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Microbiology > Vibrio And non fermenters > Flashcards

Vibrio And non fermenters Flashcards

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1
Q

Classification of Vibrio

A

Halophilic - need salt 7-10%
Non - Halophilic - cannot grow at high salt

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2
Q

Halophilic Vibrio includes

A

V. Parahemolyticus
V. Alginolyticus
V. Vulnificus

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3
Q

Non Halophilic Vibrio includes

A

V. Cholerae
V. Mimicus

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4
Q

Gardener and Venkatraman classification of Vibrio

A

Vibrio - Vibrio cholera : 1) O1 2)O139 3) O2-O138
O1 is further classified into
Classical
Eltor and
Eltor variants

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5
Q

Eltor for any test
For any sensitivity
For carriers

A

Test - Positive
Sensitivity - Resistant
Carriers - more

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6
Q

Infectivity dose of Vibrio cholera

A

10^8 CFU/ml - high infectivity dose (most of Vibrio killed by acid in stomach)

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7
Q

In cholera, mucus is crossed by which enzyme

A

Mucinase

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8
Q

Intestinal epithelial adhesion in cholera is done with the help of

A

Toxin coregulated pilus (TCP)

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9
Q

Which toxin breaks tight junctions in case of cholera

A

Zona occludens toxin

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10
Q

Cholera toxin is coded by which gene

A

CTx gene

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11
Q

Cholera toxin mechanism of action

A

Fragment A : MOA - Activates adneylate cyclase - increases cAMP - phosphorylation of CFTR - ions secreted in lumen - Rice water stool
Fragment B - Binds to GM1 ganglioside

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12
Q

Which toxin increases cAMP

A

CAMP
Cholera toxin
Anthrax toxin
ETEC (labile)
Pertussis

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13
Q

Incubation period of Cholera

A

1-5 days

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14
Q

Carrier of Cholera

A

Eltor&raquo_space; Classical

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15
Q

Clinical features of Cholera

A

Rice water stools - Sudden onset, mucus flakes, fishy odor

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16
Q

Transport medium used for Diagnosis of cholera

A

Venkatraman Ramakrishna medium
Carry Blair medium

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17
Q

Microscopic Findings of V. Cholera

A

Comma shaped, curved Gram -ve organism
Fish in stream appearance

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18
Q

Motility shown by V Cholera

A

Darting/Shooting star Motility
Monotrichous flagella
Fish in stream appearance

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19
Q

MacConkey agar finding for V. Cholera

A

Non lactose fermenter

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20
Q

Blood agar and Nutrient agar findings for V Cholera

A

Blood agar - Greenish Hemolysis
Nutrient agar - Translucent colonies (bluish tinge in light)

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21
Q

Gelatin swab finding for V. Cholera

A

Napiform/turnip liquifaction

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22
Q

Enrichment media used for V. Cholera

A

Alkaline peptone water
Monsours taurocholate tellurite peptone water

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23
Q

Selective media used for cholera

A

TCBS (Thiosulfate citrate bile salt sucrose)
ABSA (Alkaline bile salt agar)
GTTA (Gelatin Taurocholate Trypticase tellurite agar) - Black centre and halo

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24
Q

Which selective media can be used to differentiate between Sucrose fermenter and Non Sucrose fermenter

A

TCBS ( Thiosulfate citrate bile salt sucrose)
Indicator - Bromothymol blue

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25
Q

Biochemical tests used for cholera

A

CCOINSS
C - Cholera red reaction
C - Catalase +ve
O - Oxidase +ve
I - Indole test +ve
N - Nitrate reduction +ve
S - Sucrose lysis +ve
S - String test

26
Q

In cholera red reaction, Red color is due to

A

Nitrosoindole Compound

27
Q

String test

A

Treat the sample with 0.5% deoxycholate - Vibrio damage - DNA Comes out - Strings seen

28
Q

Treatment of Cholera

A

ORS with or without Fluids
Antibiotics if needed - Doxycycline (adults), Azithromycin (Children, Pregnancy)

