Miscellaneous Bacteria Flashcards
Most common cause of Walking pneumonia and Atypical CAP
Mycoplasma
Which bacteria don’t have Cell wall
Mycoplasma
Which bacteria’s cell membrane have sterols
Mycoplasma
Mycoplasma is grown on which agar
PPLO Agar (Pleuropneumonia like organism)
Colonies shown by Mycoplasma on PPLO Agar
Fried egg colonies
Stain used for Mycoplasma
Diene’s stain
Which one is the smallest bacteria
Mycoplasma - 130-350 nm - can pass through bacterial filters
Mycoplasma Mnemonic
My - M/C cause of Walking pneumonia and Atypical CAP
Co - Cold agglutination test +ve, Cell wall deficient, Cell membrane has sterols
Pla - PPLO (Pleuropneumonia like organism), grown on PPLO Agar
Sma - Stain: Diene’s stain, smallest bacteria
Pulmonary symptoms caused by Mycoplasma
Walking pneumonia
Atypical pneumonia
Associated with Cold agglutinin disease (AIHA)
Extrapulmonary features associated with Mycoplasma
Meningitis
Encephalitis
Gullian barre syndrome
Steven Johnson’s syndrome
Carditis
Bacters includes
Campylobacter
Helicobacter
Bacters features
COPS
Catalse+ve
Oxidase +ve
Spiral rods
Campylobacter features
C. Jejuni
Thermophilic - grows at 42°C
Campylobacter Jejuni Mnemonic
CAMPYLOBACTER JEJUNI
CAMP - Food, water, loo, stars - CNS
Bacter - COPS
Jejuni - june @42°C
Campylobacter Jejuni causes and Route of transmission
Causes diarrheal disease
Route - Ingestion (Contaminated poultry)
Incubation period of Campylobacter Jejuni
1-7 days
Clinical features of Campylobacter Jejuni infection
Fever
Abdominal pain
Watery diarrhea
Complications of Campylobacter Jejuni infection
Gullian barre syndrome (Serotype OS19)
Intestinal infection caused by Bacter family
Inflammatory diarrhea, abd pain, fever
Pseudoappendicitis
Loose stools to bloody diarrhea
Extraintestinal clinical features of Bacters
Due to Campylobacter fetus
Bacteremia
Spesis
Meningitis
Vascular infections
Microscopic findings of Campylobacter Jejuni
Comma/S/Gull wing shaped
Darting/Shooting star Motility
Fecal leukocytes
Gram Negative
Selective media used for Diagnosis of Campylobacter Jejuni
Campy BAP /skirrow media
Selective media finding of Campylobacter Jejuni
Effuse droplet like colonies
Treatment of Campylobacter Jejuni infection
Symptomatic
Azithromycin only in severe prolonged illness
Helicobacter pylori features
COPS
Urease +ve
Virulence factors of Helicobacter pylori
VacA (Vacuolating Cytotoxin A)
CagA (Cytotoxin Associated gene A)
Diseases caused by Helicobacter pylori
Chronic gastritis B
Peptic ulcer disease
Adenocarcinoma stomach cancer
MALToma (Marginal zone Lymphoma)
Protective role of H Pylori
ABG analysis
A - prevents Adenocarcinoma esophagus
B - Barret’s esophagus
G - GERD
Analysis - Asthma
Non invasive tests done for Diagnosis of H Pylori
Urea breath test - sensitive
Copro Antigen
Biochemical reactions - Urease, Catalse and Oxidase +ve
CLO test (Urease test)
Invasive tests for diagnosis of H Pylori
Biopsy (Antrum)
Microscopic finding of H Pylori
Spiral
Gram negative organism
Stain used for diagnosis of H Pylori
Warthin Stary silver stain - black color
Modified Giemsa stain
Warthin Stary silver stain is used for which organisma
H Pylori
Bartonella Henselae
Treatment strategies of H Pylori
OCA
OBM
OBTM
Gardenerella Vaginosis causes
Bacterial Vaginosis
Microscopic finding of Gardenella vaginalis infection
On Pap smear - Cocco bacilli stuck on cells - CLUE CELLS
Criteria of Bacterial Vaginosis
Amsel’s Criteria
- pH >4.5
- Whiff test - Discharge + 10% KOH - Fishy smell
- Clue cells
Rat bite fever is caused by which organisms
Streptobacillus Moniliformis
Spirillum minus
Streptobacillus Moniliformis causes
Monalisa have hills
Haverhill fever/Erythema arthriticum Epidermicum
Incubation period and clinical features of Haverhill fever
IP - 7 to 10 days
C/F - Relapsing fever, Rash, Arthralgia
Drug of choice of Haverhill fever
Penicillin
Spirillum minus causes
Sudoku fever
Incubation period, Clinical features and DOC For sudoku fever
IP - 1 to 3 weeks
C/F - Local ulcer, Lymphadenopathy, Relapsing fever, Rash, Arthralgia
DOC - Penicillin
Pasteurella Multicoda Causes
Gram -ve
Cat/dog bite - Local site inflammation - Swelling, tenderness pus - Tenosynovitis, Osteomyelitis - Septicemia
Treatment of Pasteurella Multicoda infection
Beta lactams
Legionella Pneumophila causes
Legionellosis - Legionnaire’s disease(Pneumonic form)
Pontiac fever (non-pneumonic form)
Clinical features of Pontiac fever
Mild fever
Myalgia
Cough (non productive)
Resp. Failure
Infection route of Legionella Pneumophila
Inhalation of Aerosols( Air conditioner)
Pathogenesis of Legionellosis
Bacteria in human - alveoli - multiply inside macrophages - dissemination(blood/LN) - contagious spread
Incubation period of Legionellosis
2-10 days
Stain used for Diagnosis of Legionella Pneumophila
Silver impregnation stain - Black color
Culture done in case of Legionella Pneumophila infection
BCYE Agar (Buffered charcoal yeast extract)
Treatment of Legionella Pneumophila
Macrolides
Stain used and treatment of Klebsiella Granulomatis infection
Stain - Weight Giemsa stain - Donovan bodies
Treatment - Tetracyclines
Erysipelothrix features
Non motile
Non sporing
Non capsulated
Erysipelothrix leads to formation of
Erysipeloid - at the site of inoculation/cut/abrasion after handling animal products
Culture media used for Diagnosis of Erysipelothrix
Tellurite medium/Tinsdale Medium
Erysipelothrix Mnemonic
Erysipelo - Erythema, Erysipeloid
Thrix - Tellurite/Tinsdale Medium
Treatment of Erysipelothrix
Penicillin
Painful genital ulcers can be seen in which infections
HSV-2
Hemophilus Ducreyi
Painless genital ulcers can be seen in which infections
Syphilis
Klebsiella Granulomatis
Lymphogranuloma venereum
Which HACEK organism known to cause needle licker Osteomyelitis
Eikenella - shows motility due to type 4 pili
Acinetobacter Baumanni known to cause
Hospital environment
Opportunistic nosocomial infections
VAP
Blood steam infections
Post Catheter UTI
According to WHO,Acinetobacter Baumanni is classified with organism
ESKAPE Organisms - Priority Nosocomial infections
Francisella Tularensis causes
Tularemia
Transmission of Tularemia occurs by
Zoonotic infection
Contact with wild/domestic animals
Aerosols inhalation
Classification of Tularemia on the basis of Clinical features
Ulceroglandular Tularemia - M/C
Pulmonary Tularemia
Oropharyngeal Tularemia
Best Diagnostic method for Francisella Tularensis
Difficult to culture
PCR For Tularensis - Best
Treatment of Tularemia
Gentamicin