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Anatomy > Pelvis and Pelvic Floor > Flashcards

Pelvis and Pelvic Floor Flashcards

1
Q

the pelvis is divided into 2 regions by the pelvic brim: ____ and ____

A

false pelvis or greater pelvis; true pelvis or lesser pelvis

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2
Q

the false pelvis is above the ____; pelvic inlet continuous with abdominal cavity

A

pelvic brim

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3
Q

the true pelvis is below the pelvic brim; pelvic outlet closed off by ____

A

muscular pelvic floor

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4
Q

the pelvic cavity is lined in continuum with the ____ of the abdominal cavity; the viscera of the pelvic cavity is ____

A

peritoneum; retroperitoneal

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5
Q

os coxae made up of ___, ___ and ____

A

ilium; ischium; pubis

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6
Q

pelvic brim is ___ shaped in females and ___ shaped in males

A

oval; heart

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7
Q

pubic symphysis is ____ in females and pubic arch is ____ in females

A

shorter; wider

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8
Q

females have more flared ____ and ____ are farther apart

A

iliac wings (alae); ischial tuberosities

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9
Q

the ____ is shorter and less curved in females

A

sacrum

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10
Q

females have ___ to ___ pelvic inlet which is the _____

A

oval; rounded; superior pelvic aperature

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11
Q

pubic arch in females is wider with subpubic angle ____

A

> 80

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12
Q

____ in females is oval and ____ is small

A

obturator foramen; acetabulum

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13
Q

____ is deeper in males and ____ is narrow and deep

A

greater pelvis; lesser pelvis

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14
Q

pubic arch in males is ___ with a subpubic angle of ____

A

narrow; < 70

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15
Q

obturator foramen in males is ____ and ____ is large

A

round; acetabulum

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16
Q

ligaments of the pelvis

A
  • pubic symphysis
  • anterior sacroiliac ligament
  • posterior sacroiliac ligament
  • sacrotuberous ligament
  • sacrospinous ligament
  • interosseous ligament
  • obturator membrane
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17
Q

connects the 2 pubic bones

A

pubic symphysis

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18
Q

closes off obturator foramen (lower border of obturator canal)

A

obturator membrane

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19
Q

sacrotuberous ligament extends from ____ to ____; it is the lower border of the ____

A

ischial tuberosity; sacrum/coccyx; lesser sciatic foramen

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20
Q

the sacrospinous ligament extends from the ____ to the ____; it is the lower boundary of the ____

A

ischial spine; sacrum/coccyx; greater sciatic foramen

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21
Q

piriformis m. extends from ____ to ____ and passes behind ____

A

anterior sacrum; greater trochanter; greater sciatic notch

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22
Q

piriformis m. closes off _____

A

posterior/superior pelvic outlet

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23
Q

obturator internus extends from ____ to ____; it is covered with a thick fascia and attaches to ____ as tendinous arch

A

obturator foramen; greater trochanter; levator ani

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24
Q

obturator internus m. arises in pelvis to act on ____ and passes through ____; it is innervated by ____

A

hip joint; lesser sciatic foramen; L5, S1

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25
Q

piriformis m. arises in pelvis to act on ____ and passes through _____; it is innervated by ____

A

hip joint; greater sciatic foramen; S1, S2

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26
Q

separates the pelvic cavity from the perineum, formed by muscles and fascia

A

pelvic floor

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27
Q

another name for pelvic floor is ____

A

pelvic diaphragm

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28
Q

largest components of the pelvic diaphragm

A

levator ani muscles

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29
Q

2 general muscles of the pelvic floor or pelvic diaphragm

A
  • levator ani (iliococcygeus, pubococcygeus, puborectalis)

- coccygeus

30
Q

pelvic floor assisted by ____ and _____ muscles

A

piriformis; obturator internus

31
Q

diamond shaped region between the thigh with 2 triangles

A

perineum (with anal triangle or perineum and urogenital triangle of perineum)

32
Q

urogenital triangle for passage of ____ and ____ systems; made up of ____ or ____

A

urinary and genital systems

deep transverse perineal muscles; urogenital diaphragm

33
Q

anal triangle of perineum for passage of ___ and ____; made up of ____ or ____

A

rectum; anus

pelvic floor muscles or pelvic diaphragm

34
Q

UG diaphragm is ____ to the pelvic diaphragm and composed of _____

A

anterior/inferior; deep transverse perineal muscles

35
Q

UG diaphragm extends between 2 ____ and attaches posteriorly to ____; blends with ____ of urethra and vagina in females

A

pubic arches; perineal body; sphincter mm.

36
Q

transport urine from the kidneys to the bladder

A

ureters

37
Q

the ureters cross the ____ vessels and descend into the pelvis; they travel to the ____ aspect of the urinary bladder

A

external iliac; posterolateral

38
Q

in females, the ____ crosses the ureter and in males, the ____ crosses the ureter

A

uterine a. ; ductus deferens

39
Q

stores urine prior to expulsion through the urethra

A

urinary bladder

40
Q

the bladder consists of ____ muscle called the ____

A

smooth; detrusor urinae

41
Q

the bladder is covered by ____ and supported by the ____

A

peritoneum; pelvic floor

42
Q

female urethra is ___ cm long; pierces the ____ portion of the UG diaphragm between the ___ and ____

A

3.5-4; anterior; bladder; external urethral orifice

43
Q

4 parts of the male urethra

A
  1. preprostatic
  2. prostatic
  3. membranous
  4. spongy
44
Q

the rectum is located in the true pelvis superior to the ____; normally constricted by _____

A

pelvic floor; puborectal sling

45
Q

U-shaped ____ muscle is responsible for fecal continence

A

puborectalis

46
Q

the anal canal emerges in anal triangle ____ to pelvic floor

A

inferior

47
Q

anal canal is continuous with rectum at ____ and produces curvature here called the ____

A

anorectal junction; perineal flexure

48
Q

anorectal junction is the location of the ____

A

puborectal sling

49
Q

primary male reproductive organs; housed in the scrotum

A

testes

50
Q

fascial sheath derived from anterior abdominal wall

A

spermatic cord

51
Q

spermatic cord extends from ____ into ____

A

inguinal canal; scrotum

52
Q

spermatic cord surrounds ____, ___ and ____

A

vas deferens; testicular vessels; testicular nerves

53
Q

reproductive glands of males

A
  • seminal vesicles
  • prostate gland
  • bulbourethral (Cowper’s) gland
54
Q

seminal vesicles join with the ____, form the ____, and empty into the ____

A

vas deferens; ejaculatory ducts; prostatic urethra

55
Q

prostate gland is a walnut sized gland between the ____ and ____

A

bladder; UG diaphragm

56
Q

bulbourethral glands (or Cowper’s glands) are 2 pea sized glands within the _____ that empty into the _____

A

UG diaphragm; penile urethra

57
Q

primary female reproductive organs; produces ova and female hormones (1 ovum released per menstrual cycle)

A

ovaries

58
Q

ovaries are encapsulated and housed in ____

A

true pelvis

59
Q

uterine (Fallopian) tubes are muscular tubes for transport of ____ to ____; they are open channels from ____ to _____

A

ovum; uterus; peritoneal cavity; uterus

60
Q

4 parts of the uterine tubes

A

isthmus, ampulla, infundibulum, and fimbriae

61
Q

ovaries + uterine tubes + uterine ligaments = ____

A

adnexa

62
Q

the uterus is about __ cm long and may enlarge 20x during pregnancy

A

7

63
Q

uterus is usually ____ and at right angle to ____; position changes with ___ and ____

A

anteverted; vaginal canal; full bladder; pregnancy

64
Q

inferior neck of the uterus protruding into the vaginal canal

A

uterine cervix

65
Q

the cervix opens to the vagina as ____ and uterus as ____

A

external os; internal os

66
Q

circular gutter surrounding cervix; deeper posterior than anterior

A

vaginal fornix

67
Q

uterine ligament

A
  • suspensory ligament
  • broad ligament
  • ovarian ligament
  • round ligament of the uterus
  • mesovarium
68
Q

suspensory ligament is peritoneum covering ____

A

ovarian vessels and nerves

69
Q

broad ligament is peritoneum covering the ___ and ___

A

uterus; adnexa

70
Q

ovarian ligament anchors ___ to ____

A

ovary; uterus

71
Q

round ligament of uterus is a continuation of _____ that passes through the ____ and fuses with ____

A

ovarian ligament; inguinal canal; labia majora

72
Q

posterior extension of the broad ligament

A

mesovarium

Anatomy (34 decks)

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