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Mycology Part 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Tenia versicolor is caused by

A

Malassezia furfur

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2
Q

Malassezia furfur belongs to which group based on Morphology

A

Yeast like

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3
Q

Wood lamp examination finding in case of Tinea versicolor

A

Yellow fluorescence

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4
Q

Superficial Mycosis is caused by

A

Tinea versicolor - Malassezia furfur
Dermatophytes
Coccidioidomycosis

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5
Q

Clinical features of Tinea versicolor

A

Hypopigmented lesions on trunk ,back

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6
Q

On Microscopic examination with 10-20%. KOH mount, Malassezia furfur shows which appearance

A

Spaghetti and meatball appearance or Banana and grapes appearance

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7
Q

Malassezia furfur finding on culture

A

SDA with Olive oil - Fried egg colonies - On M/E(LPCB Stain) - Spaghetti and meatball appearance

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8
Q

Treatment of Tinea versicolor

A

Topical - 10% Sulfur ointment
1-2% Imidazole creams
Systemic : Itraconazole, Fluconazole

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9
Q

Fried egg appearance seen in Microbiology

A

Malassezia furfur
Mycoplasma

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10
Q

Fried egg appearance seen in Pathology

A

Oligodendroglioma
Seminoma/Dysgerminoma
Bone marrow biopsy - Hairy cell leukemia

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11
Q

Tinea Nigra is caused by

A

Hortae Werneckii - brown/black
Halophilic

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12
Q

Tinea nigra on KOH shows which color

A

Brown color

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13
Q

Clinical features of Tinea nigra

A

Usually seen in fisherman
Brownish/Black spots on palm and soles

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14
Q

Treatment of Tinea nigra

A

Topical Imidazole

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15
Q

Types of Piedra

A

Affects hair follicles
White Piedra
Black Piedra

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16
Q

White Piedra is caused by

A

Trichosporon Beigelii

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17
Q

Black Piedra is caused by

A

Piedraia Hortae

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18
Q

Treatment of Piedra

A

Cut/Shave hair
Topical Imidazole

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19
Q

Dermatophytosis AKA and Classification

A

AKA Tineasis
TME
Trichophyton - skin, hair,nails
Microsporum - skin, hair
Epidermophyton - skin, Nails

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20
Q

Classification of Dermatophytes

A

Anthropophilic
Zoophilic
Geophilic

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21
Q

Anthropophilic Dermatophytes includes which organisms

A

T. Rubrum
T. Tonsurans
T. Schoenleinii
T. Violaceum
M. Audounii

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22
Q

Zoophilic Dermatophytes includes which organisms

A

T. Equinum
M. Equinum
M. Canis
T. Verrucosum

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23
Q

Geophilic Dermatophytes includes which organisms

A

T. Terrestre
M. Gypseum

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24
Q

Tinea capitis

A

Scalp involvement

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25
Q

Tinea Favus features and causative agent

A

Crust (Scutula) on head
Caused by T. Schoenleinii

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26
Q

Kerion

A

Boggy swelling on head

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27
Q

Tinea Faciei and Tinea barbae

A

T faciei - face involvement
T. Barbae - Beard involvement

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28
Q

Tinea Corpus

A

Trunk involvement

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29
Q

Tinea imbricata

A

Causes Concentric lesions

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30
Q

Tinea unguium

A

Nail bed involvement

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31
Q

Tinea cruris

A

Groin involvement (Dhobi/Jock itch)

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32
Q

Tinea pedis

A

Foot involvement (Athlete’s foot)

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33
Q

Type of spores seen in Dermatophytes

A

Arthrospores

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34
Q

Arthrospores are classified into

A

Ectothrix - Arthrospores are outside the hair shaft
Endothrix - Arthrospores are inside the hair shaft

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35
Q

Examples of Ectothrix Arthrospores

A

M. Canis
M. Audouinii

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36
Q

Examples of Endothrix Arthrospores

A

TVS
T. Tonsurans
T. Violaceum
T. Schoenleinii

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37
Q

Shape of Macroconidia seen in Dermatophytes

A

TME - Pretty Sharma channel
Trichophyton - Pencil shape
Microsporum - Spindle shape
Epidermophyton - Club shape

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38
Q

Maximum and Minimum Microconidia seen in which Dermatophytes

A

Trichophyton - +++(Max.)
Microsporum - ++
Epidermophyton - +/- (least)

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39
Q

Hair perforation test done in Dermatophytes to differentiate in between

A

T. Rubrum and T. Mentagrophytes
T Rubrum - Negative test (No perforation)
T. Mentagrophytes - Positive (Wedge shaped perforations)

40
Q

Hair perforation test procedure

A

Incubate hair with yeast and fungus for 2-3 weeks

41
Q

ID reaction or Dermatophytids shows

A

Satellite lesions away from the original lesion

42
Q

T. Rubrum is known to cause

A

Onychomycosis

43
Q

Treatment of Dermatophytes infection

A

Topical antifungal (azole derivatives)
Itraconazole/Terbinafine

44
Q

DOC for Tinea capitis

A

Oral Griseofulvin

45
Q

Subcutaneous Mycosis is caused by which organisms

A

MRCS
Mycetoma
Rhinosporidiosis
Chromoblastomycosis
Sporotrichosis

46
Q

Mycetoma clinical feature

A

Foot with multiple discharging sinuses

47
Q

Causative organisms of Actinomycetoma and Eumycetoma

A

Actinomycetoma - Bacteria G +ve
Ex - Actinomadura madurae
Eumycetoma - Fungus
Ex - Madurella Mycetomatis

