Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

AP Psychology > Personality Pt. 2: Trait Humanistic, And Soial Cognitive Perspectives > Flashcards

Personality Pt. 2: Trait Humanistic, And Soial Cognitive Perspectives Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
AP® Psychology flashcards Psychology 101 flashcards GRE® Psychology flashcards
1
Q

Father of trait perspective personality

A

Gardon Allport

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Trait perspective looks to describe

A

Personality in terms of fundamental traits: pattern of behavior or disposition to feel or act as assessed by self-reported inventories or peer reports

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What does trait do?

A

Describes your personality

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Method used for measuring personality for trait perspective

A

Personality inventory

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Personality inventory

A

A questionnaire that is usually true/false in which people respond to items designed to gauge a wide range of feelings and behaviors; used to assess selected personality traits

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Weakness of personality inventory

A

People lie- social desirability bias

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Example of personality inventory (trait perspective)

A

Minnesota Multiphasic Personality inventory

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Most widely used personality test

A

Minnesota Multiphasic Personality inventory

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Minnesota Multiphasic Personality inventory purpose

A

Identify EMOTIONAL DISORDERS but is also now used for screening purposes of employment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Test is an example of being empirically derived test:

A

Having pool of test questions that discriminate between groups

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

empirically derived test examples

A

Certain questions depressed vs normal people were likely to answer differently

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Ensenck’s 2 dimensions of personality (trait perspective)

A

Though factor analysis, Hans Ensencks identified dimensions of personality as: introverted and extroverted

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

2 dimensions of personality (trait perspective): introverted and extroverted

A

Introverted: keep to yourself. Not necessary shy

Extroverted: outgoing and stable/unstable
Unstable: moody

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

The big five personality traits are measured in a inventory called the

A

NEO PI-R (Trait perspective)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

NEO PI-R

A

If I see a whole bunch of letters and numbers, guess trait

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Big 5 personality traits:

A

Openness, conscientiousness, extraversion, agreeableness, neuroticism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Big 5 personality traits: way to remember

A

OCEAN

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Big 5 personality traits: Openness (to experience)

A

Measures factors of intellectual curiosity within people

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Big 5 personality traits: conscientiousness

A

Measures self discipline, carefulness, need for achievement, and degree by which people think before acting

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Big 5 personality traits: extraversion

A

Measures social interaction and how assertive people are

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Big 5 personality traits: agreeableness

A

Measures how empathetic, considerate, friendly, and helpful people ar e

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Big 5 personality traits: neuroticism

A

Measures people’s tendencies to experience negative emotional states like stress and anxiety

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Raymond Cattell further expands trait perspective with his

A

16-PF test

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

16-PF

A

Personality test which measures 16 primary factors that describe people’s traits

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

16 primary factors include

A

Tension, warmth, reasoning, emotional stability, dominance, liveliness, rule consciousness, social boldness, sensitivity, vigilance, abstractness, privateness, apprehension, open to change, self reliance, perfectionism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Who further expanded Trait perspective?

A

Raymond Cattell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Major weakness of the trait perspective

A

Behaviors associated with our traits change depending on the situation.
Are traits stable and enduring throughout our entire life?

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Two founders of the humanistic perspective

A

Abraham Maslow and Carl Rogers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

Philosopher of the humanistic perspective

A

Maslow

30
Q

Therapist of the humanistic perspective

A

Carl Rogers

31
Q

Power of free will and how people view themselves as a whole in pursuit of growth

A

Humanistic perspective

32
Q

Humanistic perspective focuses on

A

The growth potential of healthy people

33
Q

Maslow differed from Freud since he believed

A

We are all born good and we naturally move towards self-actualization unless society gets in the way

34
Q

Self actualization

A

Ultimate goal in hierarchy of needs; meet one’s potential

35
Q

Carl Rogers’ Person centered approached believed

A

All humans had potential for growth with the right environment

36
Q

Carl Rogers’: All humans had potential for growth; just need climate that has

A

Genuineness. Acceptance, empathy

37
Q

Unconditional positive regard

A

Attitude of total acceptance towards another person

38
Q

“I’ll love you as long as your bring me food”

A

Conditional positive regard

39
Q

Carl Rogers believed the key to self-actualization- term called

A

Fully functioning

40
Q

Carl Rogers believed the key to self actualization, a term called fully functioning, was to

A

Learn to accept ourselves and unite our ideas of the REAL SELF and IDEAL SELF

41
Q

When we lack unconditional positive regard it leads to

A

Incongruence

42
Q

Incongruence

A

Perceived difference between real and ideal self

43
Q

Self concept

A

All thoughts and feelings about ourselves: who am I?

44
Q

Related terms to understanding self concept

A

Self esteem and self-serving bias

45
Q

Self esteem

A

Feelings of self-worth

46
Q

Self-serving bias

A

A readiness to perceive oneself favorably

47
Q

Humanistic version of defense mechanism

Perceive ourselves favorably

A

Self serving bias

48
Q

Individualism

A

Giving priority to one’s own goals over group goals and defining one’s identity in terms of personal attributes rather than group identifications

49
Q

Collectivism

A

Giving priority to the goals of one’s group (often one’s extended family or work group) and defining one’s identity accordingly

50
Q

Eastern vs Western with collectivism and individualism

A

East is collective, West is individualistic

51
Q

Criticism of humanist perspective

A

Maslow’s concepts are vague and might just be his own values
Too much focus on individual
Ignores human capacity for evil

52
Q

Father of social cognitive perspective

A

Albert Bandura

53
Q

Social cognitive perspective

A

Emphasizes the importance of external events (society) and how we interpret them (cognition)

54
Q

Reciprocal determinism

A

Idea that environment influences personality AND personality influences the environment

55
Q

Reciprocal determinism: same environment can have completely different effects on different people because

A

Of how they interpret and react to external events

56
Q

Self efficiency

A

Belief that we can perform behaviors that are necessary to accomplish tasks and that we are competent.

57
Q

When we have high self efficacy we think

A

We can master situations and produce positive results and are more likely to take disks and try new things

58
Q

Self efficacy is basically

A

A thought I have about myself… changes depending on what I’m doing

59
Q

Self efficacy example

A

Can be high in one area but low in another

Ex: wisdom vs maths

60
Q

Theory of personal control and locus of control by

A

Julius Rotter

61
Q

Internal locus of control

A

Idea that one controls their own destiny

62
Q

Internal locus of control example

A

Hard work gets rewarded

63
Q

External locus of control

A

Idea that one’s fate is outside of their personal control and determined by luck

64
Q

External locus of control example

A

People get promotions because they know right people

65
Q

Which locus of control is more likely to lead to anxiety?

A

External locus of control

66
Q

Both the locus’ of control are thoughts

A

I have about myself, not reality

67
Q

External locus of control can lead to

A

Learned helplessness

68
Q

Learned helplessness

A

Hopelessness and passive resignation an animal or human learns when unable to avoid repeated aversive events

69
Q

Learned helplessness example

A

Dog being uncontrollably shocked for period; will not later escape when time arrives

70
Q

Dog being uncontrollably shocked for period; will not later escape when time arrives is what type of control

A

Internal locus of control

71
Q

Most widely accepted approach by current psychologists since it takes aspects from learning and cognition

A

Social cognitive perspective

72
Q

Social cognitive perspective is criticized by some b/c

A

It fails to consider possible unconscious motives and focuses too much on environment. Not enough on inner traits

AP Psychology (33 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions