Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Anatomy > Weeks 2 & 3 Development > Flashcards

Weeks 2 & 3 Development Flashcards

1
Q

describe week 2

A
  • implantation completed
  • trophoblast differentiates into 2 layers
  • embryoblast forms 2 layers
  • extraembryonic mesoderm splits into 2 layers
  • 2 cavities form
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

day 8- trophoblast differentiated

A
  • cytotrophoblast

- syncytiotrophoblast

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

day 8- embryoblast differentiates:

A
  • hypoblast

- epiblast

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

day 8, the _____ forms

A

amniotic cavity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

amnioblasts are…

A

epiblast cells adjacent to cytotrophoblast

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

During day 9, ____ migrate peripherally forming the _____

A

hypoblast cells; exocoelomic (heuser) membrane

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

the exocoelmic membrane and the hypoblast forms lining of _____

A

exocoelmic cavity (also called primitive yolk sac or primary umbilical vesicle)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

During day 9, _____ fills in tiny space in _____

A

fibrin coagulum; endometrial wall

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

During day 9, _____ appear in syncytium of _____

A

vacuoles; embryonic pole

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

during day 9, fuse form _____ called the _____

A

lacunae; lacunar stage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

During days 11 and 12…

A
  • trophoblast characterized by lacunar spaces in the syncytium; forms intercommunicating network
  • Cells of syncytiotrophoblast erode endothelial lining of maternal capillaries; sinusoids
  • syncytial lacunae become continuous with sinusoids
  • establishes uteroplacental circulation
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

during days 11 and 12, blastocyst is completely _____

A

embedded in stroma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

During days 11 and 12, new cells appear between inner surface of ____ and outer surface of _____, forming the _____

A

cytotrophoblast; exocoelomic cavity; extraembryonic mesoderm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

days 11 and 12 the cells lining the primary umbilical vesicle form a layer of _____ that surrounds the _____ and ______

A

extraembryonic mesoderm; amniotic cavity; primary umbilical vesicle (yolk sac)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

days 11 and 12, large cavities known as the _____ form in _____ and will eventually fuse

A

extraembryonic coelomic spaces; extraembryonic mesoderm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

days 11 and 12…

A
  • large cavities form in extraembryonic mesoderm
  • form extraembryonic cavity (aka chorionic cavity)
  • chorionic cavity surrounds amnion and umbilical vesicle except at connecting stalk
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

the extraembryonic mesoderm lining cytotrophoblast and amnion is _____

A

extraembryonic somatic mesoderm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

the extraembryonic mesoderm covering the yolk sac

A

extraembryonic splanchnic mesoderm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

day 13

A
  • trophoblast characterized by primary villi
  • hypoblast produces cells that form secondary yolk sac (aka definitive yolk sac); exocoelomic cysts in the extraembryonic coelom (chorionic cavity)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

during day 13, the _____ forms

A

chorionic cavity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

extraembryonic mesoderm lining inside of cytotrophoblast

A

chorionic place

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

_____ will develop into the umbilical cord with development of blood vessels

A

connecting stalk

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

chorionic cavity surrounds ____ and _____ except at _____

A

amnion; umbilical vesicle; connecting stalk

24
Q

at the end of week 2, a thickening develops in a region of the ____ where the cells become _____ in shape (this is known as the _____)

A

hypoblast; columnar; prechordal plate

25
Q

the prechordal plate indicates the future site of the ____

A

mouth

26
Q

recap of week 2

A
  • implantation completed
  • uteroplacental circulation established
  • embryoblast develops into bilaminar disc
  • amniotic and chorionic cavities form
  • extraembryonic mesoderm forms
  • primary and secondary yolk sacs form
27
Q

week 3

A
  • formative of primitive streak and node
  • gastrulation occurs
  • formation of notochord
  • establishment of body axes
  • growth of the embryo
28
Q

formative process by which the 3 embryonic germ layers are formed

A

endoderm, mesoderm, ectoderm all formed by gastrulation

29
Q

endoderm, mesoderm, ectoderm all formed from _____

A

epiblast

30
Q

gastrulation begins with formation of ______

A

primitive streak

31
Q

cephalic end of primitive streak =

A

primitive node which surrounds the primitive pit

32
Q

during gastrulation, epiblast cells migrate towards _____ and slip beneath epiblast, which is called _____

