Liver, Gallbladder, Pancreas (Exam 2)

Question 1

Right vs. Left Displaced Abomasum
Emergent vs. Non-emergent
Right flank vs. L/R flank surgery
Less common vs. Most common

Answer 1

R: emergent, R flank, less common
L: non-emergent, L/R flank, most common

Question 2

Sign of left displaced abomasum

Answer 2

decreased milk production

Question 3

2 treatments for displaced abomasum

Answer 3

1. gastropexy (sx)
2. roll & toggle (left only)

Question 4

2 types of bloat & treatment (2)

Answer 4

gas + frothy
stomach tube or trocar

Question 5

Bovine liver is entirely in the (left/right) half of abdominal cavity.

Answer 5

right

Question 6

Lobes of bovine liver

Answer 6

left lobe (ventral)
right lobe
quadrate lobe
caudate lobe (caudate + papillary process)

Question 7

Of the caudate lobe (bovine) the papillary process goes towards _____ while the caudate process contacts ____.

Answer 7

portal V
kidney

Question 8

(T/F) Horses have a gallbladder.

Answer 8

False

Question 9

In terms of the bovine gallbladder, the ____ duct combines with the ____ duct to form the ______.

Answer 9

cystic duct + hepatic duct = bile duct

Question 10

What enters the major duodenal papilla (bovine)?

Answer 10

bile duct

Question 11

Reason for liver biopsy in cattle

Answer 11

fatty liver in postpartum dairy cows

Question 12

Lobes of equine liver

Answer 12

left lateral lobe
left medial lobe
quadrate lobe
caudate lobe (+ caudate process)
right lobe

Question 13

Match the following with their lobe of equine liver:

colic impression
gastric impression

Answer 13

Gastric impression: left lateral lobe
Colic impression: right lobe

Question 14

Which lobes is the round ligament between? (equine)

Answer 14

left medial + quadrate

Question 15

_____ unite to form the hepatic duct in the horse and distal portion is the _____.

Answer 15

bile ductules
bile duct

Question 16

______ + _____ unite to form the hepatopancreatic ampulla and open at the (major/minor) duodenal papilla. (equine)

Answer 16

pancreatic duct + bile duct
major

Question 17

3 vessels supplies liver (equine)

Answer 17

hepatic A
portal V
hepatic Vv

Question 18

What disorder occurs with high grain ration in cattle? Why?

Answer 18

abscesses
lowers pH in rumen = “sloughing” mucosa so bacteria gets into portal system

Question 19

Signs of abscesses in ruminants (2)

Answer 19

decreased performance
increased carcass trim

Question 20

What kind of parasite infection occurs in ruminants if ingested and tunnel through the liver?

Answer 20

liver flukes (trematodes)

Question 21

In chronic liver disease, adult trematodes are in the ______. (ruminants)

Answer 21

bile ducts

Question 22

Signs of chronic liver disease (ruminants) (3)

Answer 22

gradual loss of condition
anemia
weakness

Question 23

Disorder that occurs when >80% liver is destroyed or fibrotic

Answer 23

acute generalized hepatic injury

Question 24

Main sign seen with acute generalized hepatic injury. Why?

Answer 24

head pressing –> hepatic insufficiency (toxin build up in blood)

Question 25

Icterus (jaundice) is caused by ______ in horses.

Answer 25

hyperbilirubinemia

Question 26

Term for “foal jaundice”. What occurs?

Answer 26

neonatal isoerthyrolysis
Mare’s blood type differs from foal –> stimulates reaction

Question 27

Disease with acute hepatitis associated with administration of equine blood products and leads to liver damage from toxin build up.

Answer 27

Theiler’s Disease

Question 28

Disorder when portal V doesn’t develop and blood bypasses liver

Answer 28

portosystemic shunt

Question 29

Which duct(s) enter into the duodenum at the major duodenal papilla? (equine)

Answer 29

pancreatic duct + bile duct

Question 30

Which duct(s) enter into the duodenum at the minor duodenal papilla? (equine)

Answer 30

accessory pancreatic duct

Question 31

Term for where portal V passes through equine pancreas

Answer 31

annulus pancreatis

Question 32

Small ruminants only have a ______ duct which opens at the (major/minor) duodenal papilla.

Answer 32

pancreatic
major

Question 33

The (ox/horse) has lots of smooth muscle in the spleen while the (ox/horse) and little smooth muscle so the size is restricted.

Answer 33

horse
ox