Prepuce & Mammary Gland (Exam 3) Flashcards
Fold of skin covering distal end of the penis (non-erect)
prepuce
Prepuce is also known as:
“free part of the penis”
What are the 2 layers of the prepuce?
external lamina
internal lamina
The prepuce is (glandular/non-glandular).
non-glandular
(T/F) Both parts of the prepuce are indistinct from normal hairy skin.
False - internal lamina is non-hairy!
Which part of the prepuce is continuous with the skin that covers the free part of the penis?
internal lamina
External opening of the prepuce where the external lamina reflects and becomes internal
preputial orifice
Space between the internal lamina and the skin covering the free part of the penis
preputial cavity
What muscles are derived from part of the cutaneous trunci M? Are they sensory/motor/mixed?
preputial Mm
motor (skeletal)
Which species does not have preputial muscles?
horse (stallion)
What 2 types of preputial muscles are there?
cranial preputial muscles
caudal preputial muscles
Function of cranial preputial muscles
pull prepuce cranially after erection
Function of caudal preputial muscles
pull prepuce caudally during erection
What 2 additional parts of the prepuce does the stallion have?
- preputial fold
- preputial ring
What is the extra fold of internal lamina of the prepuce in the stallion? What is its purpose?
preputial fold
for very long erection
What is the firm structure on the cranial edge of the preputial fold formed from the thickened dermis when the penis is relaxed (in the stallion)?
preputial ring
What is different about the prepuce in the boar?
has a preputial diverticulum
The preputial diverticulum of the boar is within the (internal/external) lamina and has (one/two) opening(s).
internal
one (but bilobed!)
Because of the presence of the preputial diverticulum in the pig, you must make sure your cut is on the (dorsal/ventral/medial/lateral) part of the abdominal wall cranial to the prepuce.
ventral (in front of the hooks)
The mamma is made of what two things?
teat + glandular complex
The cow has __ mamma total, __ on each side.
4
2
What is the term for the mammary gland complex in the cow?
udder
Each mamma has a body and a papilla or ______.
teat
(T/F) The greater the size of the udder, the more milk that is produced.
False
Cranially, the vessels on the udder are _____. Caudally, the vessels are ______.
veins
lymph vessels
Term for the glands you can see macroscopically in the glandular complex of the mamma
lactiferous ducts
Lactiferous ducts are made of many fused _______.
interlobular ducts
Two parts of the lactiferous sinus of the mamma
- glandular part
- papillary part
Two other names for glandular part of lactiferous sinus
- gland sinus
- gland cistern
Two other names for papillary part of lactiferous sinus
- teat sinus
- teat cistern
Which part of the lactiferous sinus is proximally located? Which is distal?
proximal: glandular part
distal: papillary part
Name for duct which milk flows out of from the lactiferous sinus
papillary duct
Two other names for papillary duct
- teat canal
- streak canal
What lines the papillary duct?
thick, soft keratinized stratified squamous epithelium
Term for external opening of the papillary duct to the outside
papillary ostium
The papillary sphincter muscle is (longitudinally/circularly) oriented and surrounds the _________.
circularly
papillary ostium
What is the function of the papillary sphincter muscle?
keep duct closed when not milking (prevent bacteria entering)
Term for infection/inflammation of gland of the udder
mastitis
The mare has 2 ______ and 2 _____.
papillary ducts
teats
In the mare, each teat has __ gland complex(es).
two
(T/F) The gland complexes between teats communicate in an intricate network.
False - NO communication
The suspensory apparatus of the udder is mainly attached where?
layers of the abdominal wall (NOT hips)
What are the 2 parts of the suspensory appartus of the udder?
- lateral laminae
- medial laminae
The medial laminae of the suspensory apparatus of the udder is also called what?
suspensory ligament
What kind of connective tissue makes up the lateral laminae of the suspensory apparatus of the udder? The medial laminae?
lateral: thick DICCT
medial: thin elastic connective tissue
_______ gets thick ventrally and forms each medial lamina (split into left and right halves).
tunica flava
What is the short sheet of tissue that originates from the aponeurosis of the abdominal oblique Mm and immediately divides into lateral lamina and medial femoral fascia?
femoral lamina
The teat turns (laterally/medially). Why?
laterally
elastic medial lamina and in-elastic lateral lamina
What is the main artery that supplies the udder?
external pudendal A
The external pudendal A branches into ______ directed cranially, and ______ directed caudally.
cranial mammary A
caudal mammary A
What are other names for the cranial & caudal mammary Aa?
cranial = caudal superficial epigastric
caudal = ventral labial branch
What is the main vein that drains blood from the udder?
external pudendal vein
What additional vein drains blood from the udder?
milk vein (subcutaneous abdominal V)
When does the milk vein form?
late in first pregnancy
The milk vein is formed by the anastomosis of what two vessels?
cranial + caudal superficial epigastric Vv
Which vein is known as the “milk well” where milk vein perforates part of the abdominal wall?
cranial superficial epigastric V
What lymph nodes are the first drainage site of the udder and at its base?
mammary lnn (superficial inguinal lnn)
Lymph from the udder first drains from the mammary lymph nodes and then to ________.
deep ilioguinal lnn (femoral)
Which lymph nodes can receive afferent lymph vessels from the udder and become enlarged if infected?
subiliac lnn
Which lymph nodes are located by the caudal gluteal vessels and deep (therefore, not palpable).
tuberal lnn
