Unit 5 Lecture 39

Question 1

What controls the female repro cycle and from where?

Answer 1

hormones from hypothalamus, anterior pituitary, and ovary

Question 2

What are the 2 monthly cycles that make up the female repro?

Answer 2

1. ovarian cycle

2. uterine cycle

Question 3

Define ovarian cycle

Answer 3

changes in the ovary during and after maturation of the oocyte

Question 4

Define uterine cycle

Answer 4

preparation of the uterus to receive fertilized ovum, and if implantation does not occur, the stratum functionalism is shed

Question 5

What hormone is the ovarian cycle driven by?

Answer 5

GnRH - gonadotropin releasing hormone - from the hypothalamus

Question 6

What does GnRH stimulate in the anterior pituitary?

Answer 6

the release of FSH and LH

Question 7

What does FSH influence in the ovarian cycle?

Answer 7

follicular phase

Question 8

What does LH influence in the ovarian cycle?

Answer 8

part of follicular phase (including ovulation) and luteal phase

Question 9

What hormone does the follicular phase produce?

Answer 9

estrogen

Question 10

What follicle makes the most estrogen?

Answer 10

Graafian

Question 11

What does estrogen influence in the uterine cycle?

Answer 11

menstruation and proliferation

Question 12

What hormones do the luteal phase produce?

Answer 12

estrogen and progesterone

Question 13

What does estrogen and progesterone influence in the uterine cycle?

Answer 13

secretory phase

Question 14

What happens during the menstrual phase in the ovary and uterus?

Answer 14

ovary - follicles secrete estrogen and fluid fills antrum from granulosa cells

uterus - low levels of progesterone causes arteries and tissue to die –> stratum functionalis is shed

Question 15

What happens during the preovulation phase in the ovary and uterus?

Answer 15

ovary - (follicular phase) secretion of estrogen and inhibin slows secretion of FSH, graafian enlarges, and increasing estrogen triggers LH secretion

Uterus - (proliferation phase) increasing estrogen repairs strat. funct.

Question 16

At ow, moderate and high concentrations, what does estrogen do?

Answer 16

low - simulates release of GnRH only in the presence of progesterone

moderate - inhibits release of GnRH

high - stimulates release of GnRH

Question 17

What happens during the ovulation phase concerning hormones and the phases?

Answer 17

1. high levels of estrogen from mature follicle stimulates more GnRH
2. GnRH releases more LH and FSH
3. LH influences ovulation

Question 18

What happens during the postovulatory phase in the ovary and uterus?

Answer 18

ovary - no fertilization: corpus albicans is formed, yes fertilization: embryo secretes hCG which keeps corpus luteum alive

uterus- no fertilization: menstrual phase starts, yes fertilization: corpus luteum’s hormones thicken endometrium

Question 19

Summary: what hormone is secreted by the hypothalamus and controls the female repro cycle?

Answer 19

GnRH

Question 20

What does GnRH stimulate the anterior pituitary to secrete?

Answer 20

FSH and LH

Question 21

Function of FSH in the female repro cycle?

Answer 21

initiates growth of follicles that secrete estrogen

Question 22

Function of LH in the female repro cycle?

Answer 22

Stimualtes ovulation and promotes formation of the corpus luteum

Question 23

What does the corpus luteum secrete?

Answer 23

estrogen, progesterone AND relaxin and inhibin

Question 24

Function of progesterone

Answer 24

prepares uterus for implantation and the mammary glands for milk secretion

Question 25

Function of relaxin

Answer 25

facilitates implantation in the relaxed uterus

Question 26

Function of inhibin

Answer 26

inhibits the secretion of FSH