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Large Animal Anatomy > Prepuce & Mammary Gland (Exam 3) > Flashcards

Prepuce & Mammary Gland (Exam 3) Flashcards

1
Q

Fold of skin covering distal end of the penis (non-erect)

A

prepuce

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2
Q

Prepuce is also known as:

A

“free part of the penis”

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3
Q

What are the 2 layers of the prepuce?

A

external lamina
internal lamina

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4
Q

The prepuce is (glandular/non-glandular).

A

non-glandular

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5
Q

(T/F) Both parts of the prepuce are indistinct from normal hairy skin.

A

False - internal lamina is non-hairy!

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6
Q

Which part of the prepuce is continuous with the skin that covers the free part of the penis?

A

internal lamina

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7
Q

External opening of the prepuce where the external lamina reflects and becomes internal

A

preputial orifice

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8
Q

Space between the internal lamina and the skin covering the free part of the penis

A

preputial cavity

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9
Q

What muscles are derived from part of the cutaneous trunci M? Are they sensory/motor/mixed?

A

preputial Mm
motor (skeletal)

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10
Q

Which species does not have preputial muscles?

A

horse (stallion)

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11
Q

What 2 types of preputial muscles are there?

A

cranial preputial muscles
caudal preputial muscles

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12
Q

Function of cranial preputial muscles

A

pull prepuce cranially after erection

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13
Q

Function of caudal preputial muscles

A

pull prepuce caudally during erection

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14
Q

What 2 additional parts of the prepuce does the stallion have?

A
  1. preputial fold
  2. preputial ring
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15
Q

What is the extra fold of internal lamina of the prepuce in the stallion? What is its purpose?

A

preputial fold
for very long erection

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16
Q

What is the firm structure on the cranial edge of the preputial fold formed from the thickened dermis when the penis is relaxed (in the stallion)?

A

preputial ring

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17
Q

What is different about the prepuce in the boar?

A

has a preputial diverticulum

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18
Q

The preputial diverticulum of the boar is within the (internal/external) lamina and has (one/two) opening(s).

A

internal
one (but bilobed!)

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19
Q

Because of the presence of the preputial diverticulum in the pig, you must make sure your cut is on the (dorsal/ventral/medial/lateral) part of the abdominal wall cranial to the prepuce.

A

ventral (in front of the hooks)

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20
Q

The mamma is made of what two things?

A

teat + glandular complex

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21
Q

The cow has __ mamma total, __ on each side.

A

4
2

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22
Q

What is the term for the mammary gland complex in the cow?

A

udder

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23
Q

Each mamma has a body and a papilla or ______.

A

teat

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24
Q

(T/F) The greater the size of the udder, the more milk that is produced.

A

False

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25
Q

Cranially, the vessels on the udder are _____. Caudally, the vessels are ______.

A

veins
lymph vessels

26
Q

Term for the glands you can see macroscopically in the glandular complex of the mamma

A

lactiferous ducts

27
Q

Lactiferous ducts are made of many fused _______.

A

interlobular ducts

28
Q

Two parts of the lactiferous sinus of the mamma

A
  1. glandular part
  2. papillary part
29
Q

Two other names for glandular part of lactiferous sinus

A
  1. gland sinus
  2. gland cistern
30
Q

Two other names for papillary part of lactiferous sinus

A
  1. teat sinus
  2. teat cistern
31
Q

Which part of the lactiferous sinus is proximally located? Which is distal?

A

proximal: glandular part
distal: papillary part

32
Q

Name for duct which milk flows out of from the lactiferous sinus

A

papillary duct

33
Q

Two other names for papillary duct

A
  1. teat canal
  2. streak canal
34
Q

What lines the papillary duct?

A

thick, soft keratinized stratified squamous epithelium

35
Q

Term for external opening of the papillary duct to the outside

A

papillary ostium

36
Q

The papillary sphincter muscle is (longitudinally/circularly) oriented and surrounds the _________.

A

circularly
papillary ostium

37
Q

What is the function of the papillary sphincter muscle?

A

keep duct closed when not milking (prevent bacteria entering)

38
Q

Term for infection/inflammation of gland of the udder

A

mastitis

39
Q

The mare has 2 ______ and 2 _____.

A

papillary ducts
teats

40
Q

In the mare, each teat has __ gland complex(es).

A

two

41
Q

(T/F) The gland complexes between teats communicate in an intricate network.

A

False - NO communication

42
Q

The suspensory apparatus of the udder is mainly attached where?

A

layers of the abdominal wall (NOT hips)

43
Q

What are the 2 parts of the suspensory appartus of the udder?

A
  1. lateral laminae
  2. medial laminae
44
Q

The medial laminae of the suspensory apparatus of the udder is also called what?

A

suspensory ligament

45
Q

What kind of connective tissue makes up the lateral laminae of the suspensory apparatus of the udder? The medial laminae?

A

lateral: thick DICCT
medial: thin elastic connective tissue

46
Q

_______ gets thick ventrally and forms each medial lamina (split into left and right halves).

A

tunica flava

47
Q

What is the short sheet of tissue that originates from the aponeurosis of the abdominal oblique Mm and immediately divides into lateral lamina and medial femoral fascia?

A

femoral lamina

48
Q

The teat turns (laterally/medially). Why?

A

laterally
elastic medial lamina and in-elastic lateral lamina

49
Q

What is the main artery that supplies the udder?

A

external pudendal A

50
Q

The external pudendal A branches into ______ directed cranially, and ______ directed caudally.

A

cranial mammary A
caudal mammary A

51
Q

What are other names for the cranial & caudal mammary Aa?

A

cranial = caudal superficial epigastric
caudal = ventral labial branch

52
Q

What is the main vein that drains blood from the udder?

A

external pudendal vein

53
Q

What additional vein drains blood from the udder?

A

milk vein (subcutaneous abdominal V)

54
Q

When does the milk vein form?

A

late in first pregnancy

55
Q

The milk vein is formed by the anastomosis of what two vessels?

A

cranial + caudal superficial epigastric Vv

56
Q

Which vein is known as the “milk well” where milk vein perforates part of the abdominal wall?

A

cranial superficial epigastric V

57
Q

What lymph nodes are the first drainage site of the udder and at its base?

A

mammary lnn (superficial inguinal lnn)

58
Q

Lymph from the udder first drains from the mammary lymph nodes and then to ________.

A

deep ilioguinal lnn (femoral)

59
Q

Which lymph nodes can receive afferent lymph vessels from the udder and become enlarged if infected?

A

subiliac lnn

60
Q

Which lymph nodes are located by the caudal gluteal vessels and deep (therefore, not palpable).

A

tuberal lnn

Large Animal Anatomy (41 decks)

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