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Anatomy > Axilla/Brachial Plexus > Flashcards

Axilla/Brachial Plexus Flashcards

1
Q

borders of axilla

A

anterior wall = pectoralis major and minor
posterior wall = latissimus dorsi, teres major, and subscapularis
medial wall = serratus anterior
lateral wall = intertubercular sulcus of humerus
base = skin and fascia of armpit

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2
Q

contents of axilla

A
  • fat and connective tissue
  • axillary v and lymphatics (outside sheath)
  • cutaneous nerves
  • axillary sheath with axillary a. and brachial plexus
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3
Q

5 principal groups of nodes in the axilla

A
  • pectoral
  • subscapular
  • humeral
  • central
  • apical
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4
Q

pectoral nodes receive lymph from ____ and most of ____

A

anterior thoracic wall; breast

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5
Q

subscapular nodes receive lymph from ____ and ____ region

A

posterior thoracic wall; scapular

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6
Q

humeral nodes receive lymph from ___ except for portion along the ____

A

upper limb; cephalic v.

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7
Q

central nodes receive lymph from ____ to ____

A

pectoral, subscapular, and humeral nodes; apical nodes

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8
Q

apical nodes receive lymph from ____ plus the ____ nodes

A

all other axillary nodes; proximal cephalic vein

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9
Q

the axillary artery arises from the subclavian a. at the ____

A

lateral border of the 1st rib

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10
Q

axillary a. gives rise to brachial a. at the ____

A

inferior border of the teres major m.

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11
Q

1st part of axillary a. is between ___ and ____ and gives off ____

A

1st rib; pec minor m. ; superior thoracic a.

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12
Q

2nd part of axillary a. is ___ to pec minor m. and gives off ____ and ____

A

deep; thoracoacromial a. ; lateral thoracic a.

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13
Q

3rd part of axillary a. is between ___ and ____; gives off ____ and ____

A

pec minor; teres major; subscapular a.; anterior & posterior circumflex humeral aa.

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14
Q

brachial plexus composed of ventral rami ____; supplies all UL mm. except ____

A

C5-T1; trapezius (inn by CN XI)

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15
Q

structure of the brachial plexus

A 
rami (5) - emerge in upper neck
trunks (3) - form in lower neck
divisions (6) - split off behind clavicle
cords (3)- form in axillary region
branches (5)- split off in upper arm
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16
Q

the lateral cord contains ___ divisions from the upper and middle trunks, thus containing contributions from ____ rami

A

anterior; C5-C7

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17
Q

the posterior cord contains ____ divisions of all the trunks, thus containing contributions from ____ rami

A

posterior; C5-T1

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18
Q

the medial cord contains the ___ division of the lower trunk, thus containing contributions from ____ rami

A

anterior; C8-T1

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19
Q

5 terminal branches of the brachial plexus

A 
musculocutaneous (C5, C6, C7)
median (C5-T1)
axillary (C5 and C6)
radial (C5-T1)
ulnar (C8, T1)
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20
Q

major nerve of the anterior arm

A

musculocutaneous n. (C5-C7)

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21
Q

musculocutaneous n. is formed from the ___ cord and passes through _____ m. ; also enters ____ and ____ mm.

A

lateral; coracobrachialis; biceps brachii; brachialis

22
Q

what does musculocutaneous n. innervate?

A

coracobrachialis, biceps brachii, and half of brachialis m.

23
Q

median nerve (C5-T1) is formed from ___ and ____

A

half of the lateral cord; half of the medial cord

24
Q

the median n. is the major nerve of the ____ and passes ____ to arm muscles

A

anterior forearm; medial

25
Q

what does the median n. innervate?

A

most of the anterior forearm, 3 thenar eminence mm. and first 2 lumbricals in the hand

26
Q

the ulnar n. is formed from the ____ cord; runs behind the ____ and is the major n. of the ____

A

medial; medial epicondyle; hand

27
Q

what does the ulnar n. innervate?

A

most of the mm of the hand, flexor carpi ulnaris m., and the ulnar half of flexor digitorum profundus m. in the forearm

28
Q

the axillary n. (C5-C6) is formed from the ____ cord; circles behind the ___ in the _____

A

posterior; humerus; quadrangular space

29
Q

what does the axillary n. innervate?

A

deltoid and teres minor mm.

30
Q

the radial n. (C5-T1) is formed from the ____ cord; it passes posterior to the humerus in the ____ and within the ____

A

posterior; radial groove; triangular interval

31
Q

radial n. is the major n. of the ____ and ____

A

posterior arm; forearm

32
Q

what does the radial n. innervate?

A

all muscles in the posterior arm and forearm plus half of the brachialis m.

33
Q

other nerves of the brachial plexus are formed directly from ___, ____, and ____

A

rami; trunks; cords

34
Q

other nerves of the brachial plexus include: ____, ____, ____ and additional nn.

A

upper plexus nn; pectoral nn; lower plexus nn

35
Q

upper plexus includes branches from ____

A

C5-C7

36
Q

pectoral nn. are from ____

A

upper and lower trunks

37
Q

lower plexus nerves are from the ____ portions of all 3 trunks

A

posterior

38
Q

upper plexus nn. include:

A

dorsal scapular n. (C5)
long thoracic n. (C5-C7)
suprascapular n. (C5-C6)

39
Q

dorsal scapular n. innervates?

A

rhomboid and levator scapulae mm.

40
Q

long thoracic n. innervates?

A

serratus anterior m.

41
Q

suprascapular n. innervates?

A

supraspinatus and infraspinatus mm.

42
Q

pectoral nn. include:

A

lateral pectoral n. (C5-C7)

medial pectoral n. (C8-T1)

43
Q

lateral pectoral n. innervates?

A

pectoralis major m.

44
Q

medial pectoral n. innervates?

A

pectoralis major and minor mm.

45
Q

lower plexus nn. include:

A

upper subscapular n. (C5-C6)
thoracodorsal n. (C6-C8)
lower subscapular n. (C5-C6)

46
Q

upper subscapular n. innervates?

A

subscapularis m.

47
Q

thoracodorsal n. innervates?

A

latissimus dorsi m.

48
Q

lower subscapular n. innervates?

A

subscapularis and teres major mm.

49
Q

additional brachial plexus nn. include:

A

nerve to subclavius m. (C5-C6)
medial brachial cutaneous n. (C8-T1)
medial antibrachial cutaneous n. (C8-T1)

50
Q

nerve to subclavius innervates?

A

subclavius m.

51
Q

medial brachial cut. n. innervates?

A

sensory to medial arm

52
Q

medial antibrachial cut. n. innervates?

A

sensory to medial forearm

Anatomy (34 decks)

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