib cage superiorly

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
85
Q

surratus anterior: action

A

“rotates scapula upward; prime mover to protract and hold scapula against chest wall; important role in abduction and raising of arm and in horizontal arm movements (pushing, punching); called ““boxer’s muscle”””

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
86
Q

subclavius: action

A

helps stabilize and depress pectoral girdle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
87
Q

trapezius: action

A

stabilizes, elevates, retracts, and rotates scapula; middle fibers retract (adduct) scapula; superior fibers elevate scapula (as in shrugging shoulders) or can help extend head when scapula is fixed; inferior fibers depress scapula (and shoulder)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
88
Q

levator scapulae: action

A

elevates and adducts scapula in synergy with superior fibers of trapezius; rotate scapulae downward; when scapula is fixed, flexes neck to same side

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
89
Q

rhomboids: action

A

“stabilize scapula; act together (and with middle trapezius fibers) to retract scapula, thus ““squaring shoulders””; rotate scapulae downward (as when arm is lowered against resistance; e.g., paddling a canoe)”

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
90
Q

pectoralis major: action

A

prime mover of arm flexion; rotates arm medially; adducts arm against resistance; with scapula (and arm) fixed, pulls rib cage upward, and thus can help in climbing, throwing, pushing, and in forced inspiration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
91
Q

deltoid: action

A

prime mover of arm abduction when all its fibers contract simultaneously; antagonist of pectoralis major and latissimus dorsi, which adduct the arm; if only anterior fibers are active, can act powerfully in flexion and medial rotation of arm, and is therefore synergist of pectoralis major; if only posterior fibers are active, causes extension and lateral rotation of arm; active during rhythmic arm swinging movements during walking

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
92
Q

latissimus dorsi: action

A

prime mover of arm extension; adduction and medial rotation of arm; it plays an important role in bringing the arm down in a power stroke, as in striking a blow, hammering, and swimming; with arms reaching overhead, it pulls the rest of the ody upward and forward, as in chin-ups

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
93
Q

teres major: action

A

extends, medially rotates, and adducts the arm; synergist of latissimus dorsi

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
94
Q

subscapularis: action

A

medically rotates arm; assisted by pectoralis major; hepls to hold head of humerus in glenoid cavity, stabilizing shoulder joint

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
95
Q

supraspinatus: action

A

initiates abduction of arm; stabilizes shoulder joint; helps to prevent downward dislocation of humerus, as when carrying a heavy suitcase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
96
Q

infraspinatus: action

A

laterally rotates arm; helps to hold head of humerus in glenoid cavity, stabilizing the shoulder joint

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
97
Q

teres minor: action

A

same actions as infraspinatus muscle: laterally rotates arm; helps to hold head of humerus in glenoid cavity, stabilizing the shoulder joint)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
98
Q

coracobrachialis: action

A

flexion and adduction of arm; synergist of pectoralis major

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
99
Q

triceps brachii: action

A

powerful forearm extensor (prime mover, particularly medial head); antagonist of forearm flexors; long and lateral heads mainly active in extension against resistance; long head tendon may help stabilize shoulder joint and assist in arm adduction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
100
Q

anconeus: action

A

abducts ulna during forearm pronation; synergist of triceps brachii in elbow extension

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
101
Q

brachioradialis: action

A

synergist in forearm flexion; acts to best advantage when forearm is partially flexed and semipronated, as when carrying luggage; stabilizes the elbow during rapid flexion and extension

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
102
Q

biceps brachii: action

A

flexes and supinates forearm; these actions usually occur at some time (e.g., when you open a bottle of wine it turns the corkscrew and pulls the cork); weak flexor of arm at shoulder

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
103
Q

brachialis: action

A

flexes forearm (lifts ulna as biceps lifts the radius)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
104
Q

pronator teres: action

A

pronates forearm; weak flexor of forearm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
105
Q

flexor carpi radialis: action

A

powerful flexor of hand; abducts hand; weak synergist of forearm flexion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
106
Q

palmaris longus: action

A

tenses skin and fascia of falm during hand movements; weak hand flexor; weak synergist for forearm flexion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
107
Q

flexor carpi ulnaris: action

A

flexes and adducts hand with extensor carpi ulnaris (posterior muscle); stabilizes wrist during finger extension

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
108
Q

flexor digitorum superficialis: action

A

flexes hand and middle phalanges of fingersII-V; the important finger flexor when speed and flexion against resistance ar required

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
109
Q

flexor pollicis longus: action

A

flexes distal phalanx of thumb

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
110
Q

flexor digitorum profundus: action

A

flexes distal interphalangeal joints; slow-acting flexor of any or all fingers; assists in flexing hand

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
111
Q

pronator quadratus: action

A

prime mover of forearm pronation; acts with pronator teres; also helps hold ulna and radius together

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
112
Q

extensor carpi radialis longus: action

A

extends hand in conjunction with the extensor carpi ulnaris and abducts hand in conjunction with the flexor carpi radialis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
113
Q

extensor carpi radialis brevis: action

A

extends and abducts hand; acts synergistically with extensor carpi radialis longus to steady wrist during finger flexion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
114
Q

extensor digitorum: action

A

prime mover of finger extension; extends hand; can abduct (flare) fingers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
115
Q

extensor carpi ulnaris: action

A

extends hand in conjunction with the extensor carpi radialis and adducts hand in conjunction with flexor carpi ulnaris

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
116
Q

supinator: action

A

assists biceps brachii to forcibly supinate forearm; works alone in slow supination; antagonist of pronator muscles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
117
Q

abductor pollicis longus: action

A

abducts and extends thumb

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
118
Q

extensor pollicis brevis and longus: action

A

extends thumb

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
119
Q

extensor indicis: action

A

extends index finger and assists in hand extension

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
120
Q

abductor pollicis brevis: action

A

abducts thumb (at carpometacarpal joint)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
121
Q

flexor pollicis brevis: action

A

flexes thumb (at carpometacarpal and metacarpophalangeal joints)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
122
Q

opponens pollicis: action

A

opposition: moves thumb to touch tip of little finger

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
123
Q

adductor pollicis: action

A

adducts and helps to oppose thumb

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
124
Q

abductor digiti minimi: action

A

abducts little finger at metacarpopholangeal joint<br></br>abducts and flexes little toe

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
125
Q

flexor digiti minimi brevis: action

A

flexes little finger[toe] at metacarpo[tarso]phalangeal joint

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
126
Q

opponens digit minimi: action

A

helps in opposition: brings metacarpal V toward thumb to cup the hand

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
127
Q

lumbricals: action

A

by pulling on the extensor expansion over the first phalanx, they flex fingers[toes] at metacarpo[tarso]phalongeal joints but extend fingers[toes] at interphalangeal joints<br></br>

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
128
Q

palmar interossei: action

A

adduct fingers; pull fingers in toward third digit; act with lumbricals to extend fingers at interphalangeal joints and flex them at metacarpophalangeal joints

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
129
Q

dorsal interossei: action

A

abduct fingers; extend fingers at interphalangeal joints and flex them at metacarpophalangeal joints

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
130
Q

iliacus: action

A

iliopsoas is the prime mover in thigh flexion and in flexing trunk (as when bowing)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
131
Q

psoas major: action

A

as above: iliopsoas is the prime mover in thigh flexion and in flexing trunk (as when bowing); also causes lateral flexion of vertebral column; important postural muscle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
132
Q

tensor fasciae latae: action

A

steadies trunk on thigh by making iliotibial tract taut; flexes, abducts, and medially rotates thigh

