Therapy And Treatmement Pt 1 Flashcards
2 major types of therapy
Psychological therapies- talk
Biomedical therapies- psychiatrists
Psychological therapies
Employ interaction (usually verbal) between trained professional and a client with a problem
Biomedical therapies
Directed at a patient’s nervous system
Biomedical psychiatrists classification
Medication (psychopharmacology)
Psycho surgery (last resort)
Shock (electroconversive therapy)- treats severe depression
Psychotherapy differed depending on the
Perspective of the therapist
Psychotherapy
Emotionally charged, confiding interactions between a trained therapist and someone who suffers from psychological disorders
Psychotherapy based on
Psychoanalytic
Humanistic
Behavioral
Cognitive
Eclectic (mixture) approach=
Diverse approach
Eclectic approach
Uses a variety of different techniques from various theories of therapy depending on the problem of the individual
More than half of the therapists take _____ approach
Eclectic approach
Insight therapists don’t follow ______ perspective
Behavioral
All insight therapies agree that their goal is to
Help clients develop insight about the cause of their problems and that insight will lead to behavioral change; problems decrease as self awareness increases
Insight therapies include
Psychoanalytic
Humanistic (client centered)
Cognitive
Insight therapies are most often used to treat
Depression, eating disorders, and marital problems
Unmasking your “repressed anxiety”-While doing FREE ASSOCIATION, there will be blocks in your flow. Analysts interpret these blocks as
Resistance
Resistance
The blocking from consciousness of anxiety-laden material
Based on your resistance, the analysts will try to provide accurate INTERPRETATIONS
Noting supposed meaning behind blocks in slow to provide patient with INSIGHT (reason behind your problems)
To unmask your “repressed anxiety” psychoanalysts also interpret dreams’
Latent content (underlying meaning)
Third way of psychoanalysts unmasking “repressed anxiety”- interpreting TRANSFERENCE
After revealing extremely personal things about themselves to therapists, patients often start to feel positive or negative feelings towards their analysts
Freud argued that the feeling you feel towards a therapist represented TRANSFERENCE
Patient’s transfer to the analyst of emotions linked with other relationships (such as love/hatred for a parent)
4th way of psychoanalysts unmasking your “repressed anxiety”- projective tests
Rorschach inkblot
TAT
Finish the sentence
Draw a picture test
Criticism of psychoanalytic therapy: built on assumption that ______ memories exist
Repressed
Criticism of psychoanalytic therapy: _______ cant be proven right or wrong
Interpretations
Criticism of psychoanalytic therapy
Is very time consuming and costly.. usually takes several years to achieve insight
Humanistic perspective of therapy hopes to boost self-fulfillment by helping people grow in
Self awareness and self acceptance
Main focuses of humanistic therapy
Present and future
Conscious rather than unconscious thoughts
Individual responsibility (free will) for feelings
Promote growth instead of cures
Carl Rogers therapy
Client/person centered therapy
Most widely used humanistic technique
Client (person) centered therapy
Client (person) centered therapy
Technique which involves active listening within a genuine, accepting, empathetic environment to facilitate clients’ growth
Technique in which therapist is NON-DIRECTIVE towards client and emphasizes with them by echoing, restating, and clarifying their feelings
Active listening
Active listening buzz words
Echoing, Restating, clarifying
Client centered therapy promotes
Self awareness
When given _______ ______ ______ clients start to accept themselves including their faults and feel more valued and whole
Unconditional positive regard
Unlike psychoanalytic and humanistic therapies, behavior therapies are NOT interested in
The underlying cause of the problem or in achieving self-awareness
Behavior therapies
Assume the problems are the behaviors themselves and look to use well-established LEARNING PRINCIPLES to eliminate the unwanted behavior
Learning principles of behavioral therapy
Operant conditioning
Classical conditioning
Observational learning
Behavior therapy is usually used to treat
Anxiety disorders, drug addictions, bedwetting, sexual dysfunctions, and autism
Classical conditioning techniques argue that learned responses like phobias can be unlearned through
Counterconditioning
Behavior therapy that conditions new responses to stimuli that trigger your unwanted behaviors
Counterconditioning
Counterconditioning example
Pair fear of heights with relaxing stimuli
Two types of counterconditioning- help treat phobias
Systematic desensitization and aversive conditioning
Systematic desensitization
Exposure technique used to commonly treat phobias
Associates a pleasant relaxed state with GRADUALLY INCREASING anxiety-triggering stimuli until anxiety towards stimuli is eliminated
Systematic desensitization goal
Extinguish previously learned response
Systematic desensitization- key to enacting procedure is move
Gradually
Systematic desensitization AKA
Graduated exposure theory
Before beginning the process of systematic desensitization, therapies have patients create an
Anxiety hierarchy
Anxiety hierarchy
List of fears related to phobia from least to most terrifying
Anxiety hierarchy example
School phobia
1) thinking about school(least terrifying)
2) riding the bus
3) walking the halls
4) sitting in class (most terrifying)
Most aggressive exposure therapy
Flooding
Fear of heights
Conditioned response
After therapy of systematic desensitization
Relaxation(UCS)+Phobia(NS/CS)—->Relaxation
Flooding- opposite to gradual exposure therapy
Involves immediately exposing client to a stimulus that causes undesirable response to show that stimulus isn’t dangerous
Systematic desensitization steps
1) create anxiety hierarchy
2) create UCS of relaxation
3) Slowly expose them to fear
Flooding can lead to
Extinction of fear
opposite of systematic desensitization
Aversive conditioning
Aversive conditioning looks to reverse a negative behavior by
Associating an unpleasant state with an unwanted behavior
Classical conditioning
How could you create an aversion to alcohol?
Mix it with something terrible
Behavior followed by consequence
Operant conditioning
Token economy (operant condoning)
Procedure that rewards behavior. Patient exchanges a token of some sort, earned for good behaviors, for various privileges 0r treats
Token economy is used for
Young children, severe autism, intellectual disabilities
The “token” of token economy is ______ reinforcement
Secondary
Modeling by
Bandura
Theories of Modeling were extended to therapy when it was shown that clients learn through
observation of appropriate behavior (and rewards) will be encouraging to imitate the behavior
