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Large Animal Anatomy > Teeth > Flashcards

Teeth Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 4 surfaces of a tooth?

A
  1. occlusal surface
  2. contact surfaces (2)
  3. lingual surface
  4. vestibular surface
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2
Q

Match the tooth surface to its description:

  1. faces adjacent teeth of same dental arch
  2. faces tongue
  3. faces opposite dental arch
  4. faces vestibule of oral cavity
A
  1. contact surfaces
  2. lingual surface
  3. occlusal surface
  4. vestibular surface
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3
Q

What are the 3 function of teeth?

A
  1. prehension (getting food into oral cavity)
  2. mastication
  3. offense/defense
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4
Q

In addition to teeth, cattle use the _______ extensively for prehension while the horse uses ________.

A

tongue
lips

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5
Q

What are the 2 types of teeth?

A

brachydont
hypsodont

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6
Q

Match the teeth to whether that are brachydont or hypsodont:

  1. all carnivore teeth
  2. all horse teeth
  3. ruminant cheek teeth
  4. pig canine teeth
  5. all pig teeth (ex. canine)
  6. ruminant incisors
A
  1. brachydont
  2. hypsodont
  3. hypsodont
  4. hypsodont
  5. brachydont
  6. brachydont
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7
Q

(Brachydont/hypsodont) teeth have a crown and a neck.

A

brachydont

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8
Q

A brachydont tooth crown is covered by _______.

A

enamel

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9
Q

Term for projections of the brachydont crown on the occlusal surface to tear/crush food.

A

cusps

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10
Q

In the root of brachydont teeth, _______ is where vessels, lymph, and nerves enter the pulp cavity.

A

apical foramen

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11
Q

What are the 2 structures within the dental (pulp) cavity?

A

crown cavity
root canal

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12
Q

_________ is the part of the pulp cavity within the crown of the tooth and the _________ is the portion with the tooth roots.

A

crown cavity
root canal

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13
Q

What structure is a collection of collagen fibers that anchor the tooth in the alveolus?

A

periodontal ligament

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14
Q

The alveolus is lined by a thin layer of compact bone called _________.

A

lamina dura

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15
Q

________ means “high tooth” while ________ means “short tooth”.

A

hypsodont
brachydont

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16
Q

(T/F) Hypsodont teeth continue to emerge from the alveolus after eruption for most of the animal’s life.

A

True

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17
Q

(T/F) The hypsodont tooth has a crown but no neck.

A

False - neither

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18
Q

Term for visible part of hypsodont tooth that projects above gingiva.

A

clinical crown

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19
Q

Term for part of hypsodont tooth concealed by gingiva and alveolus.

A

clinical root

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20
Q

Among domestic species, the _____ is the only one with a full set of mammalian teeth with _____ permanent teeth.

A

pig
44

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21
Q

Which teeth in the horse are known as “wolf teeth”?

A

premolars (P2, P3, P4)

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22
Q

Which teeth have no deciduous predecessors?

A

molars & first premolars (P1)

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23
Q

In piglets, the deciduous third incisors and canines erupt at birth. They have sharp points and are called:

A

needle teeth

24
Q

Term for funnel-shaped area of invaginated cementum and enamel from the occlusal surface of the tooth.

A

infundibulum

25
Q

Term for the cavity of the infundibulum.

A

cup

26
Q

The infundibulum is the area of invaginated _______ and _______.

A

cementum + enamel

27
Q

What gets lodged into the cups?

A

food particles + cementum

28
Q

What becomes exposed as the occlusal surface wears down over time?

A

pulp cavity

29
Q

What is the “new dentin” produced by odontoblasts around the pulp cavity as the tooth wears down over time?

A

dental star

30
Q

A dental star is the new ________ produced as the tooth wears down.

A

dentin

31
Q

What is the most accurate way to age horses?

A

eruption dates of incisors

32
Q

After _______ years, all horse incisor teeth have erupted and begin contacting the tooth in the opposite arcade leading to wear.

A

5 years

33
Q

Match the eruption dates to the deciduous incisor teeth:

  1. Di1
  2. Di2
  3. Di3
A
  1. 6 days
  2. 6 weeks
  3. 6 months
34
Q

Match the eruption dates to the permanent incisor teeth:

  1. I1
  2. I2
  3. I3
A
  1. 2.5 years
  2. 3.5 years
  3. 4.5 years
35
Q

What are the “in wear” dates of permanent incisor teeth?

A

I1: 3 years
I2: 4 years
I3: 5 years

36
Q

If canine teeth are visible in a horse, it has to be at least how old?

A

3.5 years old

37
Q

(Upper/lower) incisors wear more than (upper/lower) incisors of horses.

A

lower upper

38
Q

When horse tooth has worn so there are two separate rings of enamel on occlusal surface is called:

A

level

39
Q

When the space is gone but there are remnants of the infundibulum this is called:

A

cup gone

40
Q

What are the “cup gone” dates of permanent lower incisors of horse?

A

I1: 6 years
I2: 7 years
I3: 8 years

41
Q

Term for small ring of enamel left when the cup is gone to lower incisor horse teeth.

A

enamel spot

42
Q

What 3 shapes can the lower incisors be which helps age horse teeth?

A
  1. oval
  2. triangular
  3. biangular
43
Q

Match the approximate horse ages to the lower incisor shape:

  1. oval
  2. triangular
  3. biangular
A
  1. 5-9 years
  2. 10-15 years
  3. 16-20 years
44
Q

What is meant by incisors “in profile”? What age horse has this?

A

almost straight angle of teeth
in young horses (older angle outward)

45
Q

The upper I3 incisor develops _______ which can be helpful in aging horses.

A

seven year hook

46
Q

When does the “seven year hook” appear in horses?

A

7 years
again at 11-13 years

47
Q

________ groove is only on the upper third incisor that is helpful in aging teeth of horses.

A

galvayne’s groove

48
Q

Galvayne’s groove takes on a dark pigment on its vestibular surface since it is filled with ___________.

A

cementum

49
Q

Match the approximate age depending on where Galvayne’s groove is located:

  1. At gum line
  2. half-way down tooth
  3. reaches occlusal surface
A
  1. 10 years
  2. 15 years
  3. 20 years
50
Q

Match which quadrant of teeth is labelled with the triadan numbering system starting with 1-4.

A

1 = upper right
2 = upper left
3 = lower left
4 = lower right

51
Q

What are the first triadan numbers for deciduous teeth?

A

5,6,7,8

52
Q

For teeth in cattle, what are the full names for incisors I1, I2, I3, I4?

A

I1: central incisor
I2: first intermediate incisor
I3: second intermediate incisor
I4: corner incisor

53
Q

When have all deciduous incisors erupted and clearly seen in cattle?

A

3-4 weeks

54
Q

List eruption dates of permanent incisors of cattle.

A

I1: 1.5-2 years
I2: 2-2.5 years
I3: 3 years
I4: 3.5-4 years

55
Q

At _____ years, all incisors are “level” in cattle.

A

9 years

56
Q

What is different about the wear in pig teeth?

A

lower jaw wider than upper jaw (opposite in other domestic mammals)

57
Q

Term for procedure of equine teeth to extract cheek teeth by drilling a hole opposite of the tooth body and inserting punch to break tooth into oral cavity for removal.

A

repulsion

Large Animal Anatomy (41 decks)

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