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Microbiology > Arbovirus > Flashcards

Arbovirus Flashcards

1
Q

Arbovirus includes

A

Arthropod borne viruses
Bunyavirus
Togavirus
Flavivirus
Reoviridae
Rhabdoviridae

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2
Q

Togavirus is known to cause

A

TONGA CAR
Rubella virus
Chikungunya virus
Eastern equine encephalitis
Western equine encephalitis

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3
Q

Flavivirus is known to cause

A

Japanese encephalitis
Yellow fever
Zika
Dengue
West Nile fever

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4
Q

Reoviridae is known to cause

A

Colarado tick fever

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5
Q

Rhabdoviridae known to cause which disease (Arbovirus)

A

Vesicular stomatitis vurus (Sandfly)

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6
Q

Bunyaviridiae family is segmented or non segmented

A

Segmented - 3 segments

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7
Q

Bunyaviridiae family includes

A

Bunyavirus
Phlebovirus
Nairovirus
Hantavirus

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8
Q

Bunyavirus is known to cause and vector

A

California encephalitis - encephalitis
Aedes
ABCDE

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9
Q

Phlebovirus is known to cause and vectors

A

Sandfly fever - Sandfly
Rift valley fever - Aedes
Fever, Rhinitis, encephalitis

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10
Q

Nairovirus is known to cause and vector

A

Crimian congo hemorrhagic fever
Hard tick
Animal to human or human to human

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11
Q

Hantavirus is known to cause and associated with

A

Hantan Renal syndrome - Interstitial Nephritis
Hanta pulmonary syndrome - Interestital pneumonia
Associated with Hemorrhages and rodents

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12
Q

Vector of Eastern equine encephalitis

A

Aedes - 50 to 70% mortality

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13
Q

Vector of Western equine encephalitis

A

Culex

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14
Q

Incubation period of Dengue and Chikungunya

A

5-6 days

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15
Q

Incubation period or Japanese encephalitis and Yellow fever

A

JE - 5 to 15 days
Yellow fever - 3 to 6 days

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16
Q

Incubation period of Kyasanur forest disease

A

4-8 days

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17
Q

Vector of Chikungunya virus

A

Aedes

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18
Q

Clinical features seen in Chikungunya

A

Fever - Saddleback fever (Biphasic)
Migratory arthritis
+ Arthralgia (small joints)
Lymphadenopathy

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19
Q

Which sign is seen in Chikungunya virus

A

Chick sign - Post chikungunya Hyperpigmentation

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20
Q

Diagnosis of Chikungunya virus

A

Antibody - IgM in 4 days, upto 2 months (MAC-ELISA)
IgG in 2 weeks to years
RT PCR

