Intelligence Pt. 2: Assessment, Reliability, And Validity

Question 1

To be accepted all psychological tests must be

Answer 1

Standardized
Reliable
Valid

Question 2

Standardization

Answer 2

2 part test development that first establishes TEST NORMS by testing a representative sample of individuals who initially took the test, then assures the test is administered and scored correctly for all administrators

Question 3

For standardization, your scores are compared with the

Answer 3

Pretested group scores (norms) who took the test

Question 4

Standardized tests usually follow a __________ distribution

Answer 4

Normal

Question 5

Standardized tests usually follow a ________ or _______ _______ ________ where most scores occur in the _____

Answer 5

Follow a normal or bell curve distribution

Scores occur in the middle

Question 6

Both variance and standard deviation are measures which tell us how

Answer 6

Scores differ from one another or how spread out the distribution is

Question 7

Variance is reported in

Answer 7

Squared units

Question 8

To get the standard deviation which will be regular units you just

Answer 8

Take the square root of the variance

Question 9

Standard deviation=

Answer 9

Square root of the variance

Question 10

Reliability deals with

Answer 10

Consistency

Question 11

Reliability’s question to ask

Answer 11

Do I always get SIMILAR results each time the test is administered?

Question 12

Reliability example: would basing intelligence on a man’s pubic hair color be a reliable measure?

Answer 12

Yes b/c it is consistent, you will get the same results every time you measure his hair

Question 13

Reliability word

Answer 13

Consistency

Question 14

Ways to check reliability: test/retest

Answer 14

Same test is administered to the same group on 2 different occasions and compared

Question 15

Ways to check reliability: split half

Answer 15

Score on one half of test questions is correlated with the score on the other half to see if they are consistent

Question 16

Split half is

Answer 16

Internal reliability

Question 17

Ways to check reliability: alternate form (equivalent form)

Answer 17

2 different versions of a test on the same material are given to the same test takers, and the scores are correlated to see if results are consistent

Question 18

Validity

Answer 18

Deals with accuracy or predictability

Question 19

Validity question to ask

Answer 19

Does the test measure what is supposed to be measured?

Question 20

Validity example: Would using a scale that assessed athletic ability by measuring fingernail length be a valid measure?

Answer 20

No

Also not reliable

Question 21

Content/face validity

Answer 21

Measure of the extent to which the content of the test measures all of the knowledge or skills that are supposed to be included within the domain being tested

Question 22

Content/ face validity example

Answer 22

If 45% of the chapter 11 AP Psych Exam asks you to solve calculus problems it lacks content or face validity

Question 23

Predictive validity

Answer 23

The success with which a test predicts the behavior it is supposed to predict

Question 24

Predictive validity example

Answer 24

Does high GPA correlate with high college grades? Yes

Question 25

Construct validity

Answer 25

Whether or not a scale measures the theorized concept (or construct) it is supposed to

Question 26

CONSTRUCT validity word

Answer 26

Abstract: cant touch

Question 27

Constructive validity is like the _______ validity

Answer 27

Philosophical

Question 28

If an IQ test has construct validity,

Answer 28

It would mean the questions on it truly dal with all the components that make a person intelligent (intelligence would be the construct)

Question 29

Criterion

Answer 29

The behavior that a test is supposed to predict

Question 30

Criterion is used to see if

Answer 30

Test is successful

Question 31

What would the criterion be for the ACTs?

Answer 31

How well you’ll do in college

Question 32

What would the criterion be for the NFL combine drills?

Answer 32

How well you’ll do in the NFL game

Question 33

The Flynn Effect

Answer 33

Since the advent of intelligence tests, people’s IQ scores have been improving with time

Question 34

If standardized with today’s tests, scores 80 years ago would have an average IQ of 76.

Answer 34

The Flynn Effect

Question 35

Possible causes of the Flynn effect

Answer 35

Nurture- better schools, technology, expectations

Question 36

Mental retardation

Answer 36

Condition of limited mental ability, indicated by an intelligence score below 70 AND difficulty adapting to the demands of life

Question 37

Mental retardation aka

Answer 37

Intellectual disability

Question 38

Down syndrome: Condition of retardation and associated physical disorders caused by

Answer 38

an extra chromosome in one’s genetic makeup

Question 39

Many mentally rehearsed people with Down Syndrome can adapt to disorder and

Answer 39

Some have earned college degrees with accommodations... nearly all learn how to read

Question 40

Degrees of mental retardation scores

Answer 40

Mild- 50-70 Moderate- 35-49 Severe- 20-34

Question 41

Creativity

Answer 41

Ability to produce novel and valuable ideas

Question 42

Components of creativity (5)

Answer 42

``` Expertise Imaginative thinking skills Venturesome personality Intrinsic motivation Creative environment ```

Question 43

Is intelligence genetic or environmental?

Answer 43

Influenced by both, but most genetically similar have the most similar scores

Question 44

With age, genetic influences become more

Answer 44

Apparent

Question 45

Adopted children’s intelligence becomes more like

Answer 45

Their biological parents and identical twins similarities continue to increase as they age

Question 46

Still hard to tell what percentage of intelligence comes from genres to account for differences between people

Answer 46

Heritability

Question 47

Stereotype threat

Answer 47

Refers to the experience of anxiety in a situation where a person has the potential to confirm a negative stereotype about their group

Question 48

Because of the stereotype that women can’t do math as well as men, men outperformed EQUALLY CAPABLE women on a difficult math test

Answer 48

Stereotype threat

Question 49

Stereotype threat: The gap between scores disappear when women are

Answer 49

Led to expect ant women usually do as well as men

Question 50

Group differences in intelligence scores are probably mostly attributed to the

Answer 50

Environment

Question 51

Percentiles

Answer 51

Percentage of individuals you score same/better on the test

Question 52

WAIS is

Answer 52

Standard deviation

Question 53

To determine what % of individuals score between IQ,

Answer 53

Subtract the corresponding percentiles

Question 54

The percentiles

Answer 54

0.1, 2, 16, 50, 84, 98, 99.9

Question 55

Percentiles make the curve ______ because

Answer 55

Normal because they are always the same