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
133
Q

sartorius: action

A

flexes, abducts, and laterally rotates thigh; flexes leg (weak) as in a soccer kick; helps produce the cross-legged position

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
134
Q

rectus femoris: action

A

extends leg and flexes thigh

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
135
Q

vastus lateralis: action

A

extends leg and stabilizes knee

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
136
Q

vastus medialis: action

A

extends leg; inferior fibers stabilize patella

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
137
Q

vastus intermedius: action

A

extends leg

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
138
Q

pectineus: action

A

adducts, flexes, and medially rotates thigh

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
139
Q

gracilis: action

A

adducts thigh, flexes and medially rotates leg, especially during walking

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
140
Q

adductor longus: action

A

adducts, flexes, and medially rotates thigh

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
141
Q

adductor brevis: action

A

adducts and medially rotates thigh

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
142
Q

adductor magnus: action

A

anterior part adducts and medially rotates and flexes thigh; posterior part is a synergist of hamstrings in thigh extension

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
143
Q

gluteus maximus: action

A

major extensor of thigh; complex, powerful, and most effective when thigh is flexed and force is necessary, as in climbing stairs and running; generally inactive during standing and walking; laterally rotates and abducts thigh

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
144
Q

gluteus medius: action

A

abducts and medially rotates thigh; steadies pelvis; its action is extremely important in walking; e.g., muscle of limb planted on ground holds pelvis in abduction so that pelvis on side of swinging limb does not sag; the foot of swinging limb can thus clear the ground

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
145
Q

gluteus minimus: action

A

as for gluteus medius: abducts and medially rotates thigh; steadies pelvis; its action is extremely important in walking; e.g., muscle of limb planted on ground holds pelvis in abduction so that pelvis on side of swinging limb does not sag; the foot of swinging limb can thus clear the ground

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
146
Q

biceps femoris: action

A

extends thigh and flexes leg; laterally rotates leg when knee is semiflexed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
147
Q

semitendinosus: action

A

extends thigh and flexes leg; medially rotates leg

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
148
Q

semimembranosus: action

A

extends thigh and flexes leg; medially rotates leg

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
149
Q

piriformis: action

A

rotates extended thigh laterally; because inserts above head of femur, can also assist in abduction of thigh when hip is flexed; stabilizes hip joint

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
150
Q

obturator externus: action

A

as for pirformis: rotates extended thigh laterally; because inserts above head of femur, can also assist in abduction of thigh when hip is flexed; stabilizes hip joint

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
151
Q

obturator internus: action

A

as for pirformis: rotates extended thigh laterally; because inserts above head of femur, can also assist in abduction of thigh when hip is flexed; stabilizes hip joint

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
152
Q

gemellus: action

A

as for piriformis: rotates extended thigh laterally; because inserts above head of femur, can also assist in abduction of thigh when hip is flexed; stabilizes hip joint

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
153
Q

quadratus femoris: action

A

rotates thigh laterally and stabilizes hip joint

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
154
Q

tibialis anterior: action

A

prime mover of dorsiflexion; inverts foot; assists in supporting medial longitudinal arch of foot

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
155
Q

extensor digitorum longus: action

A

prime mover of toe extension (acts mainly at metatarsophalangeal joints); dorsiflexes foot

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
156
Q

fibularis (peroneus) tertius: action

A

dorsiflexes and everts foot

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
157
Q

extensor hallucis longus: action

A

extends great toe; dorsiflexes foot

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
158
Q

fibularis (peroneus) longus: action

A

plantar flexes and everts foot

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
159
Q

fibularis (peronius) brevis: action

A

plantar flexes and everts food

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
160
Q

gastrocnemius: action

A

plantar flexes foot when leg is extended; because it also crosses knee joint, it can flex leg when foot is dorsiflexed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
161
Q

soleus: action

A

plantar flexes foot; important locomotor and postural muscle during walking, running, and dancing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
162
Q

plantaris: action

A

assists in leg flexion and plantar flexion of foot

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
163
Q

popliteus: action

A

flexes and rotates leg medially to unlock knee from full extension when flexion begins; with tibia fixed, rotates thigh laterally

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
164
Q

flexor digitorum longus: action

A

“flantar flexes and inverts foot; flexes toes; helps foot ““grip”” ground”

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
165
Q

flexor hallucis longus: action

A

“plantar flexes an inverts foot; flexes great toe at all joints; ““push off”” muscle during walking”

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
166
Q

tibialis posterior: action

A

prime mover of foot inversion; plantar flexes foot; stabilizes medial longitudinal arch of foot

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
167
Q

extensor digitorum brevis: action

A

helps extend toes at metatarsophalangeal joints

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
168
Q

flexor digitorum brevis: action

A

flexes toes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
169
Q

abductor hallucis: action

A

abducts great toe

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
170
Q

flexor accessorius (quadratus plantae): action

A

straightens out the oblique pull of flexor digitorum longus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
171
Q

flexor hallucis brevis: action

A

flexes great toe at metatarsophalangeal joint

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
172
Q

adductor hallucis: action

A

helps maintain the transverse arch of foot; weak adductor of great toe

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
173
Q

plantar and dorsal interossei: action

A

see palmar and dorsal interossei:<br></br>adduct toes; pull toes in toward third digit; act with lumbricals to extend toes at interphalangeal joints and flex them at metacarsophalangeal joints<br></br>abduct toes; extend toes at interphalangeal joints and flex them at metatarsophalangeal joints

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
174
Q

epicranius (occipitofrontalis)

A

muscles of the head, facial expression<br></br>Bipartite muscle consisting of frontal and occipital bellies connected by the epicranial aponeurosis. The alternate actions of these two muscles pull scalp anterioly and posteriorly

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
175
Q

frontal belly: nerve supply

A

facial nerve (cranial VII)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
176
Q

frontal belly

A

muscles of the head, facial expression<br></br>muscles of the scalp

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
177
Q

occipital belly

A

muscles of the head, facial expression<br></br>muscles of the scalp

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
178
Q

occipital belly: nerve supply

A

facial nerve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
179
Q

corrugator supercilii

A

muscles of the head, facial expression<br></br>muscles of the face<br></br>(corrugo=wrinkle, supercilium=eyebrow)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
180
Q

corrugator supercilii: nerve supply

A

facial nerve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
181
Q

orbicularis oculi: nerve supply

A

facial nerve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
182
Q

orbicularis oculi

A

muscles of the head, facial expression<br></br>muscles of the face<br></br>(orb=circular, ocul=eye)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
183
Q

zygomaticus

A

muscles of the head, facial expression<br></br>muscles of the face<br></br>major and minor<br></br>(zygomatic=cheekbone)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
184
Q

zygomaticus: nerve supply

A

facial nerve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
185
Q

orbicularis oris

A

muscles of the head, facial expression<br></br>muscles of the face<br></br>(or=mouth)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
186
Q

orbicularis oris: nerve supply

A

facial nerve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
187
Q

mentalis: nerve supply

A

facial nerve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
188
Q

mentalis

A

muscles of the head, facial expression<br></br>muscles of the face<br></br>(ment=chin)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
189
Q

platysma

A

muscles of the head, facial expression<br></br>muscles of the face<br></br>(platy=broad, flat)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
190
Q

platysma: nerve supply

A

facial nerve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
191
Q

risorius

A

muscles of the head, facial expression<br></br>muscles of the face<br></br>(risor=laughter)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
192
Q

risorius: nerve supply

A

facial nerve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
193
Q

levator labii superioris

A

muscles of the head, facial expression<br></br>muscles of the face<br></br>(leva=raise, labi=lip, superior=above, over)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
194
Q

levator labii superioris: nerve supply

A

facial nerve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
195
Q

depressor labii inferioris: nerve supply

A

facial nerve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
196
Q

depressor labii inferioris

A

muscles of the head, facial expression<br></br>muscles of the face<br></br>(depressor=depresses, infer=below)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
197
Q

depressor anguli oris

A

muscles of the head, facial expression<br></br>muscles of the face<br></br>(angul=angle, corner, or=mouth)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
198
Q

depressor anguli oris: nerve supply

A

facial nerve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
199
Q

buccinator

A

“muscles of the head, facial expression<br></br>muscles of the headmastication and tongue movement<br></br>muscles of the face, muscles of mastication<br></br>(bucc=cheek or ““trumpeter””)”

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
200
Q

buccinator: nerve supply

A

facial nerve (cranial VII)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
201
Q

masseter

A

muscles of the head, mastication and tongue movement<br></br>muscles of mastication<br></br>(maseter=chewer)

202
Q

masseter: nerve supply

A

mandibular branch of trigeminal nerve (cranial V)

203
Q

temporalis

A

muscles of the head, mastication and tongue movement<br></br>muscles of mastication<br></br>(tempora=time, pertaning to the temporal bone)

204
Q

temporalis: nerve supply

A

mandibular branch of trigeminal nerve

205
Q

medial pterygoid

A

muscles of the head, mastication and tongue movement<br></br>muscles of mastication<br></br>(medial=toward median plane, pterygoid=winglike)

206
Q

medial pterygoid: nerve supply

A

mandibular branch of trigeminal nerve

207
Q

lateral pterygoid

A

muscles of the head, mastication and tongue movement<br></br>muscles of mastication<br></br>(lateral=away from median plane)

208
Q

lateral pterygoid: nerve supply

A

mandibular branch of trigeminal nerve

209
Q

genioglossus

A

muscles of the head, mastication and tongue movement<br></br>muscles promotingtongue movements (extrinsic muscles)<br></br>(geni=chin, glossus=tongue)

210
Q

genioglossus: nerve supply

A

hypoglossal nerve (cranial XII)

211
Q

hyoglossus

A

muscles of the head, mastication and tongue movement<br></br>muscles promoting tongue movements (extrinsic muscles)<br></br>(hyo=pertaining to hyoid bone)

212
Q

hyoglossus: nerve supply

A

hypoglossal nerve

213
Q

styloglossus

A

muscles of the head, mastication and tongue movement<br></br>muscles promoting tongue movements (extrinsic muscles)<br></br>(stylo=pertaining to styloid process)

214
Q

styloglussus: nerve supply

A

hypoglossal nerve

215
Q

suprahyoid muscles

A

muscles of the anterior neck and throat, swallowing<br></br>muscles that help form floor of oral cavity, anchor tongue, elevate hyoid, and move larynx superiorly during swallowing; lie superior to hyoid bone

216
Q

digastric

A

muscles of the anterior neck and throat, swallowing<br></br>suprahyoid muscles<br></br>(di=two, gaster=belly)

217
Q

digastric: nerve supply

A

mandibular branch of trigeminal nerve (cranial V) for anterior belly; facial nerve (cranial VII) for posterior belly

218
Q

stylohyoid

A

muscles of the anterior neck and throat, swallowing<br></br>suprahyoid muscles

219
Q

stylohyoid: nerve supply

A

facial nerve

220
Q

mylohyoid

A

muscles of the anterior neck and throat, swallowing<br></br>suprahyoid muscles<br></br>(myle=molar)

221
Q

mylohyoid: nerve supply

A

mandibular branch of trigeminal nerve

222
Q

geniohyoid

A

muscles of the anterior neck and throat, swallowing<br></br>suprahyoid muscles<br></br>(geni=chin)<br></br>

223
Q

geniohyoid: nerve supply

A

first cervical spinal nerve via hypoglossal nerve (cranial XII)

224
Q

infrahyoid muscles

A

muscles of the anterior neck and throat, swallowing<br></br>straplike muscles that depress the hyoid bone and larynx during swallowing and speaking

225
Q

sternohyoid

A

muscles of the anterior neck and throat, swallowing<br></br>infrahyoid muscles<br></br>(sterno=sternum)

226
Q

sternohyoid: nerve supply

A

C1-C3 through ansa cervicalis (slender nerve root in cervical plexus)

227
Q

sternothyroid

A

muscles of the anterior neck and throat, swallowing<br></br>infrahyoid muscles<br></br>(thyro=thyroid cartilage)

228
Q

sternothyroid: nerve supply

A

as for sternohyoid: C1-C3 through ansa cervicalis (slender nerve root in cervical plexus)

229
Q

omohyoid

A

muscles of the anterior neck and throat, swallowing<br></br>infrahyoid muscles<br></br>(omo=shoulder)

230
Q

omohyoid: nerve supply

A

as for sternohyoid: C1-C3 through ansa cervicalis (slender nerve root in cervical plexus)

231
Q

thyrohyoid

A

muscles of the anterior neck and throat, swallowing<br></br>infrahyoid muscles

232
Q

thyrohyoid: nerve supply

A

first cervical nerve via hypoglossal

233
Q

superior, middle, and inferior pharyngeal constrictors

A

muscles of the anterior neck and throat, swallowing<br></br>pharyngeal constrictor muscles

234
Q

superior, middle, and inferior pharyngeal constrictors: nerve supply

A

pharyngeal plexus [branches of vagus nerve (cranial X)]

235
Q

sternocleidomastoid

A

muscles of the neck and vertebral column, head movements and trunk extension<br></br>anterolateral neck muscles<br></br>(sterno=breastbone, cleido=clavicle, mastoid=mastoid process)

236
Q

sternocleidomastoid: nerve supply

A

accessory nerve (cranial nerve XI); cervical spinal nerves C2 and C3 (ventral rami)

237
Q

scalenes

A

muscles of the neck and vertebral column, head movements and trunk extension<br></br>anterolateral neck muscles<br></br>anterior, middle, and posterior<br></br>(scalene=uneven)

238
Q

scalenes: nerve supply

A

cervical spinal nerves

239
Q

splenius

A

muscles of the neck and vertebral column, head movements and trunk extension<br></br>deep back muscles<br></br>capitis and cervicis portions<br></br>(splenion=bandage, caput=head, cervi=neck)

240
Q

splenius: nerve supply

A

cervical spinal nerves (dorsal rami)

241
Q

iliocostalis

A

muscles of the neck and vertebral column, head movements and neck extension<br></br>deep back muscles<br></br>lumborum, thoracis, and cervicis portions<br></br>(ilio=ilium, cost=rib)

242
Q

iliocostalis: nerve supply

A

spinal nerves (dorsal rami)

243
Q

longissimus

A

muscles of the neck and vertebral culmun, head movements and trunk extension<br></br>deep back muscles<br></br><br></br>thoracis, cervicis, and capitis parts, (longuissimus=longest)

244
Q

longissimus: nerve supply

A

spinal nerves (dorsal rami)

245
Q

spinalis

A

muscles of the neck and vertebral column, head movements and trunk extension<br></br>deep back muscles<br></br>theracis and cervicis parts<br></br>(spin=vertibral column, spine)

246
Q

spinalis: nerve supply

A

spinal nerves (dorsal rami)

247
Q

semispinalis

A

muscles of the neck and vertebral column, head movements and trunk extension<br></br>deep back muscles<br></br>thoracis, cervicis, and capitis regions<br></br>(semi=half, thorac=thorax)

248
Q

semispinalis: nerve supply

A

spinal nerves (dorsal rami)

249
Q

quadratus lumborum

A

muscles of the neck and vertebral column, head movements and trunk extension<br></br>deep back muscles<br></br>(quad=four-sided, lumb=lumbar region)

250
Q

quadratus lumborum: nerve supply

A

T12 and upper lumbar spinal nerves (ventral rami)

251
Q

O–body and inferior ramus of pubis<br></br>I–linea aspera above adductor longus

A

adductor brevis: origin (O) and insertion (I)

252
Q

O–ischial and pubic rami and ischial tuberosity<br></br>I–linea aspera, medial supracondylar line, and adductor tubercle of femur

A

adductor magnus: origin (O) and insertion (I)

253
Q

O–dorsal ilium, sacrum, and coccyx<br></br>I–gluteal tuberosity of femur; iliotibial tract

A

gluteus maximus: origin (O) and insertion (I)

254
Q

O–between anterior and posterior gluteal lines on lateral surface of ilium<br></br>I–by short tendon into lateral aspect of greater trochanter of femur

A

gluteus medius: origin (O) and insertion (I)

255
Q

O–between anterior and inferior gluteal lines on external surface of ilium<br></br>I–anterior border of greater trochanter of femur

A

gluteus minimus: origin (O) and insertion (I)

256
Q

O–ischial tuberosity (longe head); linea aspera, lateral supracondylar line, and distal femur (short head)<br></br>I–common tendon passes downward and latterally (forming lateral border of popliteal fossa) to insert into head of fibula and lateral condyle of tibia

A

biceps femoris: origin (O) and insertion (I)

257
Q

O–ischial tuberosity<br></br>I–medial aspect of upper tibial shaft

A

semitendinosus: origin (O) and insertion (I)

258
Q

O–ischial tuberosity<br></br>I–medial condyle of tibia; through oblique ligament of knee to lateral condyle of femur

A

semimembranosus: origin (O) and insertion (I)

259
Q

O–anterolateral surface of sacrum (opposite greater sciatic notch)<br></br>I–superior border of greater trochanter of femur

A

piriformis: origin (O) and insertion (I)

260
Q

O–outer surface of obturator membrane, external surface of pubis and ischium, and margins of obturator foramen<br></br>I–by a tendon into trochanteric fossa of posterior femur

A

obturator externus: origin (O) and insertion (I)

261
Q

O–inner surface of obturator membrane, greater sciatic notch, and margins of obturator foramen<br></br>I–greater trochanter in front of piriformis

A

obturator internus: origin (O) and insertion (I)

262
Q

O–ischial spine (superior); ischial tuberosity (inferior)<br></br>I–greater trochanter of femur

A

gemellus: origin (O) and insertion (I)

263
Q

O–ischial tuberosity<br></br>I–intertrochanteric crest of femur

A

quadratus femoris: origin (O) and insertion (I)

264
Q

O–lateral condyle and upper two-thirds of tibial shaft; interosseous membrane<br></br>I–by tendon into inferior surface of medial cuneiform and first metatarsal bone

A

tibialis anterior: origin (O) and insertion (I)

265
Q

O–lateral condyle of tibia; proximal three-fourths of fibula; interosseous membrane<br></br>I–middle and distal phalanges of toes II-V via extensor expansion

A

extensor digitorum longus: origin (O) and insertion (I)

266
Q

O–distal anterior surface of fibula and interosseous membrane<br></br>I–tendon inserts on dorsum of fifth metatarsal

A

fibularis (peroneus) tertius: origin (O) and insertion (I)

267
Q

O–anteriomedial fibula shaft and interosseous membrane<br></br>I–tendon inserts on distal phalanx of great toe

A

extensor hallucis longus: origin (O) and insertion (I)

268
Q

O–head and upper portion of lateral side of fibula<br></br>I–by long tendon that curves under foot to first metatarsal and medial cuneiform

A

fibularis (peroneus) longus: origin (O) and insertion (I)

269
Q

O–distal fibula shaft<br></br>I–by tendon running behind lateral malleolus to insert on proximal end of fifth metatarsal

A

fibularis (peroneus) brevis: origin (O) and insertion (I)

270
Q

O–by two heads from medial and lateral condyles of femur<br></br>I–posterior calcaneus via calcaneal tendon

A

gastrocnemius: origin (O) and insertion (I)

271
Q

O–extensive cone-shaped origin from superior tibia, fibula, and interosseous membrane<br></br>I–as for gastrocnemius (posterior calcaneus via calcaneal tendon)

A

soleus: origin (O) and insertion (I)

272
Q

O–posterior femur above lateral condyle<br></br>I–via a long, thin tendon into calcaneous or calcaneal tendon

A

plantaris: origin (O) and insertion (I)

273
Q

O–lateral condyle of femur and lateral meniscus of knee<br></br>I–proximal tibia

A

popliteus: origin (O) and insertion (I)

274
Q

O–extensive origin on the posterior tibia<br></br>I–tendon runs behind medial malleolus and splits to insert into distal phalanges of toes II-V

A

flexor digitorum longus: origin (O) and insertion (I)

275
Q

O–middle part of shaft of fibula; interosseous membrane<br></br>I–tendon runs under foot to distal phalanx of great toe

A

flexor hallucis longus: origin (O) and insertion (I)

276
Q

O–superior tibia and fibula and interosseous membrane<br></br>I–tendon passes behind medial malleolus and under arch of foot; inserts into several tarsals and metatarsals II-IV

A

tibialis posterior: origin (O) and insertion (I)

277
Q

O–anterior part of calcaneus bone; extensor retinaculum<br></br>I–base of proximal phalanx of big toe; extensor expansions on toes II-IV

A

extensor digitorum brevis: origin (O) and insertion (I)

278
Q

O–calcaneal tuberosity<br></br>I–middle phalanx of toes II-IV

A

flexor digitorum brevis: origin (O) and insertion (I)

279
Q

O–calcaneal tuberosity and flexor retinaculum<br></br>I–proximal phalanx of great toe, medial side, through a tendon shared with flexor hallucis brevis

A

abductor hallucis: origin (O) and insertion (I)

280
Q

O–medial and lateral sides of calcaneus<br></br>I–tendon of flexor digitorum longus in midsole

A

flexor accessorius (quadratus plantae): origin (O) and insertion (I)

281
Q

O–lateral cuneiform and cuboid bones<br></br>I–via two tendons onto both sides of the base of the proximal phalanx of great toe; each tendon has a sesamoid bone in it

A

flexor hallucis brevis: origin (O) and insertion (I)

282
Q

O–from bases of metatarsals II-IV and from sheath of fibularis longus tedon (oblique head); from a ligament across metatarsophalangeal joints (transverse head)<br></br>I–base of proximal phalanx of great toe, lateral side

A

adductor hallucis: origin (O) and insertion (I)

283
Q

see palmar and dorsal interossei:<br></br>O–O–the side of each metacarpal that faces the midaxis of the foot (metatarsal III); but absent from metatarsal III<br></br>I–extensor expansion on first phalanx of each toe (except toe III), on side facing midaxis of foot<br></br>O–sides of metatarsals<br></br>I–extensor expansion over first phalanx of toes II-IV on side opposide midaxis of foot (toe III), but on both sides of toe III

A

plantar and dorsal interossei: origin (O) and insertion (I)

284
Q

with aponeurosis fixed, elevates the eyebrows (as in surprise); wrinkles forehead skin horizontally

A

frontal belly: action

285
Q

fixes aponeurosis and pulls scalp posteriorly

A

occipital belly: action

286
Q

draws eyebrows medially and inferiorly; wrinkles skin of forehead vertically

A

corrugator supercilli: action

287
Q

closes eye; produces blinking, squinting, and draws eyebrows inferiorly

A

orbicularios oculi: action

288
Q

raises lateral corners of mouth (smiling muscle)

A

zygomaticus: action

289
Q

closes lips; purses and protrudes lips; kissing and whistling muscle

A

orbicularis oris: action

290
Q

wrinkles chin; protrudes lower lip

A

mentalis: action

291
Q

tenses skin of neck (eg., during shaving); helps depress mandible; pulls lower lip back and down

A

platysma: action

292
Q

draws corner of lip laterally; tenses lips; synergist of zigomaticus

A

risorius: action

293
Q

opens libs; elevates and furrows the upper lip

A

levator labii superioris: action

294
Q

depresses lower lip (as in a pout)

A

depressor labii inferioris: action

295
Q

draws corners of mouth inferiorly and laterally (as in a frown); zygomaticus antagonist

A

depressor anguli oris: action

296
Q

compresses cheek (as in whistling and sucking); draws corner of mouth laterally: holds food between teeth during chewing; well developed in nursing infants

A

buccinator: action

297
Q

closes jaw; elevates mandible

A

masseter: action

298
Q

closes jaw; elevates and retracts mandible; maintains position of the mandible at rest; deep anterior part may help protract mandible

A

temporalis: action

299
Q

acts with lateral pterygoid muscle to protract mandible and to produce side-to-side (grinding) movements; synergist of temporalist and masseter muscles in elevation of the mandible

A

medial pterygoid: action

300
Q

protracts mandible and produces side-to-side grinding movements of the lower teeth

A

lateral pterygoid: action

301
Q

protracts tongue; can depress or, in cerent with other extrinsic muscles, retract tongue

A

genioglossus: action

302
Q

depresses tongue and draws its sides inferiorly

A

hyoglossus: action

303
Q

retracts and elevates tongue

A

styloglossus: action

304
Q

open moth and depress mandible; acting together, the digastric muscles elevate hyoid bone and steady it during swallowing and speech

A

digastric: action

305
Q

elevates and retracts hyoid, thereby elongating floor of mouth during swallowing

A

stylohyoid: action

306
Q

elevates hyid bone and floor of mouth, enabling tongue to exert backward and upward pressure that forces food bolus into pharynx

A

mylohyoid: action

307
Q

elevates and protracts the hyoid, shortening floor of mouth and widening pharynx for receiving food during swallowing

A

geniohyoid: action

308
Q

depresses larynx and hyoid bone if mandible is fixed

A

sternohyoid: action

309
Q

depresses larynx and hyoid bone

A

sternothyroid: action

310
Q

depresses and retracts hyoid bone

A

omohyoid: action

311
Q

depresses hyoid bone or elevates larynx if hyoid is fixed

A

thyrohyoid: action

312
Q

flexes and laterally rotates the head; simultaneous contraction of both muscles causes neck flexion; acting alone, each muscle rotates head toward shoulder on opposite side and tilts or laterally flexes head to its own side

A

sternocleidomastoid: action

313
Q

elevate first two ribs (aid in inspiration); flex and rotate neck

A

scalenes: action

314
Q

extend the head; when splenius muscles on one side are activated, head is rotated and bent laterally toward same side

A

splenius: action

315
Q

extend and laterally flex the vertebral column, maintain erect posture; acting on one side, bend vertebral column to same side

A

iliocostalis: action

316
Q

thtoracis and cervicis act to extend and laterally flex vertebral column; acting on one side causes lateral flexion; capitis extends and rotates the head toward same side

A

longissimus: action

317
Q

extends vertebral column

A

spinalis: action

318
Q

extends vertebral column and head and rotates them to opposite side; acts synergistically with sternocleidomastoid muscle of opposite side

A

semispinalis: action

319
Q

flexes vertebral column laterally when acting separately; when pair acts jointly, lumbar spine is extended, and 12th rib is fixed; maintains upright posture; assists in forced inspiration

A

quadratus lumborum: action

320
Q

with first ribs fixed by scalene muscles, the external intercostals pull ribs toward one another to elevate rib cage; aid in inspiration; synergists of diaphragm

A

external intercostals: action

321
Q

with 12th ribs fixed by quadratus lumborum, muscles of posterior abdominal wall, and oblique muscles of the abdominal wall, the internal intercostals draw ribs together and depress rib cage; aid in forced expiration; antagonistic to external intercostals

A

internal intercostals: action

322
Q

prime mover of inspiration; flattens on contraction increasing vertical dimensions of thorax; when strongly contracted, dramatically increases intra-abdominal pressure

A

diphragm: action

323
Q

flex vertebral column and compress abdominal wall when pair contracts simultaneously; acting individually, aid muscles of back in trunk rotation and lateral flexion; used in oblique curls

A

external oblique: action

324
Q

as for external oblique: flex vertebral column and compress abdominal wall when pair contracts simultaneously; acting individually, aid muscles of back in trunk rotation and lateral flexion; used in oblique curls

A

internal oblique: action

325
Q

compresses abdominal contents

A

transversus abdominis: action

326
Q

flex and rotate lumbar region of vertebral column; fix and depress ribs, stabilize pelvis during walking, increase intra-abdominal pressure; used in sit-ups/curls

A

rectus abdominis: action

327
Q

supports and maintains position of pelvic organs; resists downward throusts that accompany rises in intrapelvic pressure during coughing, vomiting, and expulsive efforts of abdominal muscles; forms sphincters at anorectal junction and vagina; lifts anal canal during defecation

A

levator ani: action

328
Q

supports pelvic organs; supports coccyx and pulls it forward after it has been reflected posteriorly by defecation and childbirth

A

coccygeus: action

329
Q

supports pelvic organs; steadies the perineal body

A

deep transverse perineal muscle: action

330
Q

constricts urethra; allows voluntary inhibition of urination; helps support pelvic organs

A

external urethral sphincter: action

331
Q

retards venous drainage and maintains erection of penis or clitoris

A

ischocaveronsus: action

332
Q

empties male urethra; assists in erection of penis and clitoris

A

bulbospongiosus: action

333
Q

stabilizes and strengthens the perineal body

A

superficial transverse perineal muscle: action

334
Q

with ribs fixed, protracts and rotates scapula downward; with scapula fixed, draws rib cage superiorly

A

pectoralis minor: action

335
Q

“rotates scapula upward; prime mover to protract and hold scapula against chest wall; important role in abduction and raising of arm and in horizontal arm movements (pushing, punching); called ““boxer’s muscle”””

A

surratus anterior: action

336
Q

helps stabilize and depress pectoral girdle

A

subclavius: action

337
Q

stabilizes, elevates, retracts, and rotates scapula; middle fibers retract (adduct) scapula; superior fibers elevate scapula (as in shrugging shoulders) or can help extend head when scapula is fixed; inferior fibers depress scapula (and shoulder)

A

trapezius: action

338
Q

elevates and adducts scapula in synergy with superior fibers of trapezius; rotate scapulae downward; when scapula is fixed, flexes neck to same side

A

levator scapulae: action

339
Q

“stabilize scapula; act together (and with middle trapezius fibers) to retract scapula, thus ““squaring shoulders””; rotate scapulae downward (as when arm is lowered against resistance; e.g., paddling a canoe)”

A

rhomboids: action

340
Q

prime mover of arm flexion; rotates arm medially; adducts arm against resistance; with scapula (and arm) fixed, pulls rib cage upward, and thus can help in climbing, throwing, pushing, and in forced inspiration

A

pectoralis major: action

341
Q

prime mover of arm abduction when all its fibers contract simultaneously; antagonist of pectoralis major and latissimus dorsi, which adduct the arm; if only anterior fibers are active, can act powerfully in flexion and medial rotation of arm, and is therefore synergist of pectoralis major; if only posterior fibers are active, causes extension and lateral rotation of arm; active during rhythmic arm swinging movements during walking

A

deltoid: action

342
Q

prime mover of arm extension; adduction and medial rotation of arm; it plays an important role in bringing the arm down in a power stroke, as in striking a blow, hammering, and swimming; with arms reaching overhead, it pulls the rest of the ody upward and forward, as in chin-ups

A

latissimus dorsi: action

343
Q

extends, medially rotates, and adducts the arm; synergist of latissimus dorsi

A

teres major: action

344
Q

medically rotates arm; assisted by pectoralis major; hepls to hold head of humerus in glenoid cavity, stabilizing shoulder joint

A

subscapularis: action

345
Q

initiates abduction of arm; stabilizes shoulder joint; helps to prevent downward dislocation of humerus, as when carrying a heavy suitcase

A

supraspinatus: action

346
Q

laterally rotates arm; helps to hold head of humerus in glenoid cavity, stabilizing the shoulder joint

A

infraspinatus: action

347
Q

same actions as infraspinatus muscle: laterally rotates arm; helps to hold head of humerus in glenoid cavity, stabilizing the shoulder joint)

A

teres minor: action

348
Q

flexion and adduction of arm; synergist of pectoralis major

A

coracobrachialis: action

349
Q

powerful forearm extensor (prime mover, particularly medial head); antagonist of forearm flexors; long and lateral heads mainly active in extension against resistance; long head tendon may help stabilize shoulder joint and assist in arm adduction

A

triceps brachii: action

350
Q

abducts ulna during forearm pronation; synergist of triceps brachii in elbow extension

A

anconeus: action

351
Q

synergist in forearm flexion; acts to best advantage when forearm is partially flexed and semipronated, as when carrying luggage; stabilizes the elbow during rapid flexion and extension

A

brachioradialis: action

352
Q

flexes and supinates forearm; these actions usually occur at some time (e.g., when you open a bottle of wine it turns the corkscrew and pulls the cork); weak flexor of arm at shoulder

A

biceps brachii: action

353
Q

flexes forearm (lifts ulna as biceps lifts the radius)

A

brachialis: action

354
Q

pronates forearm; weak flexor of forearm

A

pronator teres: action

355
Q

powerful flexor of hand; abducts hand; weak synergist of forearm flexion

A

flexor carpi radialis: action

356
Q

tenses skin and fascia of falm during hand movements; weak hand flexor; weak synergist for forearm flexion

A

palmaris longus: action

357
Q

flexes and adducts hand with extensor carpi ulnaris (posterior muscle); stabilizes wrist during finger extension

A

flexor carpi ulnaris: action

358
Q

flexes hand and middle phalanges of fingersII-V; the important finger flexor when speed and flexion against resistance ar required

A

flexor digitorum superficialis: action

359
Q

flexes distal phalanx of thumb

A

flexor pollicis longus: action

360
Q

flexes distal interphalangeal joints; slow-acting flexor of any or all fingers; assists in flexing hand

A

flexor digitorum profundus: action

361
Q

prime mover of forearm pronation; acts with pronator teres; also helps hold ulna and radius together

A

pronator quadratus: action

362
Q

extends hand in conjunction with the extensor carpi ulnaris and abducts hand in conjunction with the flexor carpi radialis

A

extensor carpi radialis longus: action

363
Q

extends and abducts hand; acts synergistically with extensor carpi radialis longus to steady wrist during finger flexion

A

extensor carpi radialis brevis: action

364
Q

prime mover of finger extension; extends hand; can abduct (flare) fingers

A

extensor digitorum: action

365
Q

extends hand in conjunction with the extensor carpi radialis and adducts hand in conjunction with flexor carpi ulnaris

A

extensor carpi ulnaris: action

366
Q

assists biceps brachii to forcibly supinate forearm; works alone in slow supination; antagonist of pronator muscles

A

supinator: action

367
Q

abducts and extends thumb

A

abductor pollicis longus: action

368
Q

extends thumb

A

extensor pollicis brevis and longus: action

369
Q

extends index finger and assists in hand extension

A

extensor indicis: action

370
Q

abducts thumb (at carpometacarpal joint)

A

abductor pollicis brevis: action

371
Q

flexes thumb (at carpometacarpal and metacarpophalangeal joints)

A

flexor pollicis brevis: action

372
Q

opposition: moves thumb to touch tip of little finger

A

opponens pollicis: action

373
Q

adducts and helps to oppose thumb

A

adductor pollicis: action

374
Q

abducts little finger at metacarpopholangeal joint<br></br>abducts and flexes little toe

A

abductor digiti minimi: action

375
Q

flexes little finger[toe] at metacarpo[tarso]phalangeal joint

A

flexor digiti minimi brevis: action

376
Q

helps in opposition: brings metacarpal V toward thumb to cup the hand

A

opponens digit minimi: action

377
Q

by pulling on the extensor expansion over the first phalanx, they flex fingers[toes] at metacarpo[tarso]phalongeal joints but extend fingers[toes] at interphalangeal joints<br></br>

A

lumbricals: action

378
Q

adduct fingers; pull fingers in toward third digit; act with lumbricals to extend fingers at interphalangeal joints and flex them at metacarpophalangeal joints

A

palmar interossei: action

379
Q

abduct fingers; extend fingers at interphalangeal joints and flex them at metacarpophalangeal joints

A

dorsal interossei: action

380
Q

iliopsoas is the prime mover in thigh flexion and in flexing trunk (as when bowing)

A

iliacus: action

381
Q

as above: iliopsoas is the prime mover in thigh flexion and in flexing trunk (as when bowing); also causes lateral flexion of vertebral column; important postural muscle

A

psoas major: action

382
Q

steadies trunk on thigh by making iliotibial tract taut; flexes, abducts, and medially rotates thigh

A

tensor fasciae latae: action

383
Q

flexes, abducts, and laterally rotates thigh; flexes leg (weak) as in a soccer kick; helps produce the cross-legged position