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21
Q

Rubella virus is now part of which family

A

Matonaviridae

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22
Q

Rubella virus AKA

A

German measles or three day measles

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23
Q

Mode of transmission of Rubella virus

A

Respiratory droplets
Transplacental

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24
Q

Incubation period for Rubella infection

A

14 days

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25
Clinical features of Rubella infection
URTI Post auricular Lymphadenopathy Rash - last for 3 days, very similar ro Measles
26
Spots in Rubella infection
Forscheimers spots - seen on palate Non specific for Rubella
27
Clinical features of Congenital Rubella syndrome
Most dangerous trimester - 1st Baby excrete rubella virus in urine, saliva PYAR MEIN ANDHA BEHRA Patent ductus arteriosus SNHL Cataract Blueberry muffin baby
28
Diagnosis of Rubella virus
Cell lines No Cytopathic effect Antigen Antibody RT PCR
29
Diagnosis of Rubella in Pregnant lady
IgM indicates Acute/current infection IgG > 1:8 - past infection
30
Rubella vaccine, Strain and it's Contraindications
Live attenuated vaccine - C/I in Immunocompromised individual Strain - RAV27/3
31
Vector and their species for Japanese encephalitis virus
Culex - C. Tritaeniorhyncus - M/C in world C. Vishnui - M/C in India
32
Reservoir, amplifier and dead end hosts in case of Japanese encephalitis
Reservoir - ardied birds (Crane) Amplifier - Pigs Dead end hosts - Humans and animals
33
Clinical features of Japanese encephalitis virus
Prodromal symptoms (mild) Acute encephalitis Long term neurological deficit
34
Lab diagnosis and sample for Diagnosis of Japanese encephalitis virus
RT PCR (CSF)
35
Vaccine Prophylaxis in case of Japanese encephalitis virus
Live attenuated Inactivated vaccine
36
Live attenuated vaccine for Japanese encephalitis virus
SA 14-14-2 vaccine (M/c used in India)
37
Strains of Inactivated vaccine for Japanese encephalitis virus
Nakayama and Beijing P1 strain (mouse Brain derived and formalin inactivated) Beijing P3 strain (cell line derived)
38
Yellow fever genotypes, serotypes and endemic in
Genotypes 7 Serotype 1 Endemic in west africa and south America
39
Vector of yellow fever
Aedes Aegypti
40
Cycles of Yellow fever
Jungle cycle - Monkeys and forest mosquitos Urban cycle - Humans and urban mosquito
41
Mild and severe clinical features of Yellow fever
Mild - Fever with Bradycardia (Fagets sign), Myalgia Severe - Hemorrhagic manifestations (platelet dysfunction) Hepatitis - Midzonal necrosis
42
Unvaccinated traveler from yellow fever endemic zone to india need to
Quarantine for 6 days
43
Aedes aegypti index should be maintained around airports, seaports
Less than 1
44
Serology findings of Yellow fever
Serology - IgM (3 days of onset), Ig
45
Cytopathic effects seen in Yellow fever
Liver - Midzonal necrosis Body - Torres body
46
Vaccine used for Yellow fever, Route and it's Efficacy
Yellow fever 17D vaccine - live attenuated Prepared from allantoic cavity Route - s/c, single dose Efficacy -;7 days to 35 years
47
Contraindications of Yellow fever 17D vaccine
Less than 9 months Pregnancy HIV/Immunodeficiency Egg allergy Cholera and yellow fever vaccine can interacts together - there should be gap of 3 weeks
48
Vector, host of Monkey fever/Kyasanur forest disease
Hard tick Host - Monkey (Amplifier host)
49
Clinical features of Monkey fever/Kyasanur forest disease
Fever, Myalgia Mucosal and cutaneous hemorrhages
50
Season of Monkey fever
January - June
51
Vector of Zika flavivirus
Aedes
51
Transmission of Zika virus
Vector borne Transplacental Blood transfusion Sexual transmission
52
In case of mother to child transmission Zika virus deposits into
Hoffbeaur cells of placenta (Macrophages)
53
Clinical features of Congenital Zika virus infection
Eyes - Optic neuropathy, Congenital glaucoma Brain - Microcephaly, Ventriculomegaly
54
Clinical features seen in adults in case of Zika virus infection
Myalgia, Arthralgia, Rash CVS involvement CNS - Gullian barre Syndrome
55
Diagnosis of Zika virus
RT PCR (Blood, urine) IgM - Plaque reduction neutralisation test for confirmation of antibody
56
Most common mosquito borne infection and most rapidly spreading infection
Dengue
57
Most common Arbovirus found in India
Dengue virus
58
Serotypes of Dengue virus and which one is most dangerous
DEN 1 - DEN 4 Most dangerous - DEN 2
59
Recently new serotype of Dengue is found in
DEN - 5 in Bangkok
60
Antibodies dependent enhancement (ADE) means
Primary Dengue infection - secondary dengue infection (more severe) - because Antibody produced against 1st serotype will combine and protect 2nd serotype from immune system)
61
Clinical forms of Dengue
Dengue fever Dengue hemorrhagic fever Dengue shock syndrome
62
Dengue fever clinical features
High fever (breakbone/saddleback fever) Maculopapular rash - chest then upper limbs Frontal headache Muscle and joint pains
63
Dengue hemorrhagic fever Clinical features
Dengue fever + Platelet count <1 lac Platelet functional qualitative defects Positive torniquet test (>20 spots/inch) HCT rises by 20% (Hemoconcentration evidence)
64
Dengue shock Syndrome
Endothelial damage Dengue Hemorrhagic fever + Shock
65
WHO Grading Dengue fever
Fever with 2 or more following features - Headache, Retroorbital pain, Myalgia, Arthralgia Leukopenia, Thrombocytopenia (<1 lac), No evidence of plasma loss
66
WHO Grade 1 Dengue
Dengue Hemorrhagic fever Dengue fever + Torniquet sign +ve Thrombocytopenia, HCT Rises (>20%)
67
WHO grade 2 of Dengue
Grade 1 features + spontaneous bleeding
68
WHO Grade 3 of Dengue
Grade 2 + Circulatory failure (weak pulse , hypotension, Restlessness)
69
WHO grade 4 of Dengue
Dengue Shock Syndrome Profound shock with undetectable BP and pulse
70
Lab diagnosis methods of Dengue
PCR - Day 1 to 7 NS1 Antigen - +ve upto day 7 IgM -MAC ELISA - from day 7
71
Treatment of Dengue
Supportive treatment Platelets transfusion (single donor apheresis platelets) Fluids
72
Vaccine for Dengue
Dengraxia - gives protection against all 4 serotypes (D1 to D4)
73
Aedes mosquito features
Aedes aegypti, Aedes albopictus Tiger mosquito Day time biters Peak - Dawn and dusk Cigar shaped eggs Transovarial transmission in mosquito
74
Diseases transmitted by Aedes as a vector
AEDEEZ CCRYD EE - Eastern equine encephalitis Z - Zika virus C - California encephalitis C - Chikungunya R - Rift valley fever Y - Yellow fever D - Dengue fever

Microbiology (37 decks)

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