Histo of the Urinary System Flashcards
the kidneys filter ____, ___, ____, and ____ from the blood to keep it pure
toxins; metabolic wastes; excess water; excess ions
kidneys dispose of ____ wastes from the blood such as:
nitrogenous wastes such as urea, uric acid, and creatinine
the kidneys regulate the balance of ___ and ___/ ___ and ____
waster; electrolytes; acids; bases
the base of the renal pyramids faces the ___ and the apex is the ____
cortex; renal papilla
____ are between renal pyramids
renal columns
the renal cortex contains renal ____ and associated tubules
corpuscles
the renal medulla has ____, ____, and ____
straight tubules; collecting ducts; vasa recta
a renal lobe consists of a renal ____, its overlying ____, and one half of each adjacent renal ____
pyramid; renal cortex; columns
the glomerular capillary bed is unusual in having arterioles going both to it (____) and away from it (_____) instead of a vein going away from it as most; also unusual in having two capillary beds in series (one following the other)
afferent; efferent
path of the vasculature of the kidneys
aorta, renal a, segmental a, interlobar a, arcuate a, interlobar a, afferent arteriole, glomerulus (capillaries), efferent arteriole, peritubular capillaries and vasa recta, interlobar v, arcuate v, interlobar v, renal v, IVC
in filtration, fluid is squeezed out of the ____
glomerular capillary bed
in reabsorption, most nutrients, water, and essential ions are returned to the blood of the ____
peritubular capillaries
secretion moves additional undesirable molecules into ___ from blood of ____
tubule; peritubular capillaries
two parts of the nephron
renal corpuscle and renal tubule
____ is where tubular reabsorption and secretion occurs
renal tubule
each nephron will drain into a _____
collecting tubule
nephron plus its collecting tubule form the _____
uriniferous tubule
type of nephron in which the renal corpuscle is located near the medulla, but still in the cortex
juxtamedullary nephron
____ have their loop of Henle in the renal medulla near its junction with the renal cortex, while ____ have their loop of Henle deep in the medulla
cortical nephrons; juxtamedullary nephrons
the renal corpuscle is where ____ occurs
glomerular filtration
two components to the renal corpuscle
- glomerulus
- Bowman’s capsule (glomerular capsule)
tuft of capillaries composed of 10 to 20 capillary loops.
glomerulus
the glomerular capillaries are supplied by an ____ and drained by an ____
afferent arteriole; efferent arteriole
double-walled epithelial cup that surrounds the glomerulus
bowman’s capsule
there is an internal or ___ layer of bowman’s capsule and an external or ____ layer
visceral; parietal