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Physiology 202 > Unit 1 Lecture 7 > Flashcards

Unit 1 Lecture 7 Flashcards

1
Q

Define hemodynamics

A

The study of fluid flow in the circulatory system

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2
Q

What way do fluids ALWAYS flow in the circulatory system?

A

High pressure -> low pressure

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3
Q

What causes resistance to fluid flow?

A

Friction between molecules in fluid and the walls of the tube

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4
Q

What is the relationship between flow and resistance?

A

frictional resistance REDUCES flow

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5
Q

List the increasing order of system’s total cross sectional area

A

Aorta - 3 cm^2

Vena Cavae - 14 cm^2

Capillaries - 5000 cm^2

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6
Q

What does cross sectional area mean?

A

Probably the area that the system covers in the body????

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7
Q

What system has the strongest flow velocity?

A

aorta @ 40 cm/sec

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8
Q

What system has the weakest flow velocity?

A

capillaries

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9
Q

What is the capillary flow velocity?

A

0.1 cm/sec

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10
Q

What is unique about capillaries cross sectional area and flow velocity?

A

They have a very high cross sectional area and very low flow velocity

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11
Q

True or false:

Blood pressure is not equal throughout the cardiovascular system

A

True, blood requires a pressure difference in order to flow

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12
Q

Define driving pressure

A

blood’s pressure difference that allows it to flow

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13
Q

What does blood pressure due in relation to the heart beat?

A

It flows with the heatbeat

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14
Q

What word describes how blood pressure is in phase with the heartbeat

A

pulsatile

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15
Q

When is blood pressure the highest?

A

during systole

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16
Q

define systole

A

heart contraction

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17
Q

When is blood pressure the lowest?

A

during diastole

18
Q

define diastole

A

heart relaxation

19
Q

Where is there the highest pressure in the body?

A

Aorta -> arteriest -> arterioles -> capillaries -> venules -> veins -> vena cava

20
Q

What is the mean arterial blood pressure?

A

Blood pressure in between systolic and diastolic blood pressure

21
Q

What is the formula for mean arterial blood pressure?

A

MAP = DAP + 1/3 (SBP-DBP)

22
Q

2 factors of arterial blood pressure

A
  1. elasticity (distensibility)

2. amount of blood forced into them

23
Q

Characteristic of arterial blood pressure

A

BP is pulsatile

24
Q

Define distensibilty

A

the capacity to swell as a result from the pressure inside

25
Q

What is atrial compliance?

A

the ability of arterial walls to expand and contract passively w/ changes in pressure

26
Q

Why is high atrial compliance good?

A

allows the flow to go throughout the body -> expansion and recoil of arteries after contraction

27
Q

What does the expansion and recoil of arteries generate?

A

a pulse

28
Q

What is the formula for pulse pressure?

A

PP = SBP - DBP

29
Q

What does the pulse pressure reflect?

A

stroke volume

30
Q

What is the formula for articular compliance?

A

C = dV / dP

31
Q

Does the pulmonary or systemic circuit have higher blood pressure?

A

systemic

32
Q

What is true about pulmonary circulation?

A

is it very compliant

*it is easier for things to travel through pulmonary arteries vs. systemic arteries bc pul. has bigger arteries, less pressure and less resistance to slow them down

33
Q

What is the formula for vascular resistance?

A

R= (viscosity)(vessel length) / radius^4

34
Q

What are the 2 ways to calculate cardiac output?

A

CO = SV x HR

CO = pressure gradient / R

35
Q

What is systemic vascular resistance (SVR)?

A

Sum of all resistance offered by the vessels of systemic circulation

36
Q

What is the formula for SVR?

A

SVR = (mean arterial pressure - mean right arterial pressure (4) ) / CO

37
Q

What does mean right arterial pressure =?

A

4 mmHg

38
Q

What is pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR)?

A

Sum of all resistance offered by the vessels of pulmonary circulation

39
Q

What is the formula for PVR?

A

PVR = (MAP - LMAP(5)) / CO

40
Q

What does mean left arterial pressure =?

A

5 mmHg

41
Q

What is the formula for mean arterial pressure?

A

MAP = DBP + 1/3 (SBP - DBP)

Physiology 202 (43 decks)

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