Male Repro Histo Flashcards
components of the male reproductive system
testes, passageways, accessory glands, and penis
testes have endocrine function, as they produce ____, primarily ____ through steroidogenesis
androgens; testosterone
testes have exocrine function, as they produce ____
sperm (aka spermatozoa)
spermatogenesis (production of spermatozoa) steps:
- spermatogonial phase
- spermatocyte phase
- spermatid phase
spermatogonial phase is spermatogonia undergoing ____ and going from spermatogonia to ____
mitosis; spermatocytes
spermatocyte phase is spermatocytes undergoing ____ and going from spermatocytes to ____
meiosis I and II; spermatids
spermatid phase is also called ____; it is a ____ process in which spermatids become ____
spermiogenesis; maturation; spermatozoa
_____ is from spermatogonia to spermatids and includes both the spermatogonial and spermatocyte phases
spermatocytogenesis
seminiferous tubules lined by a complex ____ epithelium
stratified
two cells found in seminiferous tubules
- sertoli cells (supporting or sustentacular cells)
2. spermatogenic cells
types of spermatogenic cells
spermatogonia, primary spermatocytes, secondary spermatocytes, spermatids
types of spermatogonia
- type A dark (Ad) spermatogonia
- type A pale (Ap) spermatogonia
- type B spermatogonia
spermatozoa move from:
seminiferous tubules –> straight tubules (tubuli recti) –> rete testis –> efferent ductules
intratesticular ducts are:
- straight tubules (aka tubuli recti)
2. rete testis
straight tubules are short straight tubules lined only with ____ cells; at very end switch to ___ epithelium with underlying ____
Sertoli; cuboidal; dense connective tissue
interconnected network of channels lined with cuboidal epithelium or low columnar epithelium (or even simple squamous) with underlying dense connective tissue; epithelial cells have a single apical cilium and a few short apical microvilli
rete testis
____ leave the testes and enter the head of the epididymis
efferent ductules
efferent ductules are lined with ____ epithelium with groups of nonciliated cuboidal cells with microvilli alternating with groups of taller ciliated cells
pseudostratified columnar
some ____ oriented ____ muscle cells can be found around the efferent ductules; they carry sperm to duct of the ____
circularly; smooth; epididymis
highly coiled; lined with pseudostratified columnar epithelium composed of rounded basal cells and columnar cells with stereocilia (known as principal cells); surrounded by smooth muscle cells; 4-5 meters in length; storage and completion of maturation process occurs here
ductus epididymis
lined with pseudostratified columnar epithelium with sparse stereocilia; muscularis has three layers of smooth muscle; mucosa lies in longitudinal folds; narrow lumen and with thick, muscular wall; long, straight tube, which is part of spermatic cord
ductus deferens or vas deferens
dilated area of vas deferens where epithelium is thicker and more folded
ampulla
portion of the ductus deferens in prostate gland; after the seminal vesicles join; no muscular layer.
ejaculatory duct
prostatic urethra lined with ____
transitional epithelium
the membranous urethra is lined with ____ or ____
stratified columnar epithelium; pseudostratified columnar epithelium
spongy or penile urethra is lined by ____
pseudostratified columnar epithelium
the male accessory glands produce ____, the medium in which sperm leaves the male body
seminal fluid
male accessory glands include:
- seminal vesicles
- prostate gland
- bulbourethral glands
two highly tortuous tubular glands lined with simple columnar epithelium or pseudostratified columnar epithelium rich in secretory granules; smooth muscle in inner circular and outer longitudinal arrangement; thin folds seen in lumen to increase secretory surface area
seminal vesicles
the seminal vesicles join with the ____ to form the ____
ampulla of the vas deferens; ejaculatory duct
collection of 30-50 tubuloalveolar glands embedded in a dense fibromuscular stroma; covered by a fibroelastic capsule
prostate gland
the prostate gland contains ____ or ____ and empties into the prostatic urethra
corpora amylacea; prostatic concretions
bulbourethral glands or cowper’s glands are ____ glands lined with mucous secreting simple columnar epithelium
compound tubuloalveolar
bulbourethral glands located in ____ and empty into the proximal part of the ____
urogenital diaphragm; penile urethra
the dorsal paired cylinders of erectile tissue of the penis are the ____ and the single ventral cylinder is the ____ which surrounds the spongy urethra (majority lined with ____, very end lined with ____)
corpora cavernosa; corpus spongiosum; pseudostratified columnar epithelium; stratified squamous epithelium
