Nasal Cavity + Paranasal Sinuses Flashcards
Term for rostral opening into nasal cavity.
nares (nostrils)
The horse has a “false nostril” which is blind pocket lined with thin skin called:
nasal diverticulum
Suspected reason for nasal diverticulum
inflates to increase nostril size to allow more air into nasal cavity (for exercise)
Region of hairless skin at nose between nostrils and on upper lips only in cow.
nasolabial plane
While the cow has nasolabial plane, the dog/cat have a _____ plane and pig has a ______ plane.
nasal
rostral
What cartilage supports the nostril in the horse?
alar cartilage
The alar cartilage in the horse has a _______ wide or thick portion and a _______ ventrally curving portion.
lamina
cornu
Nostril leads into the first part of the nasal cavity called:
vestibule
Rostral opening that drains tears from the eye down into the nasal cavity.
ostium of nasolacrimal duct
What is the clinical significance of the ostium of the nasolacrimal duct?
can place catheter in horse to medicate eye
Term for boundary between vestibule of nasal cavity and nasal cavity proper.
limen nasi
The dorsal and ventral nasal conchae are covered by _______ tunica mucosa.
respiratory
Of the ethmoid conchae, which is the largest?
middle nasal concha
The ethmoid and middle nasal conchae are covered by ________ tunica mucosa.
olfactory
______ is a passageway where air flows in the nasal cavity.
meatus
_______ meatus is between the dorsal and ventral nasal conchae while _________ meatus is between nasal conchae and the mucosa covering the nasal septum.
middle nasal meatus
common nasal meatus
Opening/communication between nasal cavity & nasopharynx on either side.
choanae
Clinical significance of nasal conchae in pigs.
strain of Pasteurella –> nasal conchae atrophy = atrophic rhinitis
What structures are a diverticulum of mucosa of the nasal cavity in all domestic animals that invade bones of the skull?
paranasal sinuses
What is the function of paranasal sinuses?
lighten head of large animals
(T/F) Paranasal sinuses enlarge as the animal matures.
True
_______ mucosa lines paranasal sinuses.
respiratory
What are the paranasal sinuses located between?
internal and external laminae of cranial bones
Term for spongy bone of the skull.
diploe
What does diploe of the skull contain?
red bone marrow
Of all paranasal sinuses in domestic mammals, which is missing in the horse? Pig? Ox?
horse: lacrimal sinus
pig: palatine sinus
ox: none (has all 6)
In the horse, the frontal sinus is continuous with the dorsal conchal sinus, forming the ________ sinus while other species just have a ________ sinus.
conchofrontal sinus
frontal
(T/F) The sphenoid and palatine sinus in the ox combine to form the sphenopalatine sinus.
False - horse
In the horse, there are two maxillary sinuses called ______ and ______ separated by ________.
rostral maxillary + caudal maxillary
oblique septum
In the horse, all paranasal sinuses communicate either directly or indirectly with what structure?
middle nasal meatus
Which sinus occupies most of the frontal bone in the ox?
caudal frontal sinus
In the ox, there are 3 small _______ sinuses in the frontal bone.
rostral frontal sinuses
What is the significance of the cornual diverticulum of the caudal frontal sinus extending into the cornual process of the frontal bone in the ox?
need to cover after dehorning to prevent maggots and infections
In the ox, the ______ and ______ diverticula extend ventrally from the caudal frontal sinus.
postorbital
nuchal
(T/F) In the ox, the lacrimal sinus extends into the lacrimal bulla.
False
In the ox, the maxillary sinus extends into the _______.
lacrimal bulla
In the ox, all paranasal sinuses communicate directly or indirectly with what two structures?
middle nasal meatus OR
ethmoid meatuses