A

primitive streak; invagination

33
Q

invaginating epiblast cells:

A
  • displace/replace hypoblast cells forming endoderm
  • lie between epiblast and endoderm to form mesoderm
  • cells remaining in epiblast form ectoderm
34
Q

hypoblast cells are fairly ___ and not ___; the migrating epiblast cells which displace/replace the hypoblast cells are much more ___ and ____; the same goes for the epiblast cells which remain in the epiblast and do not migrate; they will also become more ____ to form the ____

A

thin; robust; robust; substantial; robust; ectoderm

35
Q

during gastrulation, cells continue to spread ____ and _____; in cephalic direction, pass on each side of _____

A

laterally; cranially; prechordal plate

36
Q

the prechoral plate is formed between the tip of the ____ and ____

A

notochord; oropharyngeal membrane (future opening of the oral cavity)

37
Q

during notochord formation, _____ invaginate in the _____ which forms the _____

A

prenotochordal cells; primitive pit; notochordal process

38
Q

the notochordal process grows cranially from the _____ until it reaches the _____ and acquires a ____, which is known as the ____

A

primitive node; prechordal plate; lumen; notochordal canal

39
Q

the floor of the _____ fuses with ____ below and it degenerates

A

notochordal process; endoderm

40
Q

once the floor degenerates, the _____ now has open connection with _____ through what is known as the _____

A

amniotic cavity; umbilical vesicle; neurenteric canal

41
Q

two other names for extracoelomic cavity

A

primitive yolk sac and primary umbilical vesicle

42
Q

the notochordal process is basically a hollow tube of _____ which move forward _____ from ____ to _____

A

prenotochordal cells; cranially; primitive node; prechordal plate

43
Q

remains of notochordal process comprise the _____; this ____ separates from _____, folding in to form the ____

A

notochordal plate; notochordal plate; endoderm; notochord

44
Q

recap of notochord formation

A

The ventral floor of the tube fuses with the underlying endoderm and the two layers breakdown, leaving the flattened notochordal plate. (At the level of the primitive pit the yolk sac is transiently communicating with the amniotic cavity thru the neurenteric canal).
The notochordal plate then detaches from the endoderm, into the mesoderm containing space between the endoderm and ectoderm, forming a solid rod = notochord.

45
Q

the cloacal membrane is formed at the _____ of the _____

A

caudal end; embryonic disc

46
Q

cloacal membrane similar to ______

A

oropharyngeal membrane

47
Q

yolk sac forms _____ that extends into ______; allantois forms around _____

A

diverticulum; connecting stalk; day 16

48
Q

allantois in lower vertebrates serves as a reservoir for ____ products of the _____; in humans, it remains ____ but may be involved in abnormalities of _____

A

excretion; renal system; rudimentary; bladder development

49
Q

beginning of week 3, trophoblast is characterized by _____; _____ covered by _____

A

primary villi; cytotrophoblastic core; syncytial layer

50
Q

further development of trophoblast: _____ penetrate core of primary villi (secondary villus)

A

mesodermal cells

51
Q

end of 3rd week, mesodermal cells differentiate into ____ and _____

A

blood cells; small blood vessels (tertiary villus)

52
Q

capillaries in tertiary villi make contact with capillaries developing in _____ of _____ and in ______; contact established with ______, connecting the ____ and ____

A

mesoderm; chorionic plate; connecting stalk; intraembryonic circulatory system; placenta; embryo

53
Q

blood vessels arise from blood islands

A

vasculogenesis

54
Q

blood vessels sprouting from existing vessels

A

angiogenesis

55
Q

____ cavity enlarges; embryo attached to its _____ by narrow _____

A

chorionic; trophoblastic shell; connecting stalk

56
Q

connecting stalk will develop into the _____ with development of _____

A

umbilical cord; blood vessels

57
Q

recap of week 3

A
  • formation of primitive streak and node
  • gastrulation occurs
  • formation of notochord
  • establishment of body axes
  • growth of the embryo
  • primary to secondary to tertiary villi

Anatomy (34 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions