Superficial Structures of Head

Question 1

The facial crest is a landmark for _________ for blood draws.

Answer 1

deep facial V

Question 2

Facial crest is the boundary for _______ sinuses and ________ N.

Answer 2

maxillary
infraorbital

Question 3

The facial crest is part of what two bones?

Answer 3

maxilla
zygomatic bone

Question 4

The zygomatic arch is formed by what 3 processes? What additional one in bovine?

Answer 4

1. temporal process of zygomatic bone
2. zygomatic process of temporal bone
3. zygomatic process of frontal bone
   Bovine: frontal process of zygomatic bone

Question 5

What nerve crosses the zygomatic arch?

Answer 5

auriculopalpebral N

Question 6

What is the clinical significance of auriculopalpebral N?

Answer 6

palpate and block eye (ability to close and pain)

Question 7

What structure marks the upper edge where temporal M attaches?

Answer 7

temporal line

Question 8

Temporal line is a landmark for blocking what nerve?

Answer 8

cornual N

Question 9

Facial A branches in horse has ________ and ______ Aa which supply the upper and bottom lip while _______ and ______ Aa supply the nostril.

Answer 9

inferior labial
superior labial
lateral nasal
dorsal nasal

Question 10

In the horse, the branches of the facial A terminate as ________ A and _______ A. In the ox, it terminates as _________ A.

Answer 10

dorsal nasal + angularis oculi
rostral lateral nasal

Question 11

(T/F) The ox has no lateral nasal or dorsal nasal A.

Answer 11

True

Question 12

(T/F) The veins in the horse branch differently than the cow.

Answer 12

False - same, but arteries differ

Question 13

The facial V joins the ________ V to form the __________ V which flow into the external jugular V.

Answer 13

lingual
linguofacial

Question 14

The parotid gland is a (mucous/serous/mucoserous) salivary gland.

Answer 14

serous

Question 15

What two clinical signs can be seen with facial paresis or facial paralysis?

Answer 15

weakness (paresis)
complete paralysis of muscles of facial expression

Question 16

What muscle elevates upper lip and nostrils? Which only elevates the upper lip?

Answer 16

levator nasolabialis M.
levator of the upper lip M.

Question 17

Which muscle moves the upper lip and creates a snarl appearance when contracted?

Answer 17

caninus M

Question 18

Which muscle brings the lip tightly together?

Answer 18

orbicularis oris M

Question 19

What is the function of the buccinator M?

Answer 19

move food/liquid from vestibule to oral cavity

Question 20

(T/F) Only cattle have a depressor of the lower lip M.

Answer 20

false - both have it

Question 21

Ruminants and the pig only have the __________ M which is ventral to the caninus M.

Answer 21

depressor of upper lip M

Question 22

What 3 muscles are responsible for moving the eyelid?

Answer 22

1. malaris M
2. orbicularis oculi M
3. levator anguli oculi medialis M

Question 23

Which muscle keeps the lower eyelid pulled ventrally when contracted and helps keep eye open?

Answer 23

malaris M

Question 24

What muscle closes the palpebral fissure and helps close the eye?

Answer 24

orbicularis oculi M

Question 25

_________ N needs to be blocked for examination of the eye since orbicularis oculi M closes the eye so tightly in large animals.

Answer 25

auriculopalpebral N

Question 26

Function of levator anguli oculi medialis M.

Answer 26

elevate medial angle of eyelids; helps keep eye open

Question 27

All muscles that move the ear attach to either _______ or _______.

Answer 27

scutiform cartilage
auricular cartilage

Question 28

Which muscle moves external ear to detect sounds and attaches to the scutiform cartilage and temporal line?

Answer 28

interscutularis M

Question 29

Which muscle attaches to the frontal bone and moves the scutiform cartilage?

Answer 29

frontoscutularis M

Question 30

Which muscle pulls the external ear ventrally?

Answer 30

parotidoauricularis M

Question 31

What group of multiple muscles go from the scutiform to auricular cartilage and their contraction moves the ear in any direction?

Answer 31

scutuloauricularis Mm

Question 32

The facial N is (motor/sensory/mixed) and attaches to _________ of brain.

Answer 32

mixed
medulla oblongata

Question 33

What is the sensory ganglion of the facial N called?

Answer 33

geniculate ganglion

Question 34

The facial N is motor to _________ and sensory to ________ and ________.

Answer 34

muscles of facial expression
skin of ear canal & taste on rostral 2/3 tongue

Question 35

The facial N provides PSNS innervation to what structures?

Answer 35

lacrimal gland
mandibular/sublingual salivary glands

Question 36

The facial N enters _________ in the skull and through the ________ and finally exits via the ________.

Answer 36

internal acoustic meatus
facial canal
stylomastoid foramen

Question 37

After the facial N exits through the stylomastoid foramen, it branches into ________ and _______.

Answer 37

auriculopalpebral N
buccal branches

Question 38

Auriculopalpebral N and buccal branches of Facial N are (sensory/motor) to what structures?

Answer 38

motor
auriculopalpebral N: rostral auricular Mm, orbicularis oculi, levator anguli oculi medialis

buccal branches: muscles that move nostrils, lips, cheeks

Question 39

(T/F) The buccal branches of the Facial N supply motor innervation to the masseter M.

Answer 39

False - only muscles of facial expression

Question 40

Function of masseter muscle.

Answer 40

closes jaw (mastication)

Question 41

The masseter M is innervated by ________ N, a motor branch of the _______ N.

Answer 41

mandibular N
trigeminal N

Question 42

What sinus is located just deep to the masseter’s attachment to the facial crest?

Answer 42

deep facial V sinus