T2D PREVENTION

Question 1

HOW MANY ADULTS WITH DIABETES LIVE IN LOW- AND MIDDLE- INCOME COUNTRIES?

Answer 1

4/5, 81%

Question 2

HOW MANY DEATHS IS DIABETES RESPONSIBLE FOR ANNUALLY?

Answer 2

6.7 MILLION

Question 3

HOW MANY DEATHS IS DIABETES RESPONSIBLE FOR ANNUALLY?

Answer 3

6.7 MILLION

Question 4

HOW MANY PEOPLE IN ENGLAND ARE AT AN INCREASED RISK OF DIABETES?

Answer 4

OVER 10 MILLION

Question 5

HOW MANY PEOPLE WITH DIABETES DIE PREMATURELY EVERY WEEK IN THE UK?

Answer 5

500

Question 6

% OF DIALYSIS PATIENTS THAT HAVE DIABETES?

Answer 6

50%

Question 7

WHICH ETHNIC MINORITY GROUP IN THE UK IS AT A PARTICULARLY HIGH RISK OF T2D?

Answer 7

SOUTH ASIANS

Question 8

GLUCOSE LEVELS AFTER FASTING THAT INDICATE IMPAIRED FASTING GLUCOSE?

Answer 8

6.1-6.9 mmol/L

Question 9

GLUCOSE LEVELS IN OGTT WHICH INDICATE IMPAIRED GLUCOSE TOLERANCE?

Answer 9

7.8-11.0 mmol/L

Question 10

WHICH LEVEL OF HBA1C INDICATE RISK OF DIABETES?

Answer 10

6.0-6.4% OR 42-47 mmol7mol

Question 11

WHAT IS GESTATIONAL DIABETES MELITUS?

Answer 11

GLUCOSE INTOLERANCE RESULTING IN HYPERGLYCAEMIA WHICH BEGINS OR IS 1ST DIAGNOSED IN PREGNANCY AND RESOLVED POST PARTUM. RESULT OF MATERNAL BETA CELL INABILITY TO ADEQUATELY ADJUST TO NATURAL INSULIN RESISTANCE IN PREGNANCY

Question 12

WHY IS FETAL INSULIN INCREASED IN GDM?

Answer 12

BECAUSE MATERNAL EXCESSIVE GLUCOSE IS CROSSING THE PLACENTA (AND MATERNAL INSULIN CAN’T DO THAT) THIS LEADS FETAL PANCREAS TO PRODUCE EXCESSIVE INSULIN IN RESPONSE

Question 13

DIFFERENCES IN LIFE EXPECTANCY IN WARWICKSHIRE DUE TO DEPRIVATION ARE UP TO?

Answer 13

19 YRS

Question 14

WHY IS IT BENEFICIAL FOR INTERVENTIONS FOR T2D PREVENTION TO FOCUS ON HEALTH OF YOUNG WOMEN PRE PREGNANCY?

Answer 14

BECAUSE GESTATIONAL DIABETES AND T2D HAS CONSEQUENCES ON THE MOTHER BUT THE CHILD AS WELL. THE CHILD IS MORE LIKELY TO HAVE DIABETES AND CVD WHICH COULD TRANSLATE ON THE NEXT GENERATION AND SO ON

Question 15

% OF PREGNANCIES IN DEVELOPED COUNTRIES THAT ARE UNPLANNED?

Answer 15

45-50%

Question 16

TARGETING HEALTH OF YOUNG WOMEN TO PREVENT T2D BY PREVENTING COMPLICATIONS OF DIABETES ON OFFSPRING AND FUTURE GENERATIONS IS WHAT TYPE OF INTERVENTION?

Answer 16

PRIMORDIAL

Question 17

% OF T2D CASES THAT COULD BE PREVENTED OR DELAYED?

Answer 17

MORE THAN 50%

Question 18

REDUCTION OF DIABETES RISK BY USING METFORMIN IS?

Answer 18

31%

Question 19

REDUCTION OF DIABETES RISK BY LIFESTYLE CHANGES IS?

Answer 19

58%

Question 20

THE MAIN OBSERVABLE HEALTH INEQUALITIES IN DIABETES RELATE TO?

Answer 20

RELATE TO WHICH POPULATIONS DEVELOP THE DISEASE

Question 21

WHAT IS NHS HEALTH CHECK?

Answer 21

• HEALTH CHECK UP FOR ADULTS IN ENGLAND AGED 40-74

- DESIGNED TO SPOT EARLY SIGNS OF STROKE, KIDNEY DISEASE, HEART DISEASE, T2D OR DEMENTIA

Question 22

OMNIVORES ARE?

Answer 22

ORGANISMS THAT EAT PLANTS AND ANIMALS

Question 23

HOW MANY TIMES IS RISK FOR DEVELOPING DIABETES HIGHER IN OVERWEIGHT AND OBESE POPULATIONS COMPARED TO HEALTHY WEIGHT?

Answer 23

3 AND 7 TIMES

Question 24

UK SOUTH ASIAN CHILDREN ARE HOW MANY TIMES MORE LIKELY TO DEVELOP DIABETES THAN OTHER CHILDREN?

Answer 24

13 TIMES

Question 25

IF A CHILD IS OBESE BEFORE THE AGE OF 5, WHAT’S THEIR CHANCE OF BEING OBESE IN ADOLESCENCE?

Answer 25

75%

Question 26

ADULT SOUTH ASIAN POPULATIONS AND BLACK POPULATIONS ARE HOW MANY TIMES MORE LIKELY TO DEVELOP T2D THAN THE WHITE POPULATION?

Answer 26

6 AND 3 TIMES MORE LIKELY

Question 27

DIABETES PREVENTION PROGRAMME IN THE UK:

Answer 27

• TARGET POPULATION ARE PEOPLE LIVING IN DEPRIVED AREAS AND PROTECTED GROUPS (BAME)
• 9 MONTH SUPPORTED LIFESTYLE INTERVENTION FOR THOSE AT HIGH RISK (WEIGHT, NUTRITION, PHYSICAL ACTIVITY)

Question 28

INEQUALITIES THAT PERSIST IN UK DIABETES PREVENTION PROGRAMME?

Answer 28

• INEQUALITIES IN UPTAKE (LESS UPTAKE IN <65 AGE GROUP)
• INEQUALITIES IN COMPLETION RATE (LOWER IN BAME)
• THE PROGRAMME STILL PERFORMS POORLY WHEN IT COMES TO ACCESSING THOSE AT HIGHEST RISK