Social Psychology Pt.1: Psychology Of Evil

Question 1

Ethnocentrism

Answer 1

Belief that your culture, race, or social group is superior to others.

Question 2

Ethnocentrism often focuses on a belief that your point of view is

Answer 2

The only one that makes sense which leads to judging and possibilities discriminating against others according to your group’s perspective

Question 3

Ethnocentrism quote by Hitler

Answer 3

All the humans culture, all the results of art, science, and technology are almost exclusively the creative product of the Aryan

Question 4

Usual precursor to Genocide

Answer 4

Us vs them mentalities

Question 5

Ingroup

Answer 5

“Us”— people who share a common identity

Question 6

Outgroup

Answer 6

“Them”— those perceive as different or apart of one’s group

Question 7

In group bias

Answer 7

The tendency to favor one’s own group which can lead to mistreatment of an outgroup

Question 8

Ingroup and outgroup are usually created during

Answer 8

Times of competition

Question 9

Propaganda can help fuel

Answer 9

In-group bias

Question 10

Scapegoat theory

Answer 10

The theory that prejudice can serve as an OUTLET FOR ANGER by providing someone to BLAME

Question 11

Scapegoats are often created during

Answer 11

Times of economic and/or political turmoil in a country

Question 12

Scapegoats example

Answer 12

Nazis use the Jews as a major scapegoat to relieve frustration caused by loss of WWI, the humiliation of the Treaty of Versailles, and the horrible economic conditions in Germany

Question 13

Foot in the door phenomenon

Answer 13

Our tendency to comply with a a LARGER RECENCY AFTER agreeing to a SMALL ONE

Question 14

Larger request of foot in the door phenomenon example

Answer 14

Kill all Jews

Buy the product

Question 15

Small request of foot in the door phenomenon

Answer 15

Minor form of discrimination

See a product

Question 16

Foot in the door phenomenon example

Answer 16

In a mall, person asks to see a product. Then to buy the product

Question 17

Foot in the door phenomenon and escalating levels of Jewish Discrimination

Answer 17

German citizens and those at varying levels of the Nazi hierarchy were exposed to and compiled with gradually increasing levels of discrimination against the Jews

Question 18

Before Gas Chamber System, the Holocaust involved mobile killing units shooting victims which tended to be

Answer 18

Psychologically difficult for many Nazi Soldiers

Question 19

Holocaust by the bullet and its connection to

Answer 19

Individual responsibility

Question 20

Diffusion

Answer 20

Spread out

Question 21

Diffusion of responsibility: Diffusion of responsibility is a social phenomenon which tends to occur in groups of people above a certain critical size or in tasks that are managed in such a way that

Answer 21

Responsibility is not explicit assigned to one person.

Question 22

Gas Chamber system and Nazi hierarchy of “just following orders”

Answer 22

Diffusion of responsibility

Question 23

Diffusion of responsibility example

Answer 23

Bystander Apathy: less likely to help emergency victim when many people around

Question 24

Firing Squads:only one has bullet

Answer 24

Diffusion of responsibility

Question 25

Diffusion of responsibility and the Firing squad:

Answer 25

4 shooters only 1 bullet

Question 26

The attack and rape of Kitty Genoese illustrates the

Answer 26

Bystander Effect

Question 27

Solomon Asch’s study on

Answer 27

Conformity

Question 28

Conformity reason 1 in Holocaust

Answer 28

Information social influence- trust and think others are smart to have information

Question 29

Conformity reason 2 holocaust

Answer 29

Norman social influence- you don’t wanna stick out

Question 30

Conformity

Answer 30

To adjust your behavior to fit in with a group

Question 31

Solomon Asch’s study used

Answer 31

Line segments to illustrate power of conformity

Question 32

Ashe’s 3 factors that influence where their a person will yield to pressure

Answer 32

The size of the majority- 7-8 people The presence of a partner who dissented from the majority The size of the discrepancy between the correct answer and the majority position

Question 33

Stanley Milgram’s study is most famous for illustrating

Answer 33

The powerful situational influence of authority

Question 34

Stanley Miligram created the study in part because

Answer 34

Of his Jewish heritage

Question 35

Milgram’s study question

Answer 35

“If Hitler asked you, would you execute a stranger?”

Question 36

Obedience to authority example

Answer 36

The video we watched on a man who’s instructed to give shocks every time the man missed an answer

Question 37

Milgram’s OBEDIENCE

Answer 37

Compliance

Question 38

Milgram’s obedience study- 3 basic people in the study

Answer 38

Participant Student Experimenter

Question 39

Milgram’s obedience study- participant

Answer 39

Teacher who will read word pairs to the “student”. Only one not part of research team

Question 40

Milgram’s obedience study- student

Answer 40

Actor that will present to be shocked if answers correctly

Question 41

Milgram’s obedience study- experimenter

Answer 41

Authority figure in a lab coat that instructs the participant what to do

Question 42

Milgram’s experimental design

Answer 42

The range of electrical shocks had 30 variables ranging from mild shock (15 volts) to Danger Severe Shock and XXX (450 Volts)

Question 43

Milgram’s obedience study- major question

Answer 43

How many people would inflict the maximum voltage on the “learner?”

