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AP Psychology > Unit 3 Pt 3: Sensation And Persception > Flashcards

Unit 3 Pt 3: Sensation And Persception Flashcards

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1
Q

Black masking controversy 1980

A

Secretly inserting messages when played backwards

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2
Q

Stairway to heaven activity illustrates the influence of

A

Expectancy or set

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3
Q

Perceptual set is in the

A

Top down process

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4
Q

Perceptual set

A

Mental predisposition to perceive one thing and not another based on expectations and prior experiences

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5
Q

Perceptual set based on

A

expectations and prior experiences

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6
Q

Mental set

A

Tendency of our problem solving abilities to be influenced by our expectations and prior experiences

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7
Q

Mental set

Simple words

A

We look to solve problems with ways that worked in the past

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8
Q

Selective attention

A

Focus of conscious awareness on a particular stimulus

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9
Q

What does selective attention do?

A

Filters out information that you’re not paying attention to

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10
Q

Attentional blindness

A

You don’t see something because you’re not paying attention to it

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11
Q

Selective attention illustrates attention like

A

Cocktail party effect

Only listen to what you want to listen in the party

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12
Q

Visual capture

A

Tendency for vision to dominate the other senses

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13
Q

Visual capture example

A

Old school film project

Mcgurk affect- lip sync assumption

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14
Q

Visual capture shows

A

Sensory interaction

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15
Q

Gestalt

A

An organized whole

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16
Q

What do gestalt psychologists do?

A

Emphasize humans’ tendencies to integrate pieces of information into MEANINGFUL WORDS

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17
Q

Gestalt simple explanation

A

Things are not seen as sum of parts but immediately as whole

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18
Q

Gestalt principle

A

Mind always wants to make stimuli meaningful

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19
Q

Gestalt principle example

A

Reading of jumbled letters

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20
Q

Grouping

A

Perceptual tendency to organize stimuli into coherent groups

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21
Q

Gestalt grouping principle

A

Proximity, similarity, continuity, closure,connectedness

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22
Q

Proximity

A

Tendency to group nearby figures together

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23
Q

Similarity

A

Tendency to group figures that are similar

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24
Q

Continuity

A

Tendency to perceive continuous patterns

25
Q

Closure

A

Tendency to fill in the gaps in visual information

26
Q

Connectedness

A

Spots, lines, and areas are seen as unit when connected

27
Q

Figure groud relationships

A

Tendency to organize information into objects (figure) that stand from their background (ground)

28
Q

Figure:
Ground:

A

Figure: subject/object
Ground: surroundings

29
Q

Illusionary contours

A

We constantly see information so it makes sense to us

30
Q

Depth perception

A

Ability to see objects in three dimensions

31
Q

Depth perception allows us to

A

Gauge distance

32
Q

Types of depth perception: binocular cues

A

Depth perception that rely on the use of two eyes

33
Q

Example of binocular cues

A

Retinal disparity and

Convergence

34
Q

Retinal disparity

A

Image of an object from the two eyes differ.

The closer the object, the larger the difference (disparity)

35
Q

Convergence

A

The eyes converge inward when looking at an object that brain keeps track of to measure distance

36
Q

Monocular cues

A

Distance cues that are available. Often in art

37
Q

Examples of monocular cues: relative size

A

Smaller image is more distant

38
Q

Examples of monocular cues: Interposition

A

Closer objects blocks distant object

39
Q

Examples of monocular cues: relative clarity

A

Hazy objects seen as more distant

40
Q

Examples of monocular cues: texture

A

Coarse=close

Fine=distant

41
Q

Examples of monocular cues: relative height

A

Higher objects seen as more distant

42
Q

Examples of monocular cues: relative motion

A

Closer objects seem to move faster

43
Q

Examples of monocular cues: linear perspective

A

Parallel lines converge with distance

Ex: train tracks

44
Q

Examples of monocular cues: light and shadow

A

Nearby objects reflect more to our eyes

45
Q

Perceptual constancy

A

Perceiving objects as unchanging, despite changes in retinal image

46
Q

Perceptual constancy example

A

Door remains constant despite changes when it is opened

47
Q

Perceptual constancy factors

A

Color, shape, size

48
Q

Using monocular cues for distance can often cause

A

Us to perceive incorrect information

49
Q

Muller-Lyer illusion is

A

Culturally specific to western architecture

50
Q

Turnbull, an anthropologist argued

A

There were cultural influences on depth perception

51
Q

Sensory deprivation and perception kittens example

A

kittens raised without exposure to horizontal lines later had difficulty perceiving horizontal bars

52
Q

Sensory deprivation and perception is that

A

Without experience you cannot perceive

53
Q

Perceptual adaptation

A

(Vision) ability to adjust to an artificially displaced visual field

54
Q

Perceptual adaptation example

A

Prism glasses, what I used after school

55
Q

Extrasensory perception

A

Perception can occur apart from sensory input

56
Q

Extrasensory perception example

A

Telepathy- mind communication
Clairvoyance- see in distance without image(Superman)
Precognition- tell future or read thoughts

57
Q

Parapsychology

A

Study of paranormal phenomenon, including ESP and psychokinesis

58
Q

Major problem in believing extrasensory perception

A

Never been produced in a scientific laboratory

AP Psychology (33 decks)

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