48
Q

Granules of Actinomycetoma

A

Red - Actinomadura Palleitieri
White/ yellow - Nocardia, Streptomyces, Actinomadura

49
Q

Granules in Eumycetoma

A

Brown - Madurella Exiophiala
White - Aeremonium, Pseudallescheria Boydii

50
Q

Treatment of Actinomycetoma and Eumycetoma

A

Actinomycetoma - Cotrimoxazole +/- Amikacin for 6-12 months

Eumycetoma - Surgical compensation

51
Q

Microscopic finding of Actinomycetes

A

Sunray appearance

52
Q

Spleudore Hoepplei phenomenon is shown by which organisms

A

Actinomycetes
Sporothrix schenkii

53
Q

Rhinosporidiosis is caused by

A

Rhinosporidium seeberi

54
Q

Sites affected in Rhinosporidiosis

A

Nasal Cavity - Strawberry nasal polyp (Gross)
Rare sites - genital, eyes

55
Q

Microscopic finding in Rhinosporidiosis

A

Endospores +

56
Q

Examples of Non cultivable Fungus

A

Rhinosporidiosis
Pneumocystis carinii/jiroveci

57
Q

Treatment of Rhinosporidiosis

A

Polypectomy

58
Q

Chromoblastomycosis AKA

A

Verrucous dermatitis

59
Q

Chromoblastomycosis route of transmission

A

Traumatic inoculation of organism

60
Q

Growth seen in Chromoblastomycosis

A

Warty cauliflower like growth

61
Q

Chromoblastomycosis is commonly seen in

A

Forest workers - walking barefoot

62
Q

Microscopic finding in Chromoblastomycosis

A

Copper penny bodies/Sclerotic body/Madlar body/Muriform body

63
Q

Organisms responsible to cause Chromoblastomycosis

A

Fonsecaea pedrosi and F. Compacta
Exophiala
Phialphora
Cladophialophora

64
Q

Treatment of Chromoblastomycosis

A

Amphotericin B, 5-Fluorocytosine
Recently Voriconazole
Wide surgical resection
Laser if needed (Cryotherapy)

65
Q

Dimorphic fungus morphologies

A

2 Morphologies
Yeast @37°C
Mold/Hyphae @25°C

66
Q

Examples of Dimorphic fungus

A

Body heat probably Changes shape
Blastomyces
Histoplasmosis
Penicillium marnefii
Paracocci Iodomycosis
Coccidioidomycosis
Sporotrichosis

67
Q

Blastomycosis is caused by

A

Blastomyces dermatitidis

68
Q

Blastomycosis AKA

A

North American Blastomycosis/Gilchrist disease/Chicago disease

69
Q

Appearance of Blastomyces dermatitidis and Stain

A

Stain - Gomori Methanamine Silver stain
Appearance - Broad based budding (Figure of 8 appearance)

70
Q

Treatment of Mild Blastomycosis

A

Fluconazole/Itraconazole

71
Q

Treatment of disseminated Blastomycosis

A

Amphotericin B followed by Itraconazole

72
Q

Histoplasmosis causative agents

A

Histoplasma Capsulatum var Capsulatum - American
Histoplasma Capsulatum var duboisi - African

73
Q

Histoplasmosis AKA

A

Ohio disease/Darling disease/Cave’s disease/Reticuloendotheliosis(macrophages)

74
Q

Reservoir in Histoplasmosis

A

Bat/bird droppings

75
Q

Agar used in case of Histoplasmosis

A

Sabouraud Dextrose Agar(SDA)

76
Q

Finding of Histoplasmosis on SDA Agar and stain used?

A

Suede colonies - LPCB Stain - Tuberculate macroconidia

77
Q

Clinical features of Histoplasmosis matches with which disease

78
Q

Penicillium marnefii AKA

A

Taloromyces Marnefii

79
Q

Natural reservoir in case of Penicillin Marnefii

A

Bamboo rat

80
Q

Pigment seen in Penicillium marnefii

A

Red pigment

81
Q

Finding of Penicillium marnefii on LPCB stain

A

Brush/Broom arrangement of Conidia

82
Q

Penicillium marnefii Mnemonic

A

Marna Rat Broom Red

83
Q

Paracoccidiomycosis AKA

A

South American Blastomycosis

84
Q

Paracoccidiomycosis is caused by

A

P. Bransiliensis

85
Q

Appearance seen in case of Paracoccidiomycosis

A

Pilot wheel appearance/mariner wheel
Mickey mouse appearance

86
Q

Coccidioidomycosis AKA

A

Desert Rheumatism/Valley fever/California disease

87
Q

Organism responsible for Coccidioidomycosis

A

C. Immitis

88
Q

Mnemonic for Coccidioidomycosis

A

ABCD
A and B - Barrel shaped Arthrospores
C - Coccidioidomycosis
D - Desert Rheumatism

89
Q

Treatment in case of Coccidioidomycosis

A

Mild disease - Fluconazole/Itraconazole
Disseminated - Amphotericin B followed by Itraconazole

90
Q

Sporotrichosis AKA

A

Rose Gardener’s disease/Lymphocutaneous disease

91
Q

Organism responsible for Sporotrichosis

A

Sporothrix Schenkii

92
Q

Sporotrichosis Clinical features

A

History of Thorn prick - ulcer/pustule/nodule + nodules along lymphatic channels

93
Q

Microscopic finding in Sporotrichosis

A

Asteroid body (star shaped) - Spleudore Hopplei phenomenon

94
Q

Sporotrichosis under LPCB Stain

A

Rossetes of conidia

95
Q

Treatment of Sporotrichosis

A

Itraconazole - 3 to 6 months

Microbiology (37 decks)

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