Unit 12 Study Question

Question 1

which of the following is not a function of the hypothalamus
- monitoring temperature
- detecting blood nutrients
- pain
- producing erythropoietin

Answer 1

producing erythropoietin

Question 2

which of the following is a correct statement
- up regulation is when cells make more receptors of a hormone
- hormones bind to receptors based upon receptor number and affinity
- all cells respond to a hormone being released
- all of the above
- 1st and 2nd choice

Answer 2

1st and 2nd choice

Question 3

endocrine disorders originating from an issue with the target gland responsible for producing the hormone are called

Answer 3

primary disorders

Question 4

which is not a manifestation of hyperthyroidism
- constipation
- increased BMR
- weight loss
- heat intolerant

Answer 4

a. constipation

Question 5

which of the following is an acquired form of hypothyroidism
- graves disease
- thyroid tumors
- hashimotos thyroiditis
- congenital hypothyroidism

Answer 5

hashitmotos thyroiditis

Question 6

which is not an action of cortisol
- muscle breakdown
- blood glucose increased
- SNS response decreased
- suppression of immune/inflammatory response

Answer 6

c. SNS response decreased

Question 7

which of the following correctly describes Addisons disease?
- anorexia, weight loss, GI symptoms, hyperkalemia, orthostatic hypotension
- adrenal insufficiency
- excess adrenal function
- muscles weakness/wasting, osteoporosis, purple striae, hypertension, androgen response
- a &b
- all of the above

Answer 7

a and b

Question 8

T/F: diabetes is in the top 10 for leading causes of death

Answer 8

T

Question 9

T/F: A1C measures the amount of sugar in the blood from the last 7 days

Answer 9

F (A1C detects for 120 days)

Question 10

T/F: gestational diabetes is glucose intolerance detected during pregnancy

Answer 10

T

Question 11

T/F: an increased HR is not a manifestation of hypothyroidism

Answer 11

T

Question 12

T/F: the most common cause of iatrogenic Cushings is prolonged stress

Answer 12

F

Question 13

DKA patients may be hyperkalemic; tx should focus on treating K+ levels

Answer 13

F (focus on treating DKA)

Question 14

describe the actions of insulin

Answer 14

promotes glucose uptake by target ells and glucose storage
as glycogen; prevents fat and glycogen breakdown; inhibits gluconeogenesis; increases
protein synthesis

Question 15

differentiate between the two types of type 1 diabetes (1A and 1B)

Answer 15

Type 1A diabetes is much more common and is immune-mediated (beta cells are destroyed,
insulin deficient). Type 1B is the more rare form of type 1 DM where it is idiopathic
(unknown origin).

Question 16

describe what symptoms appear with metabolic syndrome and who would develop this

Answer 16

Metabolic syndrome occurs from insulin resistance (T2 diabetics) and includes central
obesity with increased waist circumference, dyslipidemia, HTN, atherosclerosis,
Aacanthosis Nigricans, elevated fasting glucose, and systemic chronic inflammation.

Question 17

differentiate between DKA and hypoglycemia

Answer 17

-DKA: slower onset, polyuria, polydipsia, NV, fatigue, abdominal tenderness, fruity
breath, hypotension, kussmaul breathing. Treat with insulin, IV fluid, electrolyte
replacement.
-Hypoglycemia: rapid onset, altered cerebral function, coma, seizures, first hunger then
tachycardia, anxiety, swerating, cool/clammy skin. Elderly may only display CNS signs.
Treat with carbs, glucagon treatment.

Question 18

what is the difference between the dawn phenomenon and Somogyi effect

Answer 18

Somogyi effect is a hypoglycemia from insulin which then causes a compensatory
hyperglycemia. The Dawn phenomenon is a hyperglycemia during the hours of 5am to
9am without any compensatory hypoglycemia.

Question 19

__________ __________ _________ or _____ is a syndrome experienced usually only by the type 2 diabetics and is characterized by dehydration, depression of CNS, absence of ketoacidosis and blood sugar over 600 mg/dL

Answer 19

hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state; HHS

Question 20

______ ______ is caused by lesions or physiologic changes in the nervous system and is characterized by hypersensitivity with in damaged areas or the surrounding tissue

Answer 20

neuropathic pain

Question 21

an A1C greater than 7% means that the patient

Answer 21

may need better managment

Question 22

Kussmaul breathing is associated with _____

Answer 22

DKA

Question 23

normal pH but the blood sugar is changed

Answer 23

HHS