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Large Animal Anatomy > Female Reproductive System (Exam 3) > Flashcards

Female Reproductive System (Exam 3) Flashcards

1
Q

The ovary has endocrine function to produce _______, and exocrine function to produce _______ and ______.

A

oocyte
estrogen + progesterone

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2
Q

The ovary has a _______, a depression where vessels and nerves leave.

A

hilus

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3
Q

Term for the band of collagen that connects the ovary with the cranial end of the uterine horn

A

proper ligament

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4
Q

Term for attachment on cranial end of ovary to fascia/peritoneum medial to the last few fibs

A

suspensory ligament

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5
Q

What structure needs to be broken down to exteriorize the ovary during an ovariohysterectomy?

A

suspensory ligament

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6
Q

Where does ovulation occur in horses?

A

ovarian fossa (ovulation fossa)

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7
Q

What is different about the horse ovary?

A

cortical tissue in center
medulla (vessels/nerves) at periphery

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8
Q

Ovarian A is a direct branch of _______ and much further (cranially/caudally) than the dog and cat.

A

abdominal aorta
caudally

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9
Q

Technically, the right ovarian V drains blood to the _______, while the left ovarian V drains into the ______ first.

A

caudal vena cava
renal V

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10
Q

3 parts of uterine tube

A
  1. infundibulum
  2. ampulla
  3. isthmus
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11
Q

Finger-like projections of infundibulum that surround ovary and fill with blood during ovulation

A

fimbriae

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12
Q

Where does fertilization occur?

A

ampulla of uterine tube

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13
Q

Narrow segment which connects with the cranial end of the uterine horn

A

isthmus of uterine tube

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14
Q

Opening from isthmus into uterine horn

A

uterine ostium

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15
Q

Mesentery that attaches to uterine tube

A

mesosalpinx

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16
Q

3 parts of the uterus

A
  1. horns
  2. body
  3. cervix
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17
Q

Term for the dorsal and ventral folds of peritoneum in the bovine which can be used for pregnancy checks.

A

intercornual ligaments

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18
Q

Because of the uterine horns, the uterus is described as ______.

A

bicornate uterus

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19
Q

What is unique about the uterine horns of the pig?

A

long & coiled due to litter bearing (lots of offspring)

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20
Q

Structure that separates non-sterile environment of vagina from sterile environment of uterine body.

A

cervix

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21
Q

What two tasks make the cervix significant in large animal medicine?

A

AI + medicating

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22
Q

Internal uterine ostium is the opening from the _______ into the _______.

A

cervical canal –> body of uterus

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23
Q

External uterine ostium is the opening from the ______ into the _______.

A

cervical canal –> vagina

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24
Q

Term for large folds of interdigitating mucosa in cow

A

circular folds

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25
Q

The circular folds of the cow are oriented (obliquely/longitudinally/transversely) which make it more difficult to pass a pipette.

A

transversely

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26
Q

Pigs have cork-screw shaped projections from the wall of the cervix called _______.

A

cervical pads

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27
Q

The cow has ____ oriented folds of cervical mucosa, while the horse has ______ oriented folds.

A

transversely
longitudinally

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28
Q

Term for cone-like projection of cervix into vagina

A

vaginal portion of cervix

29
Q

Ruminants have ______ in their endometrium which enlarge during pregnancy for exchange of the fetal and maternal circulation.

A

caruncles

30
Q

What are 3 vessels which supply blood to the uterine tube and uterus?

A
  1. uterine branches of ovarian A.
  2. uterine A.
  3. uterine branch of vaginal A.
31
Q

The uterine A is a branch of the _____ A in the cow and directly from the ______ A in the mare.

A

umbilical A
external iliac A

32
Q

Which artery has turbulent flow which you can palpate during pregnancy?

A

uterine A

33
Q

Uterine A is also called the _______ A.

A

middle uterine

34
Q

The sensation of palpating turbulent flow of the uterine A during pregnancy is called _______.

