Anatomy_Concepts_Ch10-11 Flashcards
properties of muscle tissue
contractility<br></br>excitability<br></br>extensibility<br></br>elasticity
function of muscle tissue
produce movement<br></br>open and close body passageways<br></br>maintain posture and stabilize joints<br></br>generate heat
several sheaths of connective tissue hold the fibers of a skeletal muscle together, front external to internal
epiysium<br></br>perimysium<br></br>endomysium
sliding filament mechanism
“initiated by the release of calcium ions from the sarcoplasmic reticulum and the binding of those ions to the troponin molecule on the thin filament. this results in a change of shape of the troponin, which moves the tropomyosin molecule and exposes the binding sites on the actin filament for the myosin heads.contraction results as the myosin heads of the thick filaments attach to the thin filaments at both ends of the sarcomere and pull the thin filaments toward the center of the sarcomere by pivoting inward. after a myosin head pivots at its ‘hinge’, it lets go, returns to its original position, binds to the thin filament farther along its length, and pivots agoin. this ratchet-like cycle is repeated many times during a single contraction. ATP powers this process. the thick and thin filaments themselves do not shorten: the thin filament merely slides over the thick filament”
in the development-based scheme, muscles are organized into groups
muscle of the visceral organs<br></br>pharyngeal arch muscles<br></br>axial muscles<br></br>limb muscles
criteria for naming skeletal muscles
location<br></br>shape<br></br>relative size (maximus-largest, minimus-smallest, longus-long, brevis-short)<br></br>direction of fascicles and fibers (rectus, transversus, oblique)<br></br>location of attachments<br></br>number of origins<br></br>action (flexor, extensor, adductor, abductor)
anterior abdominal wall extends from the costal margin down to an inferior boundary that is defined by the following landmarks
iliac crest<br></br>anterior superior iliac spine<br></br>inguinal ligament<br></br>pubic crest