29
Q

Vaccine for Cholera

A

Live oral vaccine

30
Q

Vibrio mimicus is known to cause

A

Mimicus - Macchi food
Gasteroenteritis due to seafood consumption

31
Q

Vibrio Parahemolyticus is known to cause

A

Gasteroenteritis (seafood)
Wound infection

32
Q

Kanagawa phenomenon is shown by

A

Vibrio Parahemolyticus

33
Q

Kanagawa phenomenon

A

On Wagatsuma agar (Blood agar with 2-4% salt)
Pathogenic strains - Hemolytic
Non pathogenic strains - Non Hemolytic

34
Q

Vibrio vulnificus can cause

A

Normal individuals - Gasteroenteritis
Immunocompromised - Sepsis

35
Q

Which Halophilic Vibrio can be a lactose fermenter

A

V. Vulnificus

36
Q

Vibrio Alginolyticus is known to cause

A

Conjunctivitis
Otitis media

37
Q

Which Halophilic Vibrio is most tolerant to Nacl

A

V Alginolyticus

38
Q

Which Vibrio species shows Swarming motility

A

V. Parahemolyticus
V. Alginolyticus

39
Q

Examples of Non fermenters

A

Uses sugars oxidatively
Pseudomonas
Burkholdiera Mallei
Burkholdiera Pseudomallei
Acinetobacter Baumanni

40
Q

Pseudomonas features

A

Gram negative bacillus
Catalse+ve
Oxidae +ve

41
Q

Virulence factors of Pseudomonas

A

Capsule +

42
Q

Pigments shown by Pseudomonas

A

Pyocyanosis (Blue green pigment)
Pyoverdine - Greenish yellow
Pyorubin - Red
Pyomelanin - Brown black

43
Q

Pyocyanosis enhances on which medium

A

Kings medium

44
Q

Alginic acid is found in

A

Mucoid strains of Pseudomonas
Biofilm production

45
Q

Toxins of Pseudomonas and MOA

A

Exotoxin A - decrease protein synthesis by ADP phosphorylation of EF2

46
Q

Clinical features of Pseudomonas

A

PSM HUB
Pneumonia (HAP, VAP)
Swimmers ear/Simple otitsi externa
Hot tub Folliculitis
Shanghai fever - Sepsis + enteric disease
Meningitis
UTI (Catheter Associated)
Burn wound infections
Green Nail syndrome

47
Q

Microscopic Findings of Pseudomonas

A

Gram -ve
Can be motile
Pigment enhanced by Kings medium

48
Q

Iridescence property shown by Pseudomonas

A

Large opaque colonies with metallic shine

49
Q

Selective media used for Pseudomonas

A

Cetrimide agar

50
Q

Pseudomonas Mnemonic

A

PSEUDOMONAS
P - Pigments - enhances on Kings medium
S - Sweet/Fruity odor
E - Iridescence (Colonies metallic shine)
U - Use sugar Oxidatively
MO - Motile
N - Non lactose fermenter
A - Agar beta hemolytic
S - Selective - Cetrimide agar

51
Q

Pseudomonas is susceptible to

A

Silver salts
Silver sulphonamide in topical burn creams

52
Q

Burkholdiera Pseudomallei causes

A

Meliodosis

53
Q

Burkholdiera Pseudomallei is also known as

A

Vietnam time bomb or
Whitemore bacillus

54
Q

Culture used for Burkholdiera Pseudomallei

A

ASA (Ashdown agar) - Crystal Violet with gentamicin

55
Q

Microscopic Findings of burkholdiera Pseudomallei

A

Safety pin appearance

56
Q

Treatment of Burkholdiera Pseudomallei

A

Carbapenem, Imipenem

57
Q

Burkholdiera Mallei causes

A

Disease in animals (Glanders disease)

58
Q

Diagnosis of Burkholdiera Mallei

A

Strauss reaction - inoculation in Guinea pig - testicular swelling

59
Q

Clinical features of Burkholdiera Mallei

A

Skin ulcers
Pneumonia
Lymphadenopathy

60
Q

Which Burkholdiera is most common and most potent

A

Burkholdiera Cepacia

61
Q

Burkholdiera Cepacia is associated with

A

Chronic granulomatous disease
And Cystic fibrosis

62
Q

Burkholdiera Cepacia Mnemonic

A

CePaCiA
Most common Burkholdiera
Most Potent
A/w Chronic Granulomatous disease and Cystic fibrosis
A - Antibiotic resistance

Microbiology (37 decks)

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