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Anatomy > Intro to Vasculature > Flashcards

Intro to Vasculature Flashcards

1
Q

major components of the cardiovascular system

A
  • heart
  • blood vessels
  • blood
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2
Q

major function of cardiovascular system

A

transportation of nutrients and oxygen, waste products, and hormones

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3
Q

the atria are the ____ chambers

A

receiving

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4
Q

the ventricles are the ____ chambers

A

discharging

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5
Q

the left side of the heart is the pump for the ____ circuit

A

systemic

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6
Q

the left atrium received _____ blood

A

oxygenated

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7
Q

the right side of the heart is the pump for the _____ circuit

A

pulmonary

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8
Q

the right atrium receives _____ blood

A

deoxygenated

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9
Q

carry blood away from the heart

A

arteries

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10
Q

smallest of the blood vessels; have a thin wall; main role is to allow the exchange of materials between the blood and body tissues

A

capillaries

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11
Q

carry blood toward the heart

A

veins

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12
Q

arteries carry ____ blood in the systemic circulation and carry _____ blood in the pulmonary circulation

A

oxygenated; deoxygenated

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13
Q

the smallest artery is a ____

A

arteriole

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14
Q

veins carry ____ in the systemic circulation and ____ blood in the pulmonary circulation

A

deoxygenated blood; oxygenated

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15
Q

smallest vein is a ____

A

venule

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16
Q

heart and blood vessel pathway

A

heart, arteries, arterioles, capillaries, venules, veins, heart

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17
Q

the walls of blood vessels (except the smallest) have three layers or tunics:

A
  1. tunica interna or tunica intima
  2. tunica media
  3. tunica externa or tunica adventitia
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18
Q

3 parts to the tunica interna or tunica intima

A

a. endothelium
b. basal lamina
c. subendothelial layer

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19
Q

contains rings of smooth muscle cells responsible for vasoconstriction and vasodilation; can also contain sheets or lamellae or laminae of elastin

A

tunica media

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20
Q

in larger vessels this tunic contains a vasa vasorum and a nervi vascularis

A

tunica externa or tunica adventitia

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21
Q

in cross section, ____ will appear more open and ____ more collapsed; additionally, the lumen of the ____ is much larger than that of the comparable artery

A

arteries; veins

22
Q

in arteries, the thickest layer is the _____

A

tunica media

23
Q

in veins, the thickest layer is the ____

A

tunica externa

24
Q

largest diameter arteries (diameter is greater than 10 mm)

A

elastic or conducting arteries (large arteries)

25
Q

walls of large arteries contain large amounts of _____; allows arteries to expand and recoil; important vessels important in helping to propel blood onward while ____ are relaxing

A

elastic fibers; ventricles

26
Q

elastic fibers function as _____

A

pressure reserve

27
Q

medium-sized arteries have a diameter of ___ to ___ mm; walls contain large amounts of _____

A

2; 10; smooth muscle

28
Q

medium sized arteries also called _____ or ____

A

muscular or distributing arteries

29
Q

medium arteries are important in regulating blood flow to specific body regions; smooth muscle cells in _____ orientation and are responsible for _____ and _____

A

circular; vasoconstriction (reduction in lumen diameter); vasodilation (increase in lumen diameter)

30
Q

diameter of small arteries

A

0.1 mm to 2 mm

31
Q

small arteries have as many as ____ layers of smooth muscle in their _____

A

eight; tunica media

32
Q

smallest diameter artery; only one or two layers of smooth muscle in the tunica media

A

arterioles

33
Q

diameter of arterioles

A

10 to 100 micrometers

34
Q

capillaries have the smallest diameter of all blood vessels which is _____

A

4-10 micrometers

35
Q

capillaries have thin walls consisting of ____ and its _____

A

endothelial cell; basal lamina

36
Q

main role of capillaries is to allow the exchange of materials between the ____ and _____

A

blood; body tissues

37
Q

4 types of arteries:

A
  1. elastic or conducting (large arteries)
  2. muscular or distributing (medium arteries)
  3. small arteries
  4. arterioles
38
Q

smallest diameter vein; 10-100 micrometer diameter; receive blood from capillaries

A

venules

39
Q

endothelial cell with basal lamina and pericytes; no tunica media and no adventitia

A

postcapillary venule

40
Q

possess a tunica media with one or two layers of smooth muscle and a thin tunica adventitia; typically no pericytes here

A

muscular venule

41
Q

small veins:

A

0.1 mm to 1 mm in diameter; receive blood from muscular venule

42
Q

medium veins

A

1mm to 10mm in diameter; all three layers present.

43
Q

large veins

A

larger than 10mm in diameter; all three layers present.

44
Q

most veins in limbs have ____ which prevent backflow of blood

A

valves

45
Q

thin folds of tunica intima- endothelial cells over a thin layer of connective tissue

A

valves

46
Q

thickest layer in arteries

A

tunica media

47
Q

thickest layer in veins

A

tunica externa/tunica adventitia

48
Q

Found between the internal elastic membrane and the external elastic membrane, when these membranes are present

A

tunica media

49
Q

Composed of endothelium, basal lamina, and subendothelial connective tissue

A

tunica interna

50
Q

Composed of smooth muscle cells and elastic sheets

A

tunica media

51
Q

May contain a vasa vasorum and a nervi vascularis in larger vessels.

A

tunica externa/adventitia

Anatomy (34 decks)

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