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Microbiology > Virology - General Properties > Flashcards

Virology - General Properties Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Which virus have Ribosomes

A

No ribosomes except Arenavirus - contain non - functional ribosome (host ribosome)

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2
Q

Symmetry of DNA Viruses

A

Icosahedral Symmetry Except Poxvirus

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3
Q

Symmetry of Poxvirus

A

Complex symmetry

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4
Q

Helical symmetry is shown by

A

Some RNA Viruses
MRFAB
Myxovirus
Rhabdovirus
Filovirus
Arenavirus
Bunyavirus

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5
Q

Envelope of virus is made up of

A

Lipoprotein - Lipo from host and Protein from virus

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6
Q

Enveloped Viruses are sensitive to

A

Ether sensitive
Alcohol sensitive
Heat labile
Can be eliminated by hand sanitization

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7
Q

Examples of Non enveloped DNA Viruses

A

PAP
Parvovirus
Adenovirus
Papovavirus

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8
Q

Examples of Non enveloped RNA Viruses

A

PARCH
Picornavirus
Astrovirus
Reovirus
Calicivirus
Hep A
Hep E

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9
Q

Capsid means

A

The protein shell of a virus particle surrounding its nucleic acid.

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10
Q

Nucleocapsid means

A

Genome (nucleic acid) + Capsid

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11
Q

Envelope proteins are also known as

A

Peplomers

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12
Q

Virion means

A

Nucleic acid with Capsid

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13
Q

Viroid means

A

Naked ssRNA without capsid

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14
Q

Prion means

A

Misfolded proteins

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15
Q

Site of nucleic acid replication in DNA Viruses

A

Nucleus except Poxvirus

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16
Q

Site of nucleic acid replication in RNA Viruses and Exceptions

A

Cytoplasm except Retrovirus and Orthomyxovirus (Influenza)

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17
Q

Steps of Viral Replication

A

APPU on a BAR Stool
1) Attachment - most specific step, attachment betw virus and host
2) Penetration/Viropexia - Phagocytosis by Macrophages, Membrane fusion (HIV)
3) Uncoating - Capsule lysed by host lysoszymes
4) Biosynthesis - New virions synthesis
5) Assembly and Maturation
6) Release

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18
Q

Which step of Viral Replication is most specific

A

Attachment/Adsorption

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19
Q

Which step of viral Replication is absent in Bacteriophages

A

Uncoating

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20
Q

Eclipse phase means

A

Time between host entry and First virus formation

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21
Q

Eclipse phase in Bacteriophages and Animal virus last for

A

Bacteriophage: 15-30 min. (Uncoating absent)
Animal virus : 15-30 hrs

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22
Q

DNA Viruses includes

A

HHAPPPy
Hepadnaviridae (HBV)
Herpesviridae - HSV, HZV, EBV, CMV, HHV
Adenoviridae
Poxviridae - Variola, vaccinia, Molluscum
Papovaviridae - HPV, BK, JC, Polyoma
Parvoviridae
Bacteriophage

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23
Q

Size of viruses is determined by which Methods

A

Ultrafiltration
Ultracentrifugation
Electron microscopy

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24
Q

Size of virus ranges from

A

20nm to 300nm

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25
Q

Largest virus and its size

A

Poxvirus - 300nm

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26
Q

Smallest virus and its size

A

Parvovirus - 20nm

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27
Q

Shape of Rabies virus

A

Bullet shape

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28
Q

Shape of Coronavirus

A

Crown shape

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29
Q

Shape of Poxvirus

A

Box/Brick shape with Dumbell DNA core

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30
Q

Shape of Ebola virus

A

Bowl of spaghetti/Filamentous shape

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31
Q

Shape of Astrovirus

A

Star shape

32
Q

Shape of Rotavirus

A

Rotating wheel

33
Q

Shape of Adenovirus

A

Space vehicle shape

34
Q

Shape of Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV)

A

Rod shaped (Cigarette)