A

fremitus

35
Q

The uterine branch of the vaginal A comes off the ______ A in the mare, and comes off the ______ A in the cow.

A

internal pudendal
internal iliac

36
Q

What are the 3 components of the broad ligament? What structures do they surround?

A

mesovarium: ovary
mesosalpinx: uterine tube
mesometrium: uterus

37
Q

The ovarian bursa is the space between _______ and ______.

A

mesosalpinx
distal mesovarium

38
Q

What lines the vagina?

A

stratified squamous epithelium

39
Q

The vagina is between the ______ and ______.

A

cervix
vestibule

40
Q

The vagina is oriented __________.

A

caudoventrally

41
Q

Term for cranial end of vagina around the cervix

A

fornix

42
Q

Term for transverse fold of mucosa at junction of vestibule of vagina

A

hymen

43
Q

Where do you insert a catheter for obtaining a urine sample?

A

external urethral orifice

44
Q

Term for glands lateral to external urethral orifice in the vestibule that secrete lubricating mucous

A

vestibular glands

45
Q

Term for the openings parallel with the cranial edge of the external urethral orifice that are remnants of what would be the ductus deferens

A

vestigial ductus deferens

46
Q

What is the clinical significance of the vestigial ductus deferens?

A

can develop cysts that may need to be drained

47
Q

Term for masses of erectile tissue in wall of vestibule of vagina

A

vestibular bulbs

48
Q

What is the main vessel that supplies blood to the vagina, vestibule, and a portion of the uterus and bladder?

A

vaginal A

49
Q

The vaginal A is a branch of the ______ A in the mare, and a branch of the _______ A in the cow.

A

internal pudendal
internal iliac

50
Q

What two branches does the vaginal A give off?

A
  1. caudal vesical
    uterine branch of vaginal A
51
Q

(T/F) The labia are paired.

A

True

52
Q

Term for the space between the two labia

A

rima pudenda

53
Q

The left and right labia communicate dorsally at the ________ and ventrally at the ________.

A

dorsal commissure
ventral commissure

54
Q

Term for incisure of vulva for delivery of a large fetus

A

episiotomy

55
Q

The clitoris is only significant in what large animal?

A

mare

56
Q

Where is the glans clitoris located?

A

fossa of clitoris

57
Q

The clitoris has __ crura which attach where?

A

2
medial aspect of ischiatic tuberosity

58
Q

The erectile tissue that extends from each crus of the clitoris is called _________.

A

corpora cavernosa

59
Q

Which species has a fold of mucosa covering the glans of the clitoris called the “prepuce of the clitoris”?

A

mare

60
Q

Term for the structure that forms folds come together to form a ridge in the dorsal midline of the urethra

A

urethral crest

61
Q

The cow has a pocket beneath the opening of the urethra which is called _________ and important when inserting a catheter.

A

suburethral diverticulum

62
Q

(T/F) The urethralis M extends the entire length of the urethra.

A

False - only caudal end (pelvic urethra)

63
Q

What muscle allows for voluntary urinary control?

A

urethralis M

64
Q

What nerve innervates the urethralis M?

A

pudendal N

65
Q

What two muscles blend with the urethralis M in the female?

A

constrictor vulvae M
constrictor vestibulae M

66
Q

What lymph nodes are located along the abdominal aorta and caudal vena cava and drain lymph from the ovary, uterine tube, and uterus?

A

lumbar lnn

67
Q

Which 3 lymph nodes drain lymph from the urinary bladder, urethra, vagina, and vestibule? Where are they located?

A
  1. medial iliac
  2. iliofemoral (deep inguinal)
  3. sacral

Location: near where external/internal iliac Aa arise

68
Q

In the ____, the iliofemoral or deep inguinal lymph nodes are large and receive lymph from the mammary lymph nodes. What is the significance?

A

cow
enlargement may indicate mastitis infection

69
Q

What lymph node drains lymph from the vulva and clitoris?

A

superficial inguinal ln

Large Animal Anatomy (41 decks)

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