MENTAL HEALTH CONSEQUENCES OF MALNUTRITION Flashcards
WHAT IS THE MOST SEVERE FORM OF FOOD INSECURITY?
FAMINES
CRITERIA FOR CALLING SOMETHING A ‘FAMINE’?
- AT LEAST 20% OF HOUSEHOLDS IN THE AREA FACE EXTREME FOOD SHORTAGES WITH A LIMITED ABILITY TO COPE
- ACUTE MALNUTRITION RATES EXCEED 30%
- DEATH RATE RELATED TO MALNUTRITION EXCEEDS 2/10 000 PER DAY
DID THE DUTCH FAMINE AFFECT IQ OF THOSE AFFECTED BY THE FAMINE IN UTERO?
NO
ADULTS EXPOSED TO DUTCH FAMINE IN UTERO HAD INCREASED RISK OF DIAGNOSIS OF WHICH MENTAL HEALTH RELATED DISORDERS?
SCHIZOPHRENIA AND ANTISOCIAL PERSONALITY DISORDER
AFFECTIVE DISORDERS VS PSYCHOTIC DISORDERS; EXPOSURE TO FAMINE AT WHICH STAGE OF PREGNANCY INCREASES THE RISK FOR DEVELOPMENT OF THESE?
AFFECTIVE DISORDERS; 2ND AND 3RD TRIMESTERS
PSYCHOTIC DISORDERS; ANY TIME DURING PREGNANCY (ANY TRIMESTER)
SIGNIFICANTLY INCREASED RISK FOR PERSONALITY DISORDER OCCURS WHEN ONE IS EXPOSED TO FAMINE IN UTERO DURING WHICH TRIMESTER?
1ST
FOOD RATIONS OF LESS THAN HOW MANY CALORIES HAVE BEEN ASSOCIATED WITH INCREASED SCHIZOPHRENIA RISK?
1000 kcal/day
FOLATE IS RELATED TO REDUCING THE RISK AND IMPROVING THE SYMPTOMS OF WHICH MAJOR MENTAL HEALTH DISORDER?
SCHIZOPHRENIA
% OF PEOPLE FACING FOOD INSECURITY IN SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA?
> 76%
THE PANDEMIC RESULTED IN ADDITIONAL HOW MANY PEOPLE LIVING IN EXTREME POVERTY?
140 MILLION
IN WHICH POPULATIONS DOES FOOD INSECURITY PARTICULARLY CONTRIBUTE TO ELEVATED RISK OF DEPRESSION AND STRESS?
> 65 Y.O.
MEN
IN THE ENGLISH AND ROMANIAN ADOPTEES STUDY, WHICH TIME SPENT IN THE ROMANIAN ORPHANAGES WAS REQUIRED TO OBSERVE SIGNIFICANT CHANGE IN MENTAL HEALTH AND BEHAVIOUR?
6 MONTHS
RAPID BRAIN GROWTH OCCURS DURING FIRST HOW MANY YEARS OF LIFE?
2
BY THE AGE OF 2, THE BRAIN REACHES WHAT PERCENTAGE OF ITS ADULT SIZE?
80%
WHICH MICRONUTRIENTS ARE MOST IMPORTANT FOR BRAIN AND MENTAL HEALTH IN PUBLIC HEALTH TERMS?
IRON, IODINE AND VIT A
PREVALENCE OF IRON DEFICIENCY IN SUB SAHARAN AFRICA AND SOUTH-EAST ASIA?
> 40%
WHEN DO TALKING THERAPIES USUALLY BEGIN IN EATING DISORDER UNITS IN HOSPITALS AND WHY?
ONLY AFTER THE PERSON IS GETTING ENOUGH NUTRITION AND HAS GAINED ENOUGH WEIGHT SO THE BRAIN IS NO LONGER STARVED. THIS IS BECAUSE THE STARVED BRAIN IS LESS PLASTIC AND RESPONDS LESS WELL TO TALKING TREATMENTS WHICH REQUIRE CHANGES TO BE MADE IN REFLECTIVE COGNITIVE FUNCTIONS
% OF HOMELESS VS HOUSED INDIVIDUALS WITH MENTAL ILLNESS DIAGNOSIS?
24% VS 4%
OPTIMIZING NUTRITION IN THE FIRST HOW MANY DAYS AFTER CONCEPTION IS A GLOBAL PRIORITY TO ENSURE HEALTHY NEURODEVELOPMENT?
1000 DAYS
EXAMPLES OF UNICEF WAYS (10) TO IMPROVE NUTRITION DURING FIRST 1000 DAYS AFTER CONCEPTION:
- PAID MATERNITY AND PATERNITY LEAVE
- NUTRITIOUS DIET FOR MOTHERS AND BABIES
- GOOD CARE DURING PREGNANCY
- JUST BREASTFEEDING FOR THE FIRST 6 MONTHS
- CONSTANT ACCESS TO NUTRITIOUS FOOD
- SOCIETAL INVESTING INTO WELLBEING OF ALL CHILDREN
- INTRODUCING FOOD TO BABIES AT THE RIGHT TIME
GOOD SOURCES OF FOLATE?
broccoli. brussels sprouts. leafy green vegetables, such as cabbage, kale, spring greens and spinach. peas. chickpeas and kidney beans.
ASSOCIATION BETWEEN ANXIETY&DEPRESSION AND ANOREXIA NERVOSA?
ANXIETY AND DEPRESSION OFTEN OCCUR BEFORE ANOREXIA AND A PERSON MANAGES TO SUPPRESS THE SYMPTOMS OF THOSE DISORDERS BY LOSING WEIGHT WHICH LEADS TO ANOREXIA
EARLY CHILDHOOD MALNUTRITION GENERALLY HAS A NEGATIVE IMPACT OF NEURODEVELOPMENT AND THIS PRESENTS ITSELF IN WHICH WAYS?
- LOWER IQ LEVELS
- IMPAIRED COGNITIVE FUNCTION
- LOWER SCHOOL ACHIEVEMENTS
- BEHAVIOURAL PROBLEMS
+ SOME DISADVANTAGES LAST INTO ADOLESCENCE (E.G. DEPRESSIVE SYMPTOMS) AND ADULTHOOD (E.G. ASD/ADHD)