A

sartorius: action

384
Q

extends leg and flexes thigh

A

rectus femoris: action

385
Q

extends leg and stabilizes knee

A

vastus lateralis: action

386
Q

extends leg; inferior fibers stabilize patella

A

vastus medialis: action

387
Q

extends leg

A

vastus intermedius: action

388
Q

adducts, flexes, and medially rotates thigh

A

pectineus: action

389
Q

adducts thigh, flexes and medially rotates leg, especially during walking

A

gracilis: action

390
Q

adducts, flexes, and medially rotates thigh

A

adductor longus: action

391
Q

adducts and medially rotates thigh

A

adductor brevis: action

392
Q

anterior part adducts and medially rotates and flexes thigh; posterior part is a synergist of hamstrings in thigh extension

A

adductor magnus: action

393
Q

major extensor of thigh; complex, powerful, and most effective when thigh is flexed and force is necessary, as in climbing stairs and running; generally inactive during standing and walking; laterally rotates and abducts thigh

A

gluteus maximus: action

394
Q

abducts and medially rotates thigh; steadies pelvis; its action is extremely important in walking; e.g., muscle of limb planted on ground holds pelvis in abduction so that pelvis on side of swinging limb does not sag; the foot of swinging limb can thus clear the ground

A

gluteus medius: action

395
Q

as for gluteus medius: abducts and medially rotates thigh; steadies pelvis; its action is extremely important in walking; e.g., muscle of limb planted on ground holds pelvis in abduction so that pelvis on side of swinging limb does not sag; the foot of swinging limb can thus clear the ground

A

gluteus minimus: action

396
Q

extends thigh and flexes leg; laterally rotates leg when knee is semiflexed

A

biceps femoris: action

397
Q

extends thigh and flexes leg; medially rotates leg

A

semitendinosus: action

398
Q

extends thigh and flexes leg; medially rotates leg

A

semimembranosus: action

399
Q

rotates extended thigh laterally; because inserts above head of femur, can also assist in abduction of thigh when hip is flexed; stabilizes hip joint

A

piriformis: action

400
Q

as for pirformis: rotates extended thigh laterally; because inserts above head of femur, can also assist in abduction of thigh when hip is flexed; stabilizes hip joint

A

obturator externus: action

401
Q

as for pirformis: rotates extended thigh laterally; because inserts above head of femur, can also assist in abduction of thigh when hip is flexed; stabilizes hip joint

A

obturator internus: action

402
Q

as for piriformis: rotates extended thigh laterally; because inserts above head of femur, can also assist in abduction of thigh when hip is flexed; stabilizes hip joint

A

gemellus: action

403
Q

rotates thigh laterally and stabilizes hip joint

A

quadratus femoris: action

404
Q

prime mover of dorsiflexion; inverts foot; assists in supporting medial longitudinal arch of foot

A

tibialis anterior: action

405
Q

prime mover of toe extension (acts mainly at metatarsophalangeal joints); dorsiflexes foot

A

extensor digitorum longus: action

406
Q

dorsiflexes and everts foot

A

fibularis (peroneus) tertius: action

407
Q

extends great toe; dorsiflexes foot

A

extensor hallucis longus: action

408
Q

plantar flexes and everts foot

A

fibularis (peroneus) longus: action

409
Q

plantar flexes and everts food

A

fibularis (peronius) brevis: action

410
Q

plantar flexes foot when leg is extended; because it also crosses knee joint, it can flex leg when foot is dorsiflexed

A

gastrocnemius: action

411
Q

plantar flexes foot; important locomotor and postural muscle during walking, running, and dancing

A

soleus: action

412
Q

assists in leg flexion and plantar flexion of foot

A

plantaris: action

413
Q

flexes and rotates leg medially to unlock knee from full extension when flexion begins; with tibia fixed, rotates thigh laterally

A

popliteus: action

414
Q

“flantar flexes and inverts foot; flexes toes; helps foot ““grip”” ground”

A

flexor digitorum longus: action

415
Q

“plantar flexes an inverts foot; flexes great toe at all joints; ““push off”” muscle during walking”

A

flexor hallucis longus: action

416
Q

prime mover of foot inversion; plantar flexes foot; stabilizes medial longitudinal arch of foot

A

tibialis posterior: action

417
Q

helps extend toes at metatarsophalangeal joints

A

extensor digitorum brevis: action

418
Q

flexes toes

A

flexor digitorum brevis: action

419
Q

abducts great toe

A

abductor hallucis: action

420
Q

straightens out the oblique pull of flexor digitorum longus

A

flexor accessorius (quadratus plantae): action

421
Q

flexes great toe at metatarsophalangeal joint

A

flexor hallucis brevis: action

422
Q

helps maintain the transverse arch of foot; weak adductor of great toe

A

adductor hallucis: action

423
Q

see palmar and dorsal interossei:<br></br>adduct toes; pull toes in toward third digit; act with lumbricals to extend toes at interphalangeal joints and flex them at metacarsophalangeal joints<br></br>abduct toes; extend toes at interphalangeal joints and flex them at metatarsophalangeal joints

A

plantar and dorsal interossei: action

424
Q

muscles of the head, facial expression<br></br>Bipartite muscle consisting of frontal and occipital bellies connected by the epicranial aponeurosis. The alternate actions of these two muscles pull scalp anterioly and posteriorly

A

epicranius (occipitofrontalis)

425
Q

facial nerve (cranial VII)

A

frontal belly: nerve supply

426
Q

muscles of the head, facial expression<br></br>muscles of the scalp

A

frontal belly

427
Q

muscles of the head, facial expression<br></br>muscles of the scalp

A

occipital belly

428
Q

facial nerve

A

occipital belly: nerve supply

429
Q

muscles of the head, facial expression<br></br>muscles of the face<br></br>(corrugo=wrinkle, supercilium=eyebrow)

A

corrugator supercilii

430
Q

facial nerve

A

corrugator supercilii: nerve supply

431
Q

facial nerve

A

orbicularis oculi: nerve supply

432
Q

muscles of the head, facial expression<br></br>muscles of the face<br></br>(orb=circular, ocul=eye)

A

orbicularis oculi

433
Q

muscles of the head, facial expression<br></br>muscles of the face<br></br>major and minor<br></br>(zygomatic=cheekbone)

A

zygomaticus

434
Q

facial nerve

A

zygomaticus: nerve supply

435
Q

muscles of the head, facial expression<br></br>muscles of the face<br></br>(or=mouth)

A

orbicularis oris

436
Q

facial nerve

A

orbicularis oris: nerve supply

437
Q

facial nerve

A

mentalis: nerve supply

438
Q

muscles of the head, facial expression<br></br>muscles of the face<br></br>(ment=chin)

A

mentalis

439
Q

muscles of the head, facial expression<br></br>muscles of the face<br></br>(platy=broad, flat)

A

platysma

440
Q

facial nerve

A

platysma: nerve supply

441
Q

muscles of the head, facial expression<br></br>muscles of the face<br></br>(risor=laughter)

A

risorius

442
Q

facial nerve

A

risorius: nerve supply

443
Q

muscles of the head, facial expression<br></br>muscles of the face<br></br>(leva=raise, labi=lip, superior=above, over)

A

levator labii superioris

444
Q

facial nerve

A

levator labii superioris: nerve supply

445
Q

facial nerve

A

depressor labii inferioris: nerve supply

446
Q

muscles of the head, facial expression<br></br>muscles of the face<br></br>(depressor=depresses, infer=below)

A

depressor labii inferioris

447
Q

muscles of the head, facial expression<br></br>muscles of the face<br></br>(angul=angle, corner, or=mouth)

