THE DIETETIC MANAGEMENT OF OBESITY

Question 1

HEALTHY BMI:

Answer 1

18.5-24.9 kg/m2

Question 2

NICE OBESITY CLASSIFCATIONS BY BMI?

Answer 2

OBESITY I: 30-34.9
OBESITY II: 35-39.9
OBESITY III: 40+

Question 3

CHILDREN FROM DEPRIVED FAMILIES ARE HOW LIKELY TO DEVELOP OBESITY COMPARED TO OTHER CHILDREN?

Answer 3

TWICE AS LIKELY

Question 4

PERCENTAGE OF OVERWEIGHT ADULTS IN THE UK?

Answer 4

63%

Question 5

IF PEOPLE HAVE BMI OF LESS THAN 35, WHICH ADDITIONAL MEASUREMENT IS HELPFUL INDICATION OF OBESITY RELATED HEALTH PROBLEMS AND WHY?

Answer 5

WAIST CIRCUMFERENCE BECAUSE IT PROVIDES AN INDICATION OF TOTAL BODY FAT

Question 6

UP TO HOW MANY VARIABLES INTERACT TO INFLUENCE THE LIKELIHOOD OF GAINING WEIGHT?

Answer 6

100

Question 7

AETIOLOGY OF OBESITY?

Answer 7

LONG TERM EXCESS CONSUMPTION OF ENERGY RELATIVE TO ENERGY EXPENDITURE

Question 8

SOME CAUSES OF OBESITY:

Answer 8

GENETICS, NUTRITION, EXERCISE LEVELS, ADDICTION, SES, EDUCATION, UPBRINGING, HORMONES, CULTURE…

Question 9

100 EXTRA CAL PER DAY WILL LEAD TO ANNUAL WEIGHT GAIN OF?

Answer 9

5 KG

Question 10

DIET INDUCED THERMOGENESIS?

Answer 10

THE INCREASE IN ENERGY EXPENDITURE ABOVE BASAL FASTING LEVEL DIVIDED BY THE ENERGY CONTENT OF THE FOOD INGESTED, EXPRESSED AS A PERCENTAGE

Question 11

MAIN NUTRIENT DIGESTION ENERGY EXPENDITURE FROM HIGHEST TO LOWEST?

Answer 11

PROTEIN>CARBS>FAT

Question 12

WHICH MAIN NUTRIENT REDUCES APPETITE THE MOST?

Answer 12

PROTEIN

Question 13

ALL WEIGHT REDUCING DIETS AIM TO:

Answer 13

REDUCE ENERGY INPUT (CALORIE INTAKE)

Question 14

MULTI-COMPONENT PROGRAMME IS MOST EFFECTIVE FOR WEIGHT LOSS. WHAT DOES IT INCLUDE?

Answer 14

ADVICE ON NUTRITION, EXERCISE AND PSYCHOLOGY

Question 15

WHICH PERCENTAGE OF WEIGHT LOSS CAN ALREADY BE CLINICALLY BENEFICIAL IF MAINTAINED?

Answer 15

5% (5-10%)

Question 16

WHEN TRYING TO LOSE WEIGHT, IT IS IMPORTANT TO REDUCE ENERGY DENSITY. WHAT DOES THAT MEAN?

Answer 16

REDUCE THE CALORIE CONTENT WHILST STILL HAVING A REASONABLE QUANTITY OF FOOD

Question 17

CAL/g IN ALCOHOL?

Answer 17

7

Question 18

VERY LOW CALORIE DIET/ TOTAL DIET REPLACEMENT?

Answer 18

• EATING SHAKES AND BARS
• 450-800 kcal per day
• FAST WEIGHT LOSS
• SHAKES TAKE AWAY ANY FOOD DECISIONS
• CAN REINTRODUCE FOOD WITH AIM OF RESETTING HABITS
• LONG TERM SUPPORT PROVIDED TO PEOPLE AFTERWARDS

Question 19

A WEIGHT LOSS OF 15KG USING TDR LEADS TO REMISSION OF T2D IN WHAT PERCENTAGE OF SUBJECTS?

Answer 19

80%

Question 20

WHAT ARE FAD DIETS?

Answer 20

DIETS WITH ANY OF THESE CHARACTERISTICS CAN BE DANGEROUS:

• DIETS THAT BECOME POPULAR QUICKLY AND FOR A SHORT PERIOD OF TIME
• MAKE UNREALISTIC PROMISES
• ARE HIGHLY RESTRICTIVE
• PROMOTE THE IDEA OF SHORT TERM BUT INCREDIBLY DIFFICULT DIETING AS THE ONLY OPTIONS
• ARE PROMOTED BY CELEBRITIES AND NON HCPs

Question 21

HOW TO REDUCE WEIGHT BIAS AND OBESITY STIGMA?

Answer 21

• RECOGNIZE THAT MANY PATIENTS WITH OBESITY HAVE TRIED TO LOSE WEIGHT REPEATEDLY
• ACKNOWLEDGE THE DIFFICULTY OF ACHIEVING SUSTAINABLE AND SIGNIFICANT WEIGHT LOSS
• CONSIDER PATIENTS WHO HAD NEGATIVE EXPERIENCES WITH HCPs
• SHOW SENSITIVITY AND EMPTY
• EMPHASIZE THE IMPORTANCE OF REALISTIC AND SUSTAINABLE CHANGE

Question 22

HOW DOES ENVIRONMENT NEGATIVELY IMPACT FOOD CONSUMPTION?

Answer 22

• HIGH CALORIE PROCESSED FOODS OFTEN THE CHEAPEST
• LARGE PORTIONS REPRESENT GOOD VALUE
• COMMERCIAL PROMOTION OF HFSS FOODS
• INCREASED EATING OUT/TAKE AWAYS
• DIFFICULT TO HAVE THE WILLPOWER IN CERTAIN SOCIAL SETTINGS

Question 23

HOW DOES ENVIRONMENT NEGATIVELY IMPACT PHYSICAL ACTIVITY?

Answer 23

• INCREASED URBANIZATION
• LESS ACTIVE TRANSPORT
• INCREASED SCREEN TIME
• MORE SEDENTARY JOBS