Superficial Structures of Head Flashcards
The facial crest is a landmark for _________ for blood draws.
deep facial V
Facial crest is the boundary for _______ sinuses and ________ N.
maxillary
infraorbital
The facial crest is part of what two bones?
maxilla
zygomatic bone
The zygomatic arch is formed by what 3 processes? What additional one in bovine?
- temporal process of zygomatic bone
- zygomatic process of temporal bone
- zygomatic process of frontal bone
Bovine: frontal process of zygomatic bone
What nerve crosses the zygomatic arch?
auriculopalpebral N
What is the clinical significance of auriculopalpebral N?
palpate and block eye (ability to close and pain)
What structure marks the upper edge where temporal M attaches?
temporal line
Temporal line is a landmark for blocking what nerve?
cornual N
Facial A branches in horse has ________ and ______ Aa which supply the upper and bottom lip while _______ and ______ Aa supply the nostril.
inferior labial
superior labial
lateral nasal
dorsal nasal
In the horse, the branches of the facial A terminate as ________ A and _______ A. In the ox, it terminates as _________ A.
dorsal nasal + angularis oculi
rostral lateral nasal
(T/F) The ox has no lateral nasal or dorsal nasal A.
True
(T/F) The veins in the horse branch differently than the cow.
False - same, but arteries differ
The facial V joins the ________ V to form the __________ V which flow into the external jugular V.
lingual
linguofacial
The parotid gland is a (mucous/serous/mucoserous) salivary gland.
serous
What two clinical signs can be seen with facial paresis or facial paralysis?
weakness (paresis)
complete paralysis of muscles of facial expression
What muscle elevates upper lip and nostrils? Which only elevates the upper lip?
levator nasolabialis M.
levator of the upper lip M.
Which muscle moves the upper lip and creates a snarl appearance when contracted?
caninus M
Which muscle brings the lip tightly together?
orbicularis oris M
What is the function of the buccinator M?
move food/liquid from vestibule to oral cavity
(T/F) Only cattle have a depressor of the lower lip M.
false - both have it
Ruminants and the pig only have the __________ M which is ventral to the caninus M.
depressor of upper lip M
What 3 muscles are responsible for moving the eyelid?
- malaris M
- orbicularis oculi M
- levator anguli oculi medialis M
Which muscle keeps the lower eyelid pulled ventrally when contracted and helps keep eye open?
malaris M
What muscle closes the palpebral fissure and helps close the eye?
orbicularis oculi M
_________ N needs to be blocked for examination of the eye since orbicularis oculi M closes the eye so tightly in large animals.
auriculopalpebral N
Function of levator anguli oculi medialis M.
elevate medial angle of eyelids; helps keep eye open
All muscles that move the ear attach to either _______ or _______.
scutiform cartilage
auricular cartilage
Which muscle moves external ear to detect sounds and attaches to the scutiform cartilage and temporal line?
interscutularis M
Which muscle attaches to the frontal bone and moves the scutiform cartilage?
frontoscutularis M
Which muscle pulls the external ear ventrally?
parotidoauricularis M
What group of multiple muscles go from the scutiform to auricular cartilage and their contraction moves the ear in any direction?
scutuloauricularis Mm
The facial N is (motor/sensory/mixed) and attaches to _________ of brain.
mixed
medulla oblongata
What is the sensory ganglion of the facial N called?
geniculate ganglion
The facial N is motor to _________ and sensory to ________ and ________.
muscles of facial expression
skin of ear canal & taste on rostral 2/3 tongue
The facial N provides PSNS innervation to what structures?
lacrimal gland
mandibular/sublingual salivary glands
The facial N enters _________ in the skull and through the ________ and finally exits via the ________.
internal acoustic meatus
facial canal
stylomastoid foramen
After the facial N exits through the stylomastoid foramen, it branches into ________ and _______.
auriculopalpebral N
buccal branches
Auriculopalpebral N and buccal branches of Facial N are (sensory/motor) to what structures?
motor
auriculopalpebral N: rostral auricular Mm, orbicularis oculi, levator anguli oculi medialis
buccal branches: muscles that move nostrils, lips, cheeks
(T/F) The buccal branches of the Facial N supply motor innervation to the masseter M.
False - only muscles of facial expression
Function of masseter muscle.
closes jaw (mastication)
The masseter M is innervated by ________ N, a motor branch of the _______ N.
mandibular N
trigeminal N
What sinus is located just deep to the masseter’s attachment to the facial crest?
deep facial V sinus