A

depressor anguli oris

448
Q

facial nerve

A

depressor anguli oris: nerve supply

449
Q

“muscles of the head, facial expression<br></br>muscles of the headmastication and tongue movement<br></br>muscles of the face, muscles of mastication<br></br>(bucc=cheek or ““trumpeter””)”

A

buccinator

450
Q

facial nerve (cranial VII)

A

buccinator: nerve supply

451
Q

muscles of the head, mastication and tongue movement<br></br>muscles of mastication<br></br>(maseter=chewer)

A

masseter

452
Q

mandibular branch of trigeminal nerve (cranial V)

A

masseter: nerve supply

453
Q

muscles of the head, mastication and tongue movement<br></br>muscles of mastication<br></br>(tempora=time, pertaning to the temporal bone)

A

temporalis

454
Q

mandibular branch of trigeminal nerve

A

temporalis: nerve supply

455
Q

muscles of the head, mastication and tongue movement<br></br>muscles of mastication<br></br>(medial=toward median plane, pterygoid=winglike)

A

medial pterygoid

456
Q

mandibular branch of trigeminal nerve

A

medial pterygoid: nerve supply

457
Q

muscles of the head, mastication and tongue movement<br></br>muscles of mastication<br></br>(lateral=away from median plane)

A

lateral pterygoid

458
Q

mandibular branch of trigeminal nerve

A

lateral pterygoid: nerve supply

459
Q

muscles of the head, mastication and tongue movement<br></br>muscles promotingtongue movements (extrinsic muscles)<br></br>(geni=chin, glossus=tongue)

A

genioglossus

460
Q

hypoglossal nerve (cranial XII)

A

genioglossus: nerve supply

461
Q

muscles of the head, mastication and tongue movement<br></br>muscles promoting tongue movements (extrinsic muscles)<br></br>(hyo=pertaining to hyoid bone)

A

hyoglossus

462
Q

hypoglossal nerve

A

hyoglossus: nerve supply

463
Q

muscles of the head, mastication and tongue movement<br></br>muscles promoting tongue movements (extrinsic muscles)<br></br>(stylo=pertaining to styloid process)

A

styloglossus

464
Q

hypoglossal nerve

A

styloglussus: nerve supply

465
Q

muscles of the anterior neck and throat, swallowing<br></br>muscles that help form floor of oral cavity, anchor tongue, elevate hyoid, and move larynx superiorly during swallowing; lie superior to hyoid bone

A

suprahyoid muscles

466
Q

muscles of the anterior neck and throat, swallowing<br></br>suprahyoid muscles<br></br>(di=two, gaster=belly)

A

digastric

467
Q

mandibular branch of trigeminal nerve (cranial V) for anterior belly; facial nerve (cranial VII) for posterior belly

A

digastric: nerve supply

468
Q

muscles of the anterior neck and throat, swallowing<br></br>suprahyoid muscles

A

stylohyoid

469
Q

facial nerve

A

stylohyoid: nerve supply

470
Q

muscles of the anterior neck and throat, swallowing<br></br>suprahyoid muscles<br></br>(myle=molar)

A

mylohyoid

471
Q

mandibular branch of trigeminal nerve

A

mylohyoid: nerve supply

472
Q

muscles of the anterior neck and throat, swallowing<br></br>suprahyoid muscles<br></br>(geni=chin)<br></br>

A

geniohyoid

473
Q

first cervical spinal nerve via hypoglossal nerve (cranial XII)

A

geniohyoid: nerve supply

474
Q

muscles of the anterior neck and throat, swallowing<br></br>straplike muscles that depress the hyoid bone and larynx during swallowing and speaking

A

infrahyoid muscles

475
Q

muscles of the anterior neck and throat, swallowing<br></br>infrahyoid muscles<br></br>(sterno=sternum)

A

sternohyoid

476
Q

C1-C3 through ansa cervicalis (slender nerve root in cervical plexus)

A

sternohyoid: nerve supply

477
Q

muscles of the anterior neck and throat, swallowing<br></br>infrahyoid muscles<br></br>(thyro=thyroid cartilage)

A

sternothyroid

478
Q

as for sternohyoid: C1-C3 through ansa cervicalis (slender nerve root in cervical plexus)

A

sternothyroid: nerve supply

479
Q

muscles of the anterior neck and throat, swallowing<br></br>infrahyoid muscles<br></br>(omo=shoulder)

A

omohyoid

480
Q

as for sternohyoid: C1-C3 through ansa cervicalis (slender nerve root in cervical plexus)

A

omohyoid: nerve supply

481
Q

muscles of the anterior neck and throat, swallowing<br></br>infrahyoid muscles

A

thyrohyoid

482
Q

first cervical nerve via hypoglossal

A

thyrohyoid: nerve supply

483
Q

muscles of the anterior neck and throat, swallowing<br></br>pharyngeal constrictor muscles

A

superior, middle, and inferior pharyngeal constrictors

484
Q

pharyngeal plexus [branches of vagus nerve (cranial X)]

A

superior, middle, and inferior pharyngeal constrictors: nerve supply

485
Q

muscles of the neck and vertebral column, head movements and trunk extension<br></br>anterolateral neck muscles<br></br>(sterno=breastbone, cleido=clavicle, mastoid=mastoid process)

A

sternocleidomastoid

486
Q

accessory nerve (cranial nerve XI); cervical spinal nerves C2 and C3 (ventral rami)

A

sternocleidomastoid: nerve supply

487
Q

muscles of the neck and vertebral column, head movements and trunk extension<br></br>anterolateral neck muscles<br></br>anterior, middle, and posterior<br></br>(scalene=uneven)

A

scalenes

488
Q

cervical spinal nerves

A

scalenes: nerve supply

489
Q

muscles of the neck and vertebral column, head movements and trunk extension<br></br>deep back muscles<br></br>capitis and cervicis portions<br></br>(splenion=bandage, caput=head, cervi=neck)

A

splenius

490
Q

cervical spinal nerves (dorsal rami)

A

splenius: nerve supply

491
Q

muscles of the neck and vertebral column, head movements and neck extension<br></br>deep back muscles<br></br>lumborum, thoracis, and cervicis portions<br></br>(ilio=ilium, cost=rib)

A

iliocostalis

492
Q

spinal nerves (dorsal rami)

A

iliocostalis: nerve supply

493
Q

muscles of the neck and vertebral culmun, head movements and trunk extension<br></br>deep back muscles<br></br><br></br>thoracis, cervicis, and capitis parts, (longuissimus=longest)

A

longissimus

494
Q

spinal nerves (dorsal rami)

A

longissimus: nerve supply

495
Q

muscles of the neck and vertebral column, head movements and trunk extension<br></br>deep back muscles<br></br>theracis and cervicis parts<br></br>(spin=vertibral column, spine)

A

spinalis

496
Q

spinal nerves (dorsal rami)

A

spinalis: nerve supply

497
Q

muscles of the neck and vertebral column, head movements and trunk extension<br></br>deep back muscles<br></br>thoracis, cervicis, and capitis regions<br></br>(semi=half, thorac=thorax)

A

semispinalis

498
Q

spinal nerves (dorsal rami)

A

semispinalis: nerve supply

499
Q

muscles of the neck and vertebral column, head movements and trunk extension<br></br>deep back muscles<br></br>(quad=four-sided, lumb=lumbar region)

A

quadratus lumborum

500
Q

T12 and upper lumbar spinal nerves (ventral rami)

A

quadratus lumborum: nerve supply

Anatomy (42 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions