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Physiology 202 > Unit 5 Lecture 38 > Flashcards

Unit 5 Lecture 38 Flashcards

1
Q

Organs of the female repro

A

Ovary, fimbriae, ampulla, uterus, cervix, vagina

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2
Q

Function of ovary

A

oocyte and hormone production

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3
Q

Function of fimbriar

A

collects ovum from ovary

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4
Q

Function of ampulla

A

most common site of fertilization

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5
Q

Function of uterus

A

implantation and contraction

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6
Q

Function of vagina

A

sperm deposition

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7
Q

When are oocytes made?

A

before birth

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8
Q

Define oogenesis

A

Formation of ovum (egg) from oogonium

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9
Q

What is the first process of oogenesis and when does it occur in life?

A

mitosis fetal period

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10
Q

What happens during mitosis?

A

oogonium –> primary oocyte

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11
Q

What process occurs after mitosis and when does it happen in life?

A

Prophase I of Meiosis I starts from fetal period to puberty

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12
Q

During puberty, what within the primary oocyte forms?

A

Primary follicle becomes a secondary follicle

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13
Q

What process happens after Meiosis I?

A

Meiosis II

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14
Q

What happens during Meiosis II and at what phase?

A

Primary oocyte –> secondary oocyte stops @ metaphase II

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15
Q

What forms within the secondary oocyte?

A

Mature (graafian) follicle

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16
Q

What is the only way for the secondary oocyte to complete meiosis II?

A

Fertilization - secondary oocyte comes in contact with a sperm cell

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17
Q

What does the secondary oocyte become after contact with a sperm?

A

OVUM (egg)….. once the nuclei unite, its called a ZYGOTE

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18
Q

If the secondary oocyte does not come in contact with a sperm cell, what process happens?

A

ovulation of mature (graafian) follicle

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19
Q

What are found in ovaries and list the types?

A

follicles

primordial, antral, and mature

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20
Q

What are follicles made of?

A

Oocytes and follicular cells

21
Q

What cells are found within ovaries and where are they?

A

Theca cells - outside follice

granulosa cells - within follicle

22
Q

Overall, what do mature follicles synthesize and secrete?

A

estradiol

23
Q

What is estradiol?

A

major type of estrogen produced in the ovaries

24
Q

What do Theca cells do?

A

Turn cholesterol into androstenedione with LH

25
Q

What do Granulosa cells do?

A

Turn androstenedione into estradiol with FSH

26
Q

When does the ability to release eggs start?

A

puberty

27
Q

What are the 2 main cycles that happen in a female?

A

Ovarian and Uterine cycles

28
Q

What are the 3 phases of the ovarian cycle?

A
  1. Follicular phase
  2. Ovulation
  3. Luteal phase
29
Q

Step 1 of follicular phase

A

Primary oocyte suspended in first meiotic division at birth

30
Q

Step 2 of follicular phase

A

follicles and cells grow

31
Q

Step 3 of follicular phase

A

Antrum (fluid filled space in follicle) forms

32
Q

What stimulates growth of antrum?

A

FSH and LH

33
Q

Step 4 of follicular phase

A

Mature follicle synthesizes and secretes estradiol

34
Q

Step 1 of ovulation phase

A

Wall of follicle and ovary broken down

35
Q

What breaks down the walls of follicles and ovaries during ovulation?

A

proteases, collagenases, and prostaglandins

36
Q

Step 2 of ovulation phase

A
  • primary oocyte becomes secondary oocyte (first division)

- ovum is released into abdominal cavity

37
Q

Step 1 of luteal phase

A

Follicular wall left behind will transform into corpus luteum under influence of LH

38
Q

Step 2 of luteal phase

A

corpus luteum produces progesterone and estrogen

39
Q

Name the histology layers of the uterus

A

endometrium, myometrium and perimetrium

40
Q

What happens to the endometrium during menstruation?

A

Stratum functionalism is sloughed off and stratum basalis replaces stratum functionalis

41
Q

What are the 3 phases of the uterine cycle?

A
  1. menses
  2. proliferation phase
  3. secretory phase
42
Q

What happens during the menses phase?

A

degeneration and sloughing off of stratum functionalis

“Menstruation”

43
Q

What happens during proliferation phase

A

regrowth of endometrium

44
Q

What happens during secretory phase?

A

endometrium glands secrete special mucous in response to progesterone and estrogen to prepare for potential implantation of a fertilized ovum

45
Q

What happens if fertilization does not occur?

A

corpus luteum will degenerate and the stratum functionalis will be lost with menses

46
Q

What hormone is released by a growing human embryo?

A

hCG

47
Q

What does hCG do?

A

halts the cycle by rescuring the corpus luetum from degeneration to support pregnancy

48
Q

After several months of pregnancy, what takes over hormone production?

A

placenta

49
Q

List the days between each uterine phase

A

menses: 1-5
proliferation: 6-14
secretory: 17 - 28

Physiology 202 (43 decks)

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