Large Intestine (Exam 2) Flashcards
What is not good if you are auscultating the abdomen / gut sounds?
listen for growling
don’t want hyperactive or stopping of noisess
What parts of the intestines are in the left abdomen of horse?
descending colon + jejunum
Jejunum is between what 2 structures in the horse?
descending + ascending colon
What is the main large intestinal structure on the right side of the horse? What space does it fill?
cecum
paralumbar fossa
3 LI structures on the right side of the horse
cecum
right ventral colon
right dorsal colon
Liver is predominantly on the (left/right) in horses.
right
Like the rumen, the equine cecum is a major ______ site.
fermentation
Base of equine cecum location
dorsal right paralumbar fossa
Apex of equine cecum location
ventral abdomen on midline & sternal flexure
The equine cecum has _ (number) ______ which are smooth muscle bands.
4 teniae
Term for sacculations in the equine cecum formed by contractions of teniae
haustra
Which fold of cecum associated with dorsal band (tenia)
ileocecal fold
Which fold of cecum is associated with lateral band?
cecocolic fold
Vessels and lymph nodes are in the ____ and ____ bands (teniae)
medial + lateral
LI structures in left side of horse
ascending colon:
left ventral colon
left dorsal colon
pelvic flexure
What is the term for the transition from ventral –> dorsal in ascending colon? (equine)
pelvic flexure
Which part of the ascending colon is on the floor of the abdomen (equine)?
left ventral colon
Where do you listen for presence of sand? (equine)
sternal flexure
Where do you do a peritoneal tap in the horse?
cranial to sternal flexure
Term for bend between right & left side of the colon (equine)
sternal flexure
Order of equine LI segments (10)
- cecum
- R ventral colon
- Sternal flexure
- L ventral colon
- Pelvic flexure
- L dorsal colon
- Diaphragmatic flexure
- R dorsal colon
- Transverse colon
- Descending colon
How many band (teniae) in each region:
cecum
left dorsal colon
right dorsal colon
transverse colon
descending colon
4
3
1-2
2
Blood supply to ventral colons (L+R) (equine)
colic branch of ileocolic A
Blood supply to dorsal colons (L+R) (equine)
right colic A
Blood supply to transverse colon
middle colic A
Blood supply to descending colon
left colic A
Definition of colic (equine)
abdominal pain
3 signs of colic
- looking/kicking abdomen
- wants to roll
- gets up/down frequently
Impaction site for tapeworms
ileocolic
Impaction site during winter with decreased water consumption
pelvic flexure
Impaction site of enteroliths (stones)
right dorsal colon –> transverse colon
What 3 things is the paralumbar fossa used as an incision site for?
- left displaced abomasum
- trocar in rumen (bloat)
- C section
What makes up left side of cow?
all rumen
What makes up right side of cow?
abomasum, SI, proximal + distal loop of ascending colon, descending colon
Order of large colon (ruminants)
- cecum
- proximal loop
- centripetal gyri
- central flexure
- centrifugal gyri
- distal loop
- transverse colon
- descending colon
Centripetal vs. Centrifugal
centripetal: clockwise (towards center)
centrifugal: counter-clockwise (away from center)
Blood supply to centripetal gyri (ruminant)
Colic branches of Ileocolic A
Blood supply to centrifugal gyri (ruminant)
Right colic Aa (of ileocolic A)
2 species w/ spiral colon
ruminants + pig
Camelids are known as ______.
pseudoruminants (3 compartments)
Which 2 compartments of camelids are for fermentation? Which is entirely glandular?
C1 + C2
C3
