Unit 4 Lecture 31 pt. 2 Flashcards
When does the absorptive state occur?
After a meal when nutrients enter the blood and need to be stored
What 2 main things are absorbed within the the absorptive state?
glucose and amino acids
What system absorbs glucose and amino acids?
Hepatic portal system
Where are glucose and amino acids sent to first during absorptive state?
Liver hepatocytes
Glucose mostly becomes what when entering liver cells during absorptive state and @ what %?
- glycogen 10%
- triglycerides 40%
Besides from the liver, where else can amino acids and glucose be absorbed during absorptive state?
- skeletal muscle
- adipose tissue adipocytes
Where is the majority of glucose absorbed during absorptive state and what %?
Skeletal muscle - 90%
What does skeletal muscle require for max contractions?
O2
When skeletal muscle doesn’t have enough O2 to make ATP, what does it use and what does it make?
Uses glucose to make pyruvate
What happens to amino acids in the liver during absorptive state?
Deaminated (loss of amine) to keto acids then becomes fatty acids or glucose
What do fatty acids become in the liver during absorptive state?
Triglycerides
Where can triglycerides be absorbed during absorptive state?
adipose tissue - adipocytes
When does the post-absorptive state occur?
4 hours after meal when absorption of all nutrients is complete (starvation)
What is a normal blood glucose level?
70 - 110 mg/dL of blood
How does the body maintain normal blood glucose levels?
- put glucose back into the body
- use alternative fuel sources
What makes glucose in the liver during the post-absorptive state?
Amino acids, lactic acid and glycerol
Where does amino acids and lactic acid come from during the post-absorptive state?
skeletal muscle
Where does glycerol come from during the post-absorptive state?
adipose tissue - adipocytes
Besides from glycerol, what else is sent from adipose tissue into the blood then liver during the post-absorptive state?
fatty acids
What do fatty acids must become in the liver before they do to the brain?
ketone bodies
What two things absorbed by the brain make ATP during the post-absorptive state?
glucose and ketone bodies
What do most cells use for alternative fuel sources?
fatty acids that undergo Krebs cycle (as Acetyl CoA)
What does the brain use for alternative fuel?
glucose but it can use ketone bodies (from fatty acids)
