Stomach & SI (Exam 2)

Question 1

Lining of abdominal cavity

Answer 1

peritoneum

Question 2

Lining of abd cavity covering organs

Answer 2

visceral peritoneum

Question 3

Lining of abd cavity covering abdominal walls

Answer 3

parietal peritoneum

Question 4

Space between parietal + visceral peritoneum

Answer 4

peritoneal cavity

Question 5

Fold of peritoneum that attaches organs to body wall

Answer 5

mesentery

Question 6

Space between superficial + deep walls of greater omentum.

Answer 6

omental bursa

Question 7

Cranial landmark of abd cavity

Answer 7

diaphragm

Question 8

Caudal landmark of abd cavity

Answer 8

tuber coxae + pelvic cavity

Question 9

Flank is caudal to _____.

Answer 9

last rib

Question 10

Structures seen on left side of ox (4)

Answer 10

rumen
reticulum
spleen
greater omentum

Question 11

Structures seen on right side of ox (6)

Answer 11

liver
abomasum
bulk of SI
proximal loop of ascending colon
cecum

Question 12

Structures seen on left side of horse (6)

Answer 12

liver
stomach
spleen
jejunum
descending colon
ascending colon

Question 13

Structures seen on right side of horse (2)

Answer 13

bulk of liver
cecum

Question 14

Horses are _____ fermenters.

Answer 14

hind-gut

Question 15

Part of the equine stomach where esophagus enters with thick sphincter.

Answer 15

cardia

Question 16

(T/F) Horses cannot vomit. If so, why?

Answer 16

True - b/c sphincter in cardia comes at oblique angle

Question 17

Term for non-glandular part of equine stomach

Answer 17

saccus cecus

Question 18

Line between non-glandular + glandular parts of stomach (equine)

Answer 18

margo plicatus

Question 19

Term for glandular part of stomach (equine)

Answer 19

body

Question 20

3 structures of pyloric region

Answer 20

pyloric antrum
pyloric canal
pyloric sphincter (pylorus)

Question 21

(Greater/lesser) omentum is on the greater curvature of stomach and proximal duodenum –> terminal part of colon.

Answer 21

greater

Question 22

What 2 ligaments are associated with the lesser omentum?

Answer 22

hepatogastric
hepatoduodenal

Question 23

Small opening on the omental bursa

Answer 23

epiploic foramen

Question 24

Clinical problem of epiploic foramen in horse

Answer 24

strangulation of intestinal loop (surgery or euth)

Question 25

3 branches of the Celiac A

Answer 25

Left Gastric A Splenic A Hepatic A

Question 26

Order of parts of duodenum (equine) (7)

Answer 26

sigmoid loop duodenal ampulla (dilatation) cranial flexure descending duodenum caudal flexure ascending duodenum duodenojejunal flexure

Question 27

Which duodenal papilla is within the hepatopancreatic ampulla (equine)?

Answer 27

major duodenal papilla

Question 28

Which duct(s) empty into the major duodenal papilla (equine)?

Answer 28

bile duct + pancreatic duct

Question 29

Which duct(s) empty into minor duodenal papilla (equine)?

Answer 29

accessory pancreatic duct

Question 30

Jejunum is between what 2 structures

Answer 30

descending + ascending colon

Question 31

Jejunum is signified by _____ loops of bowel.

Answer 31

gas-filled

Question 32

(T/F) It is common to pass a gastric tube from the mouth to esophagus of the horse.

Answer 32

FALSE - must go through nose!

Question 33

Why do you have to use a nasogastric tube (cannot go through mouth) on horses?

Answer 33

obligate nasal breathers

Question 34

Example of when to use nasogastric tube

Answer 34

stomach contents leaking from nose = very full stomach needs to be decompressed

Question 35

Why stand on left side of horse when placing nasogastric tube?

Answer 35

can see esophagus on left side of neck if proper placement

Question 36

What is often in the stomach of horses and passes through feces?

Answer 36

bot flies

Question 37

Treatment of bot flies in horse

Answer 37

ivermectin + scrape eggs off

Question 38

Key symptom of Equine Gastric Ulcer Syndrome (in <9 months old & >9)

Answer 38

<9: grinding teeth >9: performance off

Question 39

Treatment for Equine Gastric Ulcer Syndrome

Answer 39

omeprazole

Question 40

Cause of Equine Gastric Ulcer Syndrome

Answer 40

fasting slowed GI motility high carb diet high performance level (racing)

Question 41

Symptoms of Equine Gastric Ulcer Syndrome (4)

Answer 41

intermittent colic bruxism (grind teeth) ptyalism (hypersalivation) poor appetite

Question 42

Large Strongyle (horses) problem

Answer 42

gets into circulatory system thickening in cranial mesenteric A

Question 43

Rotation of stomach into distinct spirals (equine)

Answer 43

volvulus

Question 44

Twisting of stomach on long axis (equine)

Answer 44

torsion

Question 45

Telescoping of intestine

Answer 45

intussusecption

Question 46

Segmental loss of motility (fluid can back up to stomach)

Answer 46

ileus

Question 47

Reduced/absent blood flow --> necrotic bowel

Answer 47

Ischemia

Question 48

Term for abdominal pain in horses

Answer 48

colic

Question 49

Strangulation of small bowel loop (equine)

Answer 49

epiploic foramen entrapment (NOT common cause of colic)

Question 50

Lipoma wraps around intestine and cuts off circulation in horses

Answer 50

pedunculated lipoma

Question 51

What duct(s) empty into major duodenal papilla (ox)?

Answer 51

bile duct

Question 52

What duct(s) empty into minor duodenal papilla (ox)?

Answer 52

accessory pancreatic duct

Question 53

The bulk of the jejunum is in _______.

Answer 53

supraomental bursa

Question 54

2 types of displaced abomasum (which is emergent vs. not)

Answer 54

Left Dorsal Displacement (non-emergent) Right Dorsal Displacement (emergent!)