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AP Psychology > Unit 2 Pt3: Nature And Nurture > Flashcards

Unit 2 Pt3: Nature And Nurture Flashcards

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1
Q

Chromosomes

A

Threadlike structures made of DNA that contain genes

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2
Q

Total chromosomes

A

46: 23 from mom, 23 from dad

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3
Q

DNA

A

Deoxyribonucleic acid

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4
Q

What is DNA

A

Complex molecules containing the genetic information that makes up the chromosomes

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5
Q

DNA structure

A

Has 2 strands-forming a “double helix” held together by bonds between pairs of nucleotides

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6
Q

Nucleotides

A

Biochemical letters that make up genes

Some determine biological development

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7
Q

Nucleotides letters

A

A C T and G

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8
Q

Genes

A

Make up the chromosomes

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9
Q

Genome

A

Complete instructions for making an organism

Consisting all generic material in its chromosomes

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10
Q

Genotype

A

Genetic pattern or blueprint that makes you distinct from anyone else

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11
Q

Genotype code

A

Specific code

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12
Q

Phenotype

A

Individual’s observable characteristics or traits.

Influenced by genes and environment

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13
Q

Phenotype example

A

Eye, color, hair color, weight, etc

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14
Q

Genotype creates

A

Phenotype

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15
Q

Natural selection

A

Those contributing to survival will most likely be passed on succeeding generations

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16
Q

Mutations

A

Random errors in gene application

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17
Q

Mutations lead to

A

A change in the sequence of nucleotides

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18
Q

Mutations source of

A

All genetic diversity

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19
Q

Darwin has a ONE TRACK MIND

A

Helps us survive

Pass our genes into the future

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20
Q

What evolutionary psychologists found in males and females about sex

A

Differences towards the attitude and behavior of sex

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21
Q

Male’s approach towards sex

A

Recreational approach

22
Q

Female’s approach towards sex

A

Relational approach

23
Q

Behavior genetics

A

Study of the power and limits of genetic and environmental influences on behavior

24
Q

Behavior genetics example

A

Psychologists who conduct twin studies to see nature vs nurture

25
Q

Molecular genetics

A

Subfield of biology that studies the molecular structure and functions of genes

26
Q

Molecular genetics example

A

Scientists that work on human genome project

27
Q

Identical twins

A

Develop from single zygote (fertilized egg)

Create 2 genetic replicas

28
Q

Fraternal twins

A

Develop from separate zygotes

29
Q

Fraternal twins relationship

A

No closer than brother and sister

Share the fetal environment

30
Q

Temperament

A

Emotional reactivity and intensity

31
Q

Temperament factors

A

Activity(energy level), sociability (interaction with others), distress(reactions), anger, fear

32
Q

Heritability

A

Percent of difference among individuals that we can attribute to genes

33
Q

Influence of nurture starts in

A

DA WOMB

34
Q

Prenatal environment

A

First stage of nurture

35
Q

Prenatal environment activity

A

When embryos and fetuses receive differing nutrition and varying levels of exposures to toxic agents

36
Q

Experience affects

A

Brain development

37
Q

Culture

A

Ideas, traditions, etc shared

38
Q

Norm

A

Understood rule for accepted and expected behavior

39
Q

Sociocultural perspective

A

Investigate how behavior and thoughts change according to the society/culture we are raised in

40
Q

Memes

A

Self-replicating ideas, fashions, and innovation passed from person to person

41
Q

X chromosomes

A

Sex chromosomes in men and women

Females-2, men-1

42
Q

X chromosome produces

A

A female

43
Q

Y chromosome

A

Only in men

44
Q

Y chromosome determines

A

Sex of the baby

45
Q

Testosterone

A 
Most important of the male sex hormones 
Both genders have it 
Stimulates in males 
Growth of the fetus 
Development during puberty
46
Q

Gender identity

A

When I used to feel like a boy

47
Q

Gender typing

A

Taking on traditional masculine and feminine roles

48
Q

Androgyne

A

Possesses both masculine and feminine characteristics

49
Q

Social learning theory

A

Behaviorist related theory

We learn social behavior by observing and imitating and by being rewarded or punished

50
Q

Gender schema theory

A

Cognitive theory- learning from cultures about what it is to be male or female to adjust with society

AP Psychology (33 decks)

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