Unit 3 Lecture 22 Flashcards
What two main structures in the brain control most aspects of growth, development, metabolism, and homeostasis?
Hypothalamus and pituitary gland
What is the purpose of the hypothalamus?
Receives info from body and sends it to the pituitary gland to deal with
What are the parts of the pituitary gland?
Anterior pituitary (big) and posterior pituitary gland (small)
What is the “stock” part between the hypothalamus and the pituitary gland?
Infundibulum
What do hormones travel in between the hypothalamus and the pituitary gland?
plexuses
Define plexus
a network of nerves or vessels in the body
How many plexuses are in the pituitary gland?
3
Anterior - 2
Posterior - 1
What is the name of the plexus in the posterior pituitary gland?
Capillary plexus of infundibular process
What is the name of the plexuses in the anterior pituitary gland?
Primary and secondary plexus of hypophyseal portal systems
Explain how hormones go from the hypothalamus to the posterior pituitary gland?
Hypothalamus MAKES hormones for the posterior pituitary gland and sends them directly to it
Explain how hormones go from the hypothalamus to the anterior pituitary gland?
Hypothalamus sends “releasing” or “inhibiting” hormones to the anterior pituitary which controls which AP hormones are released
True or false: Does the anterior pituitary gland makes it own hormones?
True
True or False: Does the posterior pituitary gland make its own hormones?
False
What do the “releasing” and “inhibiting” hormones of the hypothalamus act on in the anterior pituitary gland?
5 anterior pituitary cells
What are the 5 anterior pituitary cells?
- Somatotrophs
- Thyrotrophs
- Lactotrophs
- Gonadotrophs
- Corticotrophs
What do the 5 anterior pituitary cells secrete
The 7 anterior pituitary gland hormones
What do Somatotrophs secrete?
Human growth hormone (hGH)
What do thyrotrophs secrete?
Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH)
What do lactotrophs secrete?
Prolactin (PRL)
What do gonadotrophs secrete?
- Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)
- Lutenizing hormone (LH)
What do corticotrophs secrete?
- Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)
- Melanocyte stimulating hormone (MSH)
Is there more pressure in arterial end or the venous end of the portal system?
Venous end
*arterial end is lower pressure bc there has to be more pressure outside of system in order for fluids to flow in
What are the hypothalamic hormones that regulate anterior pituitary hormones?
- Growth hormone releasing hormone (GHRH)
- Growth hormone inhibiting hormone (GHIH)
- Gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRG)
- Prolactin releasing hormone (PRH)
- Prolactin inhibiting hormone (PIH or Dopamine)
- Corticotropin releasing hormone (CRH)
- Thryotropin releasing hormone (TRH)
What hormone does the growth hormone releasing hormone(GHRH) regulate in the anterior pituitary gland?
Human growth hormone (hGH)
What hormone does the growth hormone inhibiting hormone (GHIH) regulate in the anterior pituitary gland?
Human growth hormone (hGH)
What hormone does the gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) regulate in the anterior pituitary gland?
Lutenizing hormone (LH) and Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)
What hormone does the Prolactin releasing hormone (PRH) regulate in the anterior pituitary gland?
Prolactin (PRL)
What hormone does the Prolactin inhibiting hormone (PIH or Dopamine) regulate in the anterior pituitary gland?
Prolactin (PRL) and Melanocyte stimulating hormone (MSH)
What hormone does the corticotropin releasing hormone (CRH) regulate in the anterior pituitary gland?
Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) and melanocyte stimulating hormone (MSH)
What hormone does the Thyrotropin releasing hormone (TRH) regulate in the anterior pituitary gland?
thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH)
