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Large Animal Anatomy > Urinary System (Exam 2) > Flashcards

Urinary System (Exam 2) Flashcards

1
Q

Urinary + Reproductive Systems combined term

A

urogenital system

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2
Q

Function of kidneys

A

produce urine

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3
Q

Function of ureters

A

actively transport urine –> bladder

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4
Q

Function of urinary bladder

A

urine storage + expulsion

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5
Q

Function of urethra

A

tube urine is voided through

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6
Q

Kidney is considered _____ because the peritoneum is only on part of the organ– covered (dorsally/ventrally) NOT (dorsally/ventrally).

A

retroperitoneal
ventrally
not dorsally

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7
Q

Right kidney is located between ____ and ____.

A

vertebral body of last thoracic vertebra
first 2 lumbar vertebrae

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8
Q

Right kidney is against which lobe of the liver?

A

caudate process of caude lobe

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9
Q

Which kidney is further cranial?

A

right kidney

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10
Q

Which species has symmetrical kidneys (at same level)?

A

pig

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11
Q

Left kidney is located opposite of what?

A

first 3 vertebral bodies

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12
Q

(Medial/lateral) border of kidney is concave & smooth while the (medial/lateral) border is indented.

A

lateral
medial

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13
Q

Term for indentation where vessels enter & exit out of kidney

A

hilus

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14
Q

Space in kidney hilus leads into w/ fat + vessels/nerve branches

A

renal sinus

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15
Q

What holds the kidney in place?

A

renal fascia (CT) + adipose capsule

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16
Q

____ is the thick adipose capsule in pigs/cows that is bought for birds/roasts.

A

suet

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17
Q

Kidney has a ____ capsule made of what 2 tissues?

A

DICCT + smooth muscle

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18
Q

Gross anatomic subunit of kidney

A

renal lobe

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19
Q

Another name for medulla within the renal lobe of the kidney

A

pyramid

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20
Q

(Papilla/base) of kidney is toward cortex, while (papilla/base) of kidney is the apex.

A

base
papilla

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21
Q

Pointed end of kidney where urine is discharged

A

papilla (papillary ducts open)

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22
Q

Term for cortical tissue along side + between pyramids

A

renal columns

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23
Q

In dog/cat/horse/small ruminants, papillae of the kidney fuse to form _____.

A

renal crest

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24
Q

Openings of papillary ducts on papilla or renal crest

A

area cribrosa

25
Q

What is unilobar kidney?

A

appearance of one lobe b/c papillae fuse to form renal crest

26
Q

What is multilobar kidney? What 2 species have them?

A

see individual “papillae” of individual lobes
ox + pig

27
Q

(T/F) Renal A comes directly off aorta.

A

True

28
Q

What is the “end artery” concept

A

Renal Aa are end arteries
NO significant collateral circulation (die if obstructed)

29
Q

Bloods supply that branches in hilus before entering sinus & passes between lobes

A

interlobar Aa

30
Q

Last arteries seen macroscopically. At corticomedullary junction, interlobar Aa branch –> _____.

A

arcuate Aa

31
Q

Blood from kidney drains –> ____ –> caudal vena cava.

A

Renal Vv

32
Q

(T/F) Blood from kidney drains to portal vein.

A

False!

33
Q

Which veins are prominent below the fibrous capsule in the feline and drain on surface?

A

capsular Vv

34
Q

What is different about the equine kidneys?

A

L vs. R shaped differently
Left: normal “bean” shape
Right: “heart” shaped (longer lateral dimension than cranial/caudal)

35
Q

Where should you take a renal biopsy? Why?

A

cortex (smaller vessels)
NOT medulla (large arteries)

36
Q

Expanded end of ureter sitting in renal sinus

A

pelvis

37
Q

Which domestic mammals doesn’t have a renal pelvis?

A

bovine

38
Q

The pig has a renal pelvis but not _____.

A

pelvic recesses (branches of pelvis)

39
Q

Branches of renal pelvis extend between sides of renal pyramids

A

pelvic recesses

40
Q

Transitional epithelial lined tube/spaces in the horse kidney

A

terminal recesses

41
Q

Some papillary ducts in the horse open onto renal crest, while some open into _____.

A

terminal recesses

42
Q

In the ox, the ureter divides into 2 _____ and each divides into multiple _____ which go inside papilla where urine is collected.

A

major calices
minor calices

43
Q

In the pig, off each end of the _____ has major calix and minor calices off each major which go into each renal papillae where urine is collected.

A

renal pelvis

44
Q

Ureter functions to transport urine by ______ to urinary bladder.

A

peristalsis

45
Q

2 parts of ureter

A

abdominal part
pelvic part

46
Q

Blood supply to ureter

A

ureteric branch of renal A
ureteric branch of caudal vesical A

47
Q

Urinary bladder has an apex (cranial, rounded end) also called:

A

vertex

48
Q

3 main parts of urinary bladder

A
  1. apex
  2. body
  3. neck
49
Q

What 3 things make up the trigone of the urinary bladder?

A

2 openings of L + R ureters, internal urethral ostium

50
Q

Two ureteric folds (L+R) extend into dorsal wall of urethra which forms:

A

urethra crest

51
Q

2 supporting ligaments of urinary bladder

A

median ligament
lateral ligaments

52
Q

Median ligament may contain remnant of _____.

A

urachus

53
Q

Lateral ligaments of the urinary bladder make up the _____.

A

round ligaments

54
Q

Blood supply to bladder (2)

A

cranial vesical A
Caudal vesical A

55
Q

What is main blood supply to bladder?

A

cranial vesical A

56
Q

2 lymph nodes of kidney + ureters

A

renal Ln
lumbar aortic Lnn

57
Q

2 lymph nodes of urinary bladder

A

medial iliac Lnn
deep inguinal (iliofemoral) Lnn

58
Q

Which Lnn are located near terminal bifurcation of aorta where lymph from bladder drains?

A

medial iliac Lnn

59
Q

Which Lnn drain lymph from bladder, pelvic part of ureter, and proximal urethra?

A

deep inguinal (iliofemoral) Lnn

Large Animal Anatomy (41 decks)

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