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Physiology 202 > Unit 1 Lecture 8 > Flashcards

Unit 1 Lecture 8 Flashcards

1
Q

What 3 things controls blood pressure and blood flow?

A
  1. Neural control
  2. Hormonal control
  3. Local control
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2
Q

What makes up neural control?

A

cardiovascualr reflexes

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3
Q

What makes up hormonal control?

A
  • catecholaminies, ADH, angiotensin II and aldosterone
  • ANP
  • Histamine
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4
Q

Where does neural control occur?

A

Cardiac centers of the medulla and the vagus nerve

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5
Q

What does the neural control regulate?

A

Heart rate, Stroke volume, and blood vessel diameter

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6
Q

Where does the cardiovascular (CV) center receive its information?

A
  • Higher brain centers
  • propriocenters
  • baroreceptors
  • chemoreceptors
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7
Q

What type of nerve impulses are sent to the cardiovascular center?

A

sensory nerve impulses

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8
Q

What higher brain centers input to the CV center?

A

Cerebral cortex, limbic system, and hypothalamus

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9
Q

What does proprioceptors do?

A

monitor joint movements

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10
Q

What does baroreceptors do?

A

monitor blood pressure

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11
Q

What does chemoreceptors do?

A

monitor blood acidity, CO2, and O2

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12
Q

Where does the neural control send its information?

A

the cardiovascular center (in the brainstem?)

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13
Q

What are the 3 functional regions of the cardiovascular center?

A
  • cardioinhibitory center
  • cardioacceleratory center
  • vasomotor center
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14
Q

what functional regions of the cardiovascular center is responsible for the sympathetic ns?

A

cardioacceleratory center and (partly) vasomotor center

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15
Q

What functional regions of the cardiovascular center is responsible for the parasympathetic ns?

A

cardioinhibitory center

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16
Q

What 3 nerves output to effectors for the cardiovascular center of the Neural control?

A
  • Vagus nerves
  • cardiac accelerator nerves
  • vasomotor nerves
17
Q

What ns are the vagus nerves a part of?

A

parasympathetic

18
Q

What ns are the cardiac accelerator nerves a part of?

A

sympathetic

19
Q

what ns are the vasomotor nerves a part of?

A

sympathetic

20
Q

Where does the cv center output to?

A

heart and blood vessels

21
Q

What type of nerve impulses output to effectors from the CV center?

A

motor nerve impulses

22
Q

What effect does the vagus nerve have on the heart?

A

decreases heart rate

23
Q

What effect does the cardiac accelerator nerves have on the heart?

A

increases heart rate and contractility

24
Q

What effect does the vasomotor nerves have on the blood vessels?

A

regulates blood vessel diameter -> vasoconstriction

25
Q

How are cardiovascular reflexes produced?

A

By afferent signals of

  1. Baroreceptors
  2. Chemoreceptors
  3. Proprioceptors
26
Q

What are the most important receptors in the cardiovascular regulation?

A

Baroreceptors and chemoreceptors

27
Q

What are the 2 types of baroreceptors?

A

High pressure and low pressure baroreceptors

28
Q

Where are high pressure baroreceptors found?

A

Carotid sinus and aortic arch

29
Q

How do baroreceptors enter the CV center in high pressure?

A

CN IX and X

30
Q

Where are low pressure baroceptors found?

A

Walls of right atria and vena cava

31
Q

What do baroceptors basically do?

A

Baroceptors are stretch receptors that send action potenials to the brain when the arterial wall changes due to pressure

32
Q

Where are chemoreceptors found?

A

carotid sinus and walls of asscending aorta

33
Q

Where do chemoreceptors reflex to?

A

Caroid sinus -> CN IX -> medula

ascending aorta -> CN X -> medula

34
Q

What triggers chermoreceptors?

A

Increased H2, increased CO2 and HYPOXIA

35
Q

What effect do chemoreceptors have on the heart (rate etc)

A

part of sympathetic division

INCREASES HR, SV and vasoconstriction

36
Q
A

Physiology 202 (43 decks)

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