Wildland (WUI) Firescope

Question 0

The lexicon for contingency planning is?

Answer 0

P.A.C.E

P - Primary Plan [Offense]

A - Alternate Plan [Offense]

C - Contingency Plan [Defense]

E - Emergency Plan [Defense]

Question 1

What are the seven tactical actions available to structure protection?

Answer 1

CHECK AND GO
PREP AND GO
PREP AND DEFEND
FIRE FRONT FOLLOWING 
BUMP AND RUN 
ANCHOR AND HOLD 
TACTICAL PATROL

Question 2

P.A.C.E.

P - Primary Plan [Offense]

Answer 2

Is focused on fire fighter safety
Is focused on mission objectives
Yields the most desirable results
(Manning hose lines to suppress the fire around a structure)

Question 3

FIVE Levels of Engagement in firefighting

Answer 3

DRAW-D

D - Defend

R - Reinforce

A - Advance

W - Withdrawal

D - Delay

Question 4

DRAW - D

D -

Answer 4

Defend – Holding actions, protecting priority areas
Protect the structures
Hold and improve the line

Question 5

DRAW - D

R -

Answer 5

Reinforce – Bring more resources to bear

Add resources necessary to advance or defend

Question 6

DRAW - D

A - Advance

Answer 6

A - Advance

Anchor and Flank
Direct or indirect attack
Active burnout operations

Question 7

DRAW - D

W -

Answer 7

Withdraw –

Cease current activities until conditions modify
Abandon an established position or constructed line in response to an increase in fire intensity
Not a stigma, but a decision to move away from a threat

Question 8

DRAW - D

D- (SECOND)

Answer 8

Delay –

Wait until the situation has modified sufficiently to allow a different level of engagement
Waiting for conditions to meet pre-identified triggers necessary to advance or defend
Not a lack of effort, but a conscious decision to maximize long term effectiveness

Question 9

There are two basic structure environments in the wildland?

Answer 9

Interface

Intermix

Question 10

Interface ?

Answer 10

a condition where structures abut the wildland.

Question 11

Intermix?

WILDLAND STRUCTURE ENVIRONMENT

Answer 11

a condition where structures are scattered throughout a wildland area.
• There is no clear line of demarcation; the wildland fuels are continuous outside of and
within the developed area.
• Each structure must be assessed independently
• Usually more complex to triage than an interface condition
• Usually more complex to defend that an interface condition
• Usually requires a higher ratio of engines to structures than an interface condition

Question 12

DEFINITIONS

a preplanned area of sufficient size and suitable location that is expected to
protect fire personnel from known hazards without using fire shelters.

Answer 12

Safety Zone

Question 13

Examples of Temporary Refuge Area’s?

Answer 13

Lee side of structure
Inside of a structure
large lawn or parking area
cab of apparatus

Question 14

Under “FIRE BEHAVIOR FORECASTING”

What’s the pneumonic used?

Answer 14

10 Standard Firefighting Orders

Question 15

10 Standard Firefighting Orders

Answer 15

Incident Response Pocket Guide
Look Up, Look Down, Look Around indicators
Extreme Fire Behavior indicators (spotting, crowning, rate of spread)
Campbell Prediction System (CPS)
Know what the fire is doing at all times in order to maintain an accurate fire behavior forecast.
Know current weather conditions and forecasts. Consider wind speed, direction, relative humidity, temperatures
Observe current burning activity in order to predict flame length and intensity.
Consider local weather factors and fire history
Evaluate for wind shifts, micro-climates, weather indicators and hazards
Evaluate surrounding fuels for type, height, continuity, and conditions

Question 16

What are three STRUCTURE TRIAGE CATEGORIES?

Answer 16

Not-Threatened

Threatened Defensible

Threatened Non-Defensible:

Question 17

Water Use Guidelines

Answer 17

Keep at least 100 gallons of water reserve in your tank
Keep fire out of the heavier fuels
Extinguish fire at its lowest intensity, not when it is flaring up

Question 18

Class A Foam/Gel Use Guidelines:

Answer 18

Direct Attack with Class A Foam – apply to the base of flame
Apply Class A Foam to structure (roof and siding) 10-15 minutes before fire arrives
Foam or gel the structure and the vegetation immediately surrounding the structure

Question 19

STRUCTURE PROTECTION STRATEGIES (Who is responsible)

Answer 19

The IC or Operations Section Chief (when assigned)

Question 20

WHAT ARE TACTICS?

Answer 20

tactics are the specific actions firefighters will take to accomplish the incident objectives.

Question 21

GIVE AN EXAMPLE OF A “TACTICAL MANEUVER”?

Answer 21

changing from structure protection mode (defensive) to suppression mode (offensive) when fire behavior allows.

Question 22

Clearances/Exposures/Defensible Space

STRUCTURE CLEARANCE?

Answer 22

Adequate clearance around structure-minimum of 100’ (steeper the slope the more clearance required)

Question 23

Estimated Resources for Protection?

Answer 23

one engine per structure, one additional engine for every four structures to be used as “backup” and for patrol. For structures that are close together (50’ or less), one engine may be adequate to protect two structures.)

Question 24

POWERLINE SAFETY

Answer 24

Maintain a 35’ distance from transmission lines
Spot fires or low ground fires can be fought with hose lines if heavy smoke or flame is not within 100’ of the power lines

Question 25

Under Leaders Intent:

The first and foremost intent during structure protection is to?

Answer 25

keep firefighters and the public safe.

Question 26

What is the 5 Steps in the Risk Management Process?

Answer 26

Step One - Situational Awareness
Step Two - Hazard Assessment
Step Three - Hazard Control
Step Four - Decision Point
Step Five - Evaluate

Question 27

Structure defense firefighting in the Wildland Urban Interface (WUI) is inherently dangerous because it is primarily associated with __________________?

Answer 27

In-direct Firefighting

Question 28

Structure protection should start with a determination of the _______________?

Answer 28

exit strategy

Question 29

Use of _________ as Levels of Engagement incorporates a “can do” attitude in every level of engagement and every level of engagement is equal in value to the overall effort as the other

Answer 29

DRAW-D

Question 30

Maintain a _____ distance from transmission lines

Answer 30

35 foot

Question 31

Spot fires or low ground fires can be fought with hose lines if heavy smoke or flame if not within ___ of the power lines

Answer 31

100 feet

Question 32

When are “Anchor and Hold” tactics most effective?

Answer 32

Anchor and hold tactics are more effective in urban neighborhoods where the fire is spreading from house to house.