VITAMIN AND MINERAL FORTIFICATION AND SUPPLEMENTATION Flashcards
WHAT IS FOOD FORTIFICATION?
REGULATED ADDITION OF ONE OR MORE ESSENTIAL NUTRIENTS TO A FOOD, FOR THE PURPOSE OF PREVENTING OR CORRECTING A DEMONSTRATED DEFICIENCY IN A POPULATION OR SPECIFIC POPULATION GROUPS (SOMETIMES DONE BY LAW SOMETIMES VOLUNTARY)
VOLUNTARY ADDITION OF MINERALS AND VITAMINS STILL CONTINUES FOR WHICH FOOD PRODUCTS?
E.G. CEREAL, MILK SUBSTITUTES
MARGARINE IS FORTIFIED WITH?
VIT D AND A
WHAT IS FLOUR FORTIFIED WITH?
CALCIUM, IRON, NIACIN, THIAMINE
WHAT ARE THE RICHEST SOURCES OF FOLATE?
GREEN VEGETABLES, NUTS, WHOLEGRAIN CEREAL..
RECOMMENDED SUPPLEMENTATION OF FOLIC ACID FOR WOMEN PLANNING PREGNANCY AND IN THEIR 1ST TRIMESTER?
400 MICROGRAMS
WHAT PERCENTAGE OF WOMEN OF CHILD BEARING AGE HAVE FOLATE LEVELS LOW ENOUGH TO MAKE THEM AT RISK OF NTDs?
90%
LATEST FOLATE FORTIFICATION DECISION IN THE UK?
SEPTEMBER 2021; ANNOUNCED THAT NON WHOLEMEAL FLOUR WILL BE FORTIFIED WITH FOLATE
FLOUR FOLATE FORTIFICATION IS PREDICTED TO REDUCE NTDs BY?
20% (200 babies per year)
WHAT PERCENTAGE OF ADULTS HAVE A LOW SERUM VIT D LEVEL (<25nmol/L)?
20%
ADVICE ON VIT D SUPPLEMENTATION?
ALL ADULTS AND CHILDREN OVER THE AGE OF 5 SHOULD TAKE A SUPPLEMENT OF 10 micrograms/day IN WINTER
WHY DO MANUFACTURERS VOLUNTARILY FORTIFY SOME PRODUCTS?
TO IMPROVE NUTRIENT CONTENT (E.G. IN MILK REPLACEMENT) OR TO INCREASE APPEAL OF PRODUCTS
WHAT ARE HEALTH CLAIMS NOT ALLOWED TO CLAIM?
THAT THEY CAN PREVENT, CURE OR TREAT A DISEASE
HOW IS B12 ABSORBED?
B12 IS COMBINED WITH A PROTEIN PRODUCED BY THE PARIETAL CELLS IN THE GASTRIC MUCOSA CALLED INSTRINSIC FACTOR; THIS COMPLEX IS THEN ABSORBED IN THE TERMINAL ILEUM
WHICH PROTEIN FACILITATES B12 ABSOPRTION?
INTRINSIC FACTOR PROTEIN
WHAT IS THE EXACT SITE OF VIT B12 ABSOPRTION?
TERMINAL ILEUM
AVERAGE AGE OF COELIAC DISEASE DIAGNOSIS?
40-60 Y.O.
COELIAC DISEASE PREVALENCE?
1:100 PEOPLE
ESTIMATED AMOUNT OF UNDIAGNOSED PEOPLE WITH COELIAC DISEASE?
1/3
WHAT PERCENTAGE OF GLUTEN FREE PRODUCTS ARE FORTIFIED?
5-20%
RECOMMENDED CALCIUM INTAKE FOR PEOPLE WITH COELIAC COMPARED TO GENERAL POPULATION?
1000mg/day (vs normally 700)
REQUIREMENTS FOR GF FOOD FORTIFICATION?
CURRENTLY NONE
VEGAN DIET RECOMMENDED SUPPLEMENTATION/FORTIFICATION/PAYING SPECIFIC ATTENTION TO ENSURING SUFFICIENT INTAKE ?
B12, D, calcium, iodine and selenium
WHAT IS THE NAME OF THE SUPPLEMENT CREATED SPECIFICALLY FOR VEGAN DIET AND WHAT DOES IT CONTAIN?
VEG-1, CONTAINS B12, D, B2, B6, FOLATE, IODINE, SELENIUM
RECOMMENDED SUPPLEMENTATION AFTER SLEEVE GASTRECTOMY OR GASTRIC BYPASS?
LONG TERM SUPPLEMENTATION RECOMMENDED (MULTI VIT AND MINERAL MIX, CALCIUM, VIT D, IRON + 3 MONTHLY B12 INJECTIONS)
