Memory Pt 3: Repression, Memory Construction, And Eyewitness Testimony

Question 1

Motivated forgetting

Answer 1

Idea that people UNKNOWINGLY revise their history

Question 2

Motivated forgetting example

Answer 2

I broke up with her;she didn’t break up with me

Question 3

What purpose might motivated forgetting serve?

Answer 3

Protects ego and self esteem

Question 4

Motivated forgetting as a Freudian concept

Answer 4

Repression

Question 5

Repression: Idea put forth by psychoanalytic theorists like Freud which states anxiety arousing thoughts, feelings and memories can be banished from

Answer 5

consciousness into unconsciousness

Question 6

Repression example

Answer 6

Child abuse, rape, incest may be repressed and not be able to be actively recalled

Question 7

Freud believed that repression was a

Answer 7

Defense mechanism

Question 8

Freud argued individuals often “ forget” traumatic incidents to

Answer 8

Protect their self concepts and to minimize external anxiety

Question 9

Freud argued “forgotten” incidents are

Answer 9

Banished the “unconscious”

Question 10

Freud defense mechanism belief

Answer 10

The incidents may cause you to have unexplained phobias or problems, that wont be helped until you uncover the incident

Question 11

Controversy of repressed memories: although there have been documented cases of forgotten trauma, many psychologists argued that

Answer 11

Some repressed memories may have been constructed by therapists

Question 12

Controversy of repressed memories: False memory syndrome foundation

Answer 12

Argues it is possible for individual relationships to center around a false belief

Question 13

Controversy of repressed memories: some psychologists have argued against the very existence of repressed memories since most memories that take place during stressful events are

Answer 13

Remembered more vividly

Question 14

False memory syndrome foundation example

Answer 14

Woman identifying the wrong rapist

Question 15

Memory construction

Answer 15

Idea that memories are NOT objective, recordings of the actual events we experience

Question 16

Memory construction: our memories are often affected by

Answer 16

Our pre-existing schemas and involve information filtering and interpretations.

Question 17

Memory construction: we can have real memories of events that never took place or are filled with inaccuracy because

Answer 17

We fill in memory gaps with plausible guesses

Question 18

Elizabeth Loftus’s research on

Answer 18

Eyewitness testimony

Question 19

Eyewitness testimony

Answer 19

Loft us had individuals watch car accidents and then recorded results based on questioning procedures

Question 20

Questioning procedures

Answer 20

Framing effect

Question 21

Loftus’s research: subjects were asked to reveal

Answer 21

How fast they thought cars were going

Question 22

Loftus’s research questioning: “How fast were the cars going when they ____________ each other?”

Answer 22

She filled in the blanks with different words like BUMPED, collided, contacted, hit or SMASHED

Question 23

Loftus’s research: bumped vs smashed and being asked about broken glass

Answer 23

Speed was elevated to a great degree when smashed was used and subjects were likely to remember broken glass when there was none

Question 24

Misinformation effect

Answer 24

Incorporating misleading information into one’s memory of an event

Question 25

Misinformation effect with children

Answer 25

Children are most susceptible to the misinformation effect

Question 26

Source amnesia

Answer 26

Attributing to the wrong source an event that we experienced, heard about, read about, or imagined (misattribution)

Question 27

Source amnesia example

Answer 27

Reagan’s story about WW2 gunner was actually from a movie that he saw

Question 28

False memory syndrome

Answer 28

Condition in which a person’s identity and relationships center around a false but strongly believed memory of traumatic experience

Question 29

False memory syndrome is sometimes induced by

Answer 29

Well-meaning therapists

Question 30

Technical term for photographic memory

Answer 30

Eidetic imagery

Question 31

Eidetic imagery

Answer 31

An especially clear and persistent form of memory that is quite rare

Question 32

Eidetic imagery examples

Answer 32

Being able to re-read a book in your mind after having read it once

Mental images appear “outside” and can last up to several minutes