Thoracic Limb 2 (Exam 1) Flashcards
Explain difference in fusion of radius & ulna in horse vs. ox
Horse: complete fusion
Ox: fused but complete ulna present
Because of the degree of fusion, what is different about the styloid processes in the horse vs. ox?
Horse: medial + lateral styloid processes
Ox: styloid processes on both radius + ulna
Regarding the humeroradial joint, the medial and lateral bony prominences on the proximal radius are for attachment of __________.
collateral ligaments
_______ forms the point of the elbow.
olecranon
The humeroulnar joint is formed by the articulation of ________ with ________.
anconeal process of ulna
olecranon fossa of humerus
The elbow joint is classified as a ______ joint.
hinge joint
(T/F) The elbow joint has collateral ligaments for stabilization.
True
The joint capsule of the elbow joint is limited to what part of the joint?
cranial aspect
If an animal is down on its side for too long without padding, what injury can occur?
radial nerve paralysis
Which species only has the interosseus medius M? What is its significance in both horse and ox?
horse
part of suspensory apparatus (help hold fetlock together)
What ligament comes off of the superficial digital flexor M in the horse? Deep digital flexor M?
proximal accessory (check) ligament
distal accessory (check) ligament
Which species does not have a pronator teres M?
horse
(T/F) Carpus includes all bone and soft tissue structures in the region.
True
The carpal bones are made up of 2 rows of ______ bones.
short
Carpal bone __ is medial and carpal bone __ is lateral.
2
4
“Chip fractures” in racing horses use ______ radiographic views.
skyline
Both the horse and ox have an extensor and flexor retinaculum formed by __________.
deep fascia
What are the 3 carpal joints (from proximal to distal)?
- antebrachial carpal joint
- intercarpal joint
- carpometacarpal joint
How many joint capsules are there for the carpal joints? Are they separate or communicating?
one
mostly separate joint cavities
Match the degree of flexion to the carpal joint:
- 90 to 100 degrees
- 45 degrees
- little movement
- antebrachiocarpal joint
- middle carpal joint (intercarpal)
- carpometacarpal joint
What is the clinical significance of carpal synovial (tendon) sheaths?
can have swelling, cellulitis, infection
What is deep to the fibrous joint capsule?
antebrachiocarpal synovial sac
What are the 2 borders of the carpal canal?
proximal row of carpal bones
flexor retinaculum
Which tendons are in the superficial and deep carpal canals of the horse?
deep: SDF, DDF
superficial: flexor carpi radialis