35
Q

Strand of DNA Viruses

A

All are dsDNA except Parvovirus

36
Q

Which only DNA virus contains ssDNA

A

Parvovirus

37
Q

RNA Viruses have how many copies of ssRNA and their segmentation

A

All RNA Viruses have one copy of ssRNA and are unsegmented With some exceptions

38
Q

Which RNA virus have 2 copies ssRNA and it’s unsegmented

A

Retrovirus

39
Q

Which RNA virus have dsRNA And it’s segmented

A

Reo/Rotavirus - 11 segments

40
Q

Which RNA virus have dsRNA And it’s segmented

A

Reo/Rotavirus

41
Q

Which RNA Viruses are segmented

A

BIRA
Bunyavirus
Influenzae (Orthomyxovirus)
Reo/Rotavirus
Arenavirus

42
Q

How many segments are there in Bunyavirus

A

3 segments

43
Q

How many segments are there in Influenza/Orthomyxovirus

A

8 segments

44
Q

How many segments are there in Reo/Rotavirus

A

11 segments

45
Q

How many segments are there in Arenavirus

A

2 segments

46
Q

All RNA Viruses are usually Positive sense RNA Except

A

MRFAB
Myxoviridae
Rhabdoviridae
Filovirus
Arenavirus
Bunyavirus

47
Q

Negative sense RNA can be converted into Positive sense RNA with the help of which enzyme

A

RNA Dependent RNA Polymerase (RdRP)

48
Q

Which virus have largest Genome

A

Retrovirus

49
Q

Which virus have smallest Genome

A

Hep D virus > Hep B virus

50
Q

Animal inoculation can be done for which viruses

A

Brain of suckling mice
Ex. Coxsackie A, B - A causes flaccid paralysis and B causes Spastic paralysis
Arbovirus

51
Q

Embryonated egg inoculation methods includes

A

Chorioallantoic Membrane
Yolk sac
Amniotic membrane
Allantoic cavity

52
Q

Chorioallantoic Membrane is needed to grow which viruses

A

Vaccinia
Variola
HSV 1 and 2

53
Q

Yolk sac is used to grow which organisms

A

CAR
Arbovirus
Chlamydia
Ricketssia

54
Q

Amniotic membrane is used for isolation of

A

Influenza isolation

55
Q

Allantoic cavity is used for which viruses

A

ALL Protective YARI
Rabies
Vaccine protection of Influenza
Rabies

56
Q

Cell line methods for tissue culture are classified into

A

Primary cell lines
Secondary cell lines
Continuos cell lines

57
Q

Divisions and Examples of Primary cell lines

A

5-10 divisions
Rhesus kidney cell line
Human amniotic cell line
Chick embryo fibroblast

58
Q

Divisions and Examples of Secondary cell lines

A

10-50 divisions
Human fibroblast cell line - CMV
MRC-5
WI38

59
Q

Divisions and Examples of Continous cell lines

A

Continous divisions
HeLa
Hep 2, KB
McKoy
Vero
Detroit 6
BHK

60
Q

Cytopathic effect or Inclusion bodies means

A

Effect of virus in a cell

61
Q

Intracytoplasmic Negri bodies are seen in which viral infection

A

Rabies - seen in cerebellum and Hippocampus

62
Q

Intracytoplasmic Paschen bodies are seen in

A

Variola

63
Q

Intracytoplasmic Guarnieri bodies are seen in

A

Vaccinia

64
Q

Intracytoplasmic Bollinger bodies are seen in

A

Fowlpox

65
Q

Intracytoplasmic Henderson Peterson Bodies (HP Bodies) are seen in

A

Molluscum Contagiosum - cup shaped lesion

66
Q

Intranuclear Cowdry Type A bodies seen in

A

HAY BAP
Yellow fever - Torres body
Herpes - Lipschultz body

67
Q

Intranuclear Cowdry Type B Bodies are seen in

A

HAY BAP
Adenovirus
Poliovirus

68
Q

Cytopathic effect seen im case of HSV Infection

A

3M phenomenon
Multinucleated, Moulding, Margination of chromatin + Cowdry A

69
Q

Both intracytoplasmic and Intranuclear inclusion bodies/Cytopathic effect can be seen in

A

OW CM
CMV - Owl eye inclusions
Measles - Wartin Finkaldey giant cells

70
Q

Assays to know infectivity of viruses

A

Physical Methods - PCR, E/M
Chemical Methods - Endpoint assays (Qualitative), Plaque and Pock Assay (Quantitative)

71
Q

Interferons are specific to

A

Cytokines produced by host
Host specific

72
Q

Types of Interferons

A

Interferon alpha
Interferon Beta
Interferon Gamma

73
Q

Source and Functions of Interferon alpha

A

Source - Leukocytes
Function - antiviral properties

74
Q

Source and Function of Interferon Beta

A

Source - Fibroblast
Functions - Antiviral properties, used for treatment of Multiple sclerosis

75
Q

Source and Function of Interferon gamma

A

Source - Th1 cells
Functions - For treatment of Chronic Granulomatous disease

Microbiology (37 decks)

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