MULTI-LEVEL INTERVENTIONS FOR GDM AND MATERNAL+CHILDHOOD OBESITY

Question 1

HOW MANY LIVEBIRTHS GLOBALLY ARE AFFECTED BY GDM?

Answer 1

20 MILLION

Question 2

LOSS OF WHAT % OF BODY WEIGHT CAN LEAD TO REMISSION OF T2D?

Answer 2

10-15%

Question 3

1 IN HOW MANY UK WOMEN COMMENCE THEIR PREGNANCY WITH OBESITY?

Answer 3

1/5

Question 4

% OF WOMEN OF CHILDBEARING AGE IN ENGLAND THAT ARE OVERWEIGHT?

Answer 4

50%

Question 5

HOW MANY BIRTHS IN BRITAIN ARE UNPLANNED?

Answer 5

1/3

Question 6

WHICH GROUPS OF WOMEN ARE MORE LIKELY TO HAVE AN UNPLANNED PREGNANCY?

Answer 6

YOUNGER/OLDER WOMEN, ETHNIC MINORITY GROUPS, WOMEN WHO ENGAGE IN SUBSTANCE ABUSE..

Question 7

WHAT ARE THE PROBLEMS WITH IMPLEMENTING LIFESTYLE INTERVENTIONS PRE-REGNANCY?

Answer 7

• A LOT OF WOMEN GET PREGNANT UNPLANNED (45%)
• THERE IS LIMITED PRE CONCEPTION CARE
• UNCLEAR HOW LONG BEFORE PREGNANCY SHOULD PRE CONCEPTION CARE COMMENCE

Question 8

WHAT IS PRECONCEPTION PERIOD TRADITIONALLY CONSIDERED TO BE?

Answer 8

3 MONTHS PRE CONCEPTION

Question 9

PROBLEMS WITH IMPLEMENTING LIFESTYLE INTERVENTIONS DURING PREGNANCY?

Answer 9

• WRONG TIME TO ADDRESS LIFESTYLE; USUALLY NOT EFFECTIVE
• WOMEN HAVE TROUBLE ADHERING TO INTERVENTION PROTOCOLS
• INTERVENTIONS LACK PERSONALISATION
• SOME INTERVENTIONS BEGIN TOO LATE IN PREGNANCY TO BE BENEFICIAL, BUT A LOT OF WOMEN FEEL UNWELL/SICK IN EARLY STAGES OF PREGNANCY OR ARE UNAWARE THAT THEY’RE PREGNANT IN THE FIRST PLACE
• WOMEN MIGHT ALREADY BE STRUGGLING WITH THE IDEA OF WEIGHT GAIN, THIS COULD PUT ADDITIONAL PSYCHOLOGICAL PRESSURE

Question 10

PROBLEMS WITH IMPLEMENTING LIFESTYLE INTERVENTIONS DURING PREGNANCY?

Answer 10

• WRONG TIME TO ADDRESS LIFESTYLE; USUALLY NOT EFFECTIVE
• WOMEN HAVE TROUBLE ADHERING TO INTERVENTION PROTOCOLS
• INTERVENTIONS LACK PERSONALISATION
• SOME INTERVENTIONS BEGIN TOO LATE IN PREGNANCY TO BE BENEFICIAL, BUT A LOT OF WOMEN FEEL UNWELL/SICK IN EARLY STAGES OF PREGNANCY OR ARE UNAWARE THAT THEY’RE PREGNANT IN THE FIRST PLACE
• WOMEN MIGHT ALREADY BE STRUGGLING WITH THE IDEA OF WEIGHT GAIN, THIS COULD PUT ADDITIONAL PSYCHOLOGICAL PRESSURE

Question 11

POST PREGNANCY PERIOD IS CONSIDERED TO BE HOW LONG?

Answer 11

FROM GIVING BIRTH TO 6 WEEKS POST DELIVERY

Question 12

LIFESTYLE INTERVENTIONS AFTER PREGNANCY?

Answer 12

• COMMERICAL WEIGHT MANAGEMENT ORGANIZATIONS MIGHT BE MORE BENEFICIAL THAN NHS PROVIDERS
• INTERVENTIONS NEED TO BE ACCEPTABLE TO WOMEN WHO HAVE JUST GIVEN BIRTH (TIMING, ACCESS, CAN THEY BRING THEIR BABIES ETC)
• SHOULDN’T START TOO EARLY POST PARTUM (WAIT AT LEAST 2-3 MONTHS)
• EXCLUSIVE BREASTFEEDING FOR THE FIRST 6 MONTHS SHOULD BE IMPLEMENTED!!!!

Question 13

EXSLUCISVE BREASTFEEDING FOR THE FIRST 6 MONTHS POST DELIVERY: BENEFITS FOR THE MOTHER AND BABY:

Answer 13

MOTHER; SUPPORTS POSTNATAL WEIGHT MANAGEMENT, REDUCES BREAST AND OVARIAN CANCER RISK, REDUCES T2D RISK

CHILD: REDUCES RISK OF BEING OVERWEIGHT, REDUCES INFECTION RISK, ESTABLISHMENT OF MOTHER-BABY BOND

Question 14

UK BREATFEEDING RATES; AMONG HIGHEST OR LOWEST IN EUROPE?

Answer 14

LOWEST

Question 15

% OF UK WOMEN THAT BREASTFEED EXCLUSIVELY FOR THE FIRST 6 MONTHS?

Answer 15

1%

Question 16

WOMEN LIVING WITH HIGHER BMI AND OBESITY HAVE HIGHER OR LOWER RATES OF BREASTFEEDING?

Answer 16

LOWER

Question 17

PHYSICAL BARRIERS FOR BREASTFEEDING FOR OVERWEIGHT/OBESE WOMEN?

Answer 17

• DIFFICULTY OF POSITIONING TO BREASTFEED
• DELAYED ONSET OF LACTATION
• PERCEIVED INSUFFICIENT SUPPLY OF MILK
• IMPACT OF CAESAREAN BIRTH

Question 18

PSYCHOLOGICAL BARRIERS FOR BREASTFEEDING IN OVERWEIGHT AND OBESE MOTHERS?

Answer 18

• LOW CONFIDENCE IN ABILITY TO BREASTFEED
• NEGATIVE BODY IMAGE
• EMBARRASSMENT OF PUBLIC BREASTFEEDING
• EXPERIENCING OBESITY STIGMA