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Physiology 202 > Unit 3 Lecture 22 > Flashcards

Unit 3 Lecture 22 Flashcards

1
Q

What two main structures in the brain control most aspects of growth, development, metabolism, and homeostasis?

A

Hypothalamus and pituitary gland

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2
Q

What is the purpose of the hypothalamus?

A

Receives info from body and sends it to the pituitary gland to deal with

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3
Q

What are the parts of the pituitary gland?

A

Anterior pituitary (big) and posterior pituitary gland (small)

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4
Q

What is the “stock” part between the hypothalamus and the pituitary gland?

A

Infundibulum

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5
Q

What do hormones travel in between the hypothalamus and the pituitary gland?

A

plexuses

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6
Q

Define plexus

A

a network of nerves or vessels in the body

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7
Q

How many plexuses are in the pituitary gland?

A

3

Anterior - 2

Posterior - 1

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8
Q

What is the name of the plexus in the posterior pituitary gland?

A

Capillary plexus of infundibular process

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9
Q

What is the name of the plexuses in the anterior pituitary gland?

A

Primary and secondary plexus of hypophyseal portal systems

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10
Q

Explain how hormones go from the hypothalamus to the posterior pituitary gland?

A

Hypothalamus MAKES hormones for the posterior pituitary gland and sends them directly to it

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11
Q

Explain how hormones go from the hypothalamus to the anterior pituitary gland?

A

Hypothalamus sends “releasing” or “inhibiting” hormones to the anterior pituitary which controls which AP hormones are released

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12
Q

True or false: Does the anterior pituitary gland makes it own hormones?

A

True

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13
Q

True or False: Does the posterior pituitary gland make its own hormones?

A

False

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14
Q

What do the “releasing” and “inhibiting” hormones of the hypothalamus act on in the anterior pituitary gland?

A

5 anterior pituitary cells

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15
Q

What are the 5 anterior pituitary cells?

A
  1. Somatotrophs
  2. Thyrotrophs
  3. Lactotrophs
  4. Gonadotrophs
  5. Corticotrophs
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16
Q

What do the 5 anterior pituitary cells secrete

A

The 7 anterior pituitary gland hormones

17
Q

What do Somatotrophs secrete?

A

Human growth hormone (hGH)

18
Q

What do thyrotrophs secrete?

A

Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH)

19
Q

What do lactotrophs secrete?

A

Prolactin (PRL)

20
Q

What do gonadotrophs secrete?

A
  • Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)

- Lutenizing hormone (LH)

21
Q

What do corticotrophs secrete?

A
  • Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)

- Melanocyte stimulating hormone (MSH)

22
Q

Is there more pressure in arterial end or the venous end of the portal system?

A

Venous end

*arterial end is lower pressure bc there has to be more pressure outside of system in order for fluids to flow in

23
Q

What are the hypothalamic hormones that regulate anterior pituitary hormones?

A
  • Growth hormone releasing hormone (GHRH)
  • Growth hormone inhibiting hormone (GHIH)
  • Gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRG)
  • Prolactin releasing hormone (PRH)
  • Prolactin inhibiting hormone (PIH or Dopamine)
  • Corticotropin releasing hormone (CRH)
  • Thryotropin releasing hormone (TRH)
24
Q

What hormone does the growth hormone releasing hormone(GHRH) regulate in the anterior pituitary gland?

A

Human growth hormone (hGH)

25
Q

What hormone does the growth hormone inhibiting hormone (GHIH) regulate in the anterior pituitary gland?

A

Human growth hormone (hGH)

26
Q

What hormone does the gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) regulate in the anterior pituitary gland?

A

Lutenizing hormone (LH) and Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)

27
Q

What hormone does the Prolactin releasing hormone (PRH) regulate in the anterior pituitary gland?

A

Prolactin (PRL)

28
Q

What hormone does the Prolactin inhibiting hormone (PIH or Dopamine) regulate in the anterior pituitary gland?

A

Prolactin (PRL) and Melanocyte stimulating hormone (MSH)

29
Q

What hormone does the corticotropin releasing hormone (CRH) regulate in the anterior pituitary gland?

A

Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) and melanocyte stimulating hormone (MSH)

30
Q

What hormone does the Thyrotropin releasing hormone (TRH) regulate in the anterior pituitary gland?

A

thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH)

Physiology 202 (43 decks)

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