FOOD ELIMINATION AND REINTRODUCTION DIETS Flashcards
THE UK BRITISH DIETARY ASSOCIATION ADVISES THAT INDIVIDUALS WHO SUSPECT THEY HAVE A FOOD INTOLERANCE TAKE WHICH STEPS?
1) KEEP A FOOD DIARY (DETAILS OF WHICH FOOD ONE EATS AND ANY SYMPTOMS THEY HAVE AFTERWARDS)
2) TRIAL ELIMINATION DIET (AFTER A PERSON HAS AN IDEA OF WHICH FOODS MIGHT BE CAUSING THE PROBLEM, ELIMINATE THEM ONE AT THE TIME FOR 2-6 WEEKS AND SEE HOW THE SYMPTOMS CHANGE)
3) REINTRODUCTION PHASE (TRY THE FOOD AGAIN TO SEE IF THE SYMPTOMS RETURN)
HOW LONG SHOULD FOOD ELIMINATION WHEN TRYING TO CHECK FOR INTOLERANCE LAST?
2-6 WEEKS
IF SOMEONE SUSPECTS A FOOD ALLERGY, WHICH STEPS SHOULD THEY TAKE?
GET MEDICAL ATTENTION PROMPTLY!
WHAT IS THE LOW FODMAP DIET?
A TYPE OF FOOD ELIMINATION DIET LOOKING TO ELIMINATE SPECIFIC FOODS WHICH TRIGGER SYMPTOMS OF IBS
WHO DEVELOPED THE LOW FODMAP DIET?
A TEAM AT MONASH UNI IN MELBOURNE AUSTRALIA
WHAT ARE FODMAPs?
FERMENTABLE OLIGO DI MONOSACCHARIDES AND POLYOLS; SHORT CHAIN CARBOHYDRATES THAT ARE POORLY ABSORBED IN THE SMALL INTESTINE, CAN BE FOUND IN A RANGE OF FOODS
WHICH POLYOLS ARE DANGEROUS FOR PEOPLE WHO SHOULD FOLLOW A LOW FODMAP DIET?
SORBITOL AND MANNITOL
EXAMPLES OF OLIGO, DI AND MONOSACCHARIDES THAT SHOULD BE AVOIDED ON A LOW FODMAP DIET?
OLIGO: FRUCTANS (WHEAT, RYE, SOME VEG) + GALACTO-OLIGOSACCHARIDES (PULSES AND LEGUMES)
DI: LACTOSE
MONO: FREE FRUCTOSE (HONEY, SOME FRUIT AND FRUIT JUICE)
3 STAGES OF LOW FODMAP DIET?
1) RESTRICTION; THE INDIVIDUAL REDUCES THEIR FODMAP INTAKE BY AVOIDING FOODS THAT ARE HIGH IN FODMAPs FOR 4 TO 8 WEEKS
2) REINTRODUCTION; IF THE INDIVIDUAL’S SYMPTOMS HAVE IMPROVED FOLLOWING FODMAP RESTRICTION IT IS IMPORTANT TO REINTRODUCE SOME OF THE HIGH FODMAP FOODS TO IDENTIFY WHICH ONES THEY ARE MOST SENSITIVE TO AS WELL AS THE AMOUNT OF A HIGH FODMAP FOOD THAT WILL TRIGGER THEIR SYMPTOMS
3) PERSONALISATION; THE LONG TERM AIM OF A LOW FODMAP DIET IS TO PERSONALISE IT SO THE PERSON ONLY AVOIDS FOOD THAT TRIGGERS SYMPTOMS AND ENABLES THEM TO RETURN TO AS NORMAL DIET AS POSSIBLE
DO YOU NEED SUPERVISION TO BE ON A LOW FODMAP DIET?
YES, AS IT ISN’T STRAIGHTFORWARD SO IT SHOULD BE DONE UNDER MEDICAL ADVICE (REGISTERED DIETITIAN)
WHICH COMMERCIALLY AVAILABLE TESTS FOR FOOD INTOLERANCE AND HYPERSENSITIVITY ARE RECOMMENDED BY THE BRITISH DIETARY ASSOCIATION?
NONE, BECAUSE NONE ARE SCIENTIFICALLY PROVEN
EXAMPLES OF SOME COMMERCIALLY AVAILABLE TESTS FOR FOOD INTOLERANCE AND HYPERSENSITIVITY?
- KINESIOLOGY (TESTING PERSONS MUSCLE RESPONSE WHEN HOLDING THE SUSPECTED FOOD, HAS NO MERIT)
- HAIR ANALYSIS
- PROVOCATION-NEUTRALISATION TESTING
- IgG BLOOD TEST (INCREASED IgG IS CLAIMED TO SIGNIFY INTOLERANCE, BUT IgG ANTIBODIES TO FOOD ARE FOUND IN ALL HEALTHY ADULTS AND CHILDREN SO IT’S NOT RELIABLE)
- THE ATCAT (ANTIGEN LEUCOCYTE CELLULAR ANTIBODY TEST; PERSON’S WHITE BLOOD CELLS MIXED WITH THE FOOD TO SEE IF THEY CHANGE IN SIZE, NO SCIENTIFIC RATIONALE)
- ELECTRODERMAL (VEGA) TEST; MEASURES ELECTROMAGNETIC CONDUCTIVITY, CLAIMING THE OFFENDING FOOD WILL CREATE A DIP IN IT)
SOME OF THE COMMERCIALLY AVAILABLE TESTS FOR FOOD INTOLERANCE AND HYPERSENSITIVITY MEASURE LEVELS OF WHICH ANTIBODY?
IgG
WHICH COMMERCIALLY AVAILABLE TEST FOR FOOD INTOLERANCE OR HYPERSENSITIVITY USES PERSON’S WHITE BLOOD CELLS?
THE ATCAT (ANTIGEN LEUKOCYTE CELLULAR ANTIBODY TEST)
EXAMPLES OF FOOD THAT SHOULD BE AVOIDED ON A LOW FODMAP DIET?
GARLIC, ONIONS, PEAS, APPLE, PEACHES, WATERMELON, BATTERED AND BREADED FISH AND MEAT, LACTOSE CONTAINING PRODUCTS, ALMONDS, PISTACHIOS, CEREALS, PASTA, PIZZA, BREAD….