Question 44

Milgram’s obedience study- How many people would inflict the maximum voltage on the “learner?”

Answer 44

Prior to the experiment, psychologists believed fewer than 1-3% would inflict maximum damage

Question 45

Milgram’s study-How many people would inflict the maximum voltage on the “learner?” Actual results

Answer 45

65% of participants gave “learners” maximum shock despite feelings of discomfort, no participant stopped prior to 300 volt level.

Question 46

Milgram’s study- in studies compliance was as high as

Answer 46

90% and as low as 10% depending on the variables used

Question 47

Factors which influenced compliance in Milgram’s study- obedience highest when

Answer 47

Person giving orders is close at hand Authority figure is supported by prestigious institution Victim is depersonalize and in another room There are no role models for defiance

Question 48

Factors which influenced compliance in Milgram’s study- obedience highest when: There are no role models for defiance

Answer 48

Obedience/compliance is highest when you think it is for the higher purpose

Question 49

Deindividualization

Answer 49

The loss of self-awareness and self restraint (control) occurring in group situations that foster arousal and anonymity

Question 50

Deindividualization- self restraint

Answer 50

Do things that you normally wouldn’t do

Question 51

Deindividualization leads to

Answer 51

Riot mentality

Question 52

Deindividualization- women dressed in

Answer 52

Depersonalizing outfits or masks delivered higher levels of shocks than those who were identifiable

Question 53

Deindividualization used in

Answer 53

Military

Question 54

Dehumanization

Answer 54

The ability to view the victims of violence as somehow less than human

Question 55

Dehumanization- humans find it easier to inflict and rationalize violence against

Answer 55

Victims who seem less than human

Question 56

Dehumanization impacts the

Answer 56

Perpetrator- person who commits the violence

Question 57

Bandura’s Dehumanization experiments- group of college students were to help train

Answer 57

Other visiting college students using shocks when they erred

Question 58

Bandura’s Dehumanization experiments- participants hear 1 of 3 statements: neutral

Answer 58

The subjects from the other school are here

Question 59

Bandura’s Dehumanization experiments- participants hear 1 of 3 statements: humanized

Answer 59

The subjects from the other school are here and they seem nice

Question 60

Bandura’s Dehumanization experiments- participants hear 1 of 3 statements: dehumanized

Answer 60

The subjects from the other school are here and they seem like animals

Question 61

Bandura’s Dehumanization experiments- participants hear 1 of 3 statements: results

Answer 61

Escalated aggression toward dehumanization labels individuals

Question 62

Dehumanization’s use in was propaganda

Answer 62

Jew as 🐀

Question 63

Fundamental attribution error

Answer 63

Tendency for people to explain others behavior by overestimating the impact of internal disposition and underestimating the impact of situational influence

Question 64

Dispositional example

Answer 64

Explanation-a student who is sleeping who is sleeping in class is “lazy” and “doesn’t care”

Question 65

Situational example

Answer 65

Explanation- a student who is sleeping in class may have been up all night studying or visiting a relative in the hospital

Question 66

Situational influences

Answer 66

Environmental circumstance around you

Question 67

Disposition

Answer 67

Character/personality

Question 68

Fundamental ATTRIBUTION error

Answer 68

Explains someone else’s behavior

Question 69

Do we make the fundamental attribution error when explaining the actions of ourselves?

Answer 69

No- least likely to make errors of ourselves

Question 70

Zimbardo’s Stanford Prison experiment

Answer 70

Ordinary college students were randomly divided into groups of “prisoners” and “guards”. Prisoners were arrested in their homes by real policemen, strip searched and put into jail created in the basement of the Stanford Psychology Department

Question 71

Prisoners in the Stanford Prison experiment were referred to as a

Answer 71

Number

Question 72

Prisoners in the Stanford Prison experiment wore

Answer 72

Ill fitting smocks without underwear. A nylon panty-house over head to simulate shaved head Wore small chain around ankle to remind them of their imprisonment

Question 73

Guards in the Stanford Prison experiment wore

Answer 73

Military style uniform, carried wooden baton | Given reflective sunglasses to avoid eyecontact

Question 74

In the results of the Stanford Prison experiment, what affect both groups attitudes and behaviors

Answer 74

Role play

Question 75

In the results of the Stanford prison experiment, prisoners

Answer 75

Broke down and became more obedient

Question 76

In the results of the Stanford prison experiment, guards

Answer 76

Became more and more sadistic in enforcing the law, they became most sadistic when thought experimenters weren’t watching them

Question 77

The Stanford Prison experiment eventually led to

Answer 77

Be ended early for ethical reasons

Question 78

Euphemisms AKA

Answer 78

Double speak

Question 79

Double speak

Answer 79

Language deliberately constructed to disguise or distort its actual meaning

Question 80

Euphemisms/double speak examples

Answer 80

“Concentration Camps” “Final solution” “Resettlement”