Chapter 29 Quiz

Question 1

The function of the mucociliary blanket that lines the conducting airways is to:

Answer 1

remove foreign materials.

Question 2

Above the glottis that opens and closes for speech, the epiglottis functions to _______ the larynx during swallowing.

Answer 2

cover

Question 3

In addition to being the site of gas exchange, the lungs also:

Answer 3

contain cells that produce heparin

Question 4

The lungs ______ vasoactive substances and store surplus blood volume.

Answer 4

inactivate

Question 5

Bronchial circulation differs from the pulmonary circulation by providing blood for the:

Answer 5

conducting airways.

Question 6

Bronchial circulation in the lungs provides blood to the

Answer 6

airways

Question 7

Pulmonary circulation provides the blood for

Answer 7

gas exchange and lung tissue other than the airway tissue.

Question 8

Intrapulmonary pressure is the gas pressure in the _______, which is unrelated to blood circulation.

Answer 8

airways

Question 9

Intrapulmonary pressure is the gas pressure in the _______, which is unrelated to blood circulation.

Answer 9

airways

Question 10

Lung compliance is a measure of the change in ________that occurs with a change in intrapulmonary pressure.

Answer 10

lung volume

Question 11

Generalized acute hypoxia in lung tissue, when alveolar oxygen levels drop below 60 mm Hg, causes pulmonary:

Answer 11

Vasoconstriction

Question 12

Vasoconstriction of pulmonary vessels is a compensatory response to generalized lung tissue

Answer 12

hypoxia

Question 13

Emboli formation causes a localized

Answer 13

hypoxic response

Question 14

Pulmonary hypertension is the result of

Answer 14

chronic lung tissue hypoxia.

Question 15

Diffusion of gases in the lung is decreased, as in pulmonary edema or pneumonia, by causing an increase in alveolar:

Answer 15

capillary membrane thickness

Question 16

A decrease in gas pressure difference will _____ gas exchange

Answer 16

slow

Question 16

A decrease in gas pressure difference will _____ gas exchange

Answer 16

slow

Question 17

Increased alveoli size and surface area and shunting will _______ diffusion rate.

Answer 17

increase

Question 18

Respiratory movement of air that does not participate in alveolar gas exchange is known as alveolar dead space. Dead space increases when alveoli:

Answer 18

air supply exceeds blood flow

Question 19

The oxyhemoglobin buffer system changes with the metabolic needs of the tissues. When the change causes a shift to the right in the dissociation curve, it is often the result of:

Answer 19

increase tissue metabolism.

Question 20

When the oxyhemoglobin dissociation shifts to the right it is due to

Answer 20

increased tissue metabolism and a greater need of oxygen by the tissues

Question 21

The carbon dioxide content in the blood affects the regulation of ventilation through its effect on the ___________ of the brain.

Answer 21

cerebrospinal fluid pH

Question 22

A patient’s recent history of emphysema has resulted in the functional loss of many alveoli. Which of the following physiologic functions is the primary role of type II alveoli?

Answer 22

Production of surfactant

Question 23

Which of the following respiratory pressures is always negative in relation to alveolar pressure?

Answer 23

Intrapleural pressure

Question 24

A respiratory therapist has asked a patient to breathe in as deeply as possible during a pulmonary function test. Inspiration is normally the result of which of the following phenomena

Answer 24

Decreased intrathoracic pressure

Question 25

According to Poiseuille law, airway resistance would be largest in which of the following?

Answer 25

A bronchiole

Question 26

According to Poiseuille law, the resistance to flow is ______ related to the fourth power of the radius.

Answer 26

inversely

Question 27

A patient with a history of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is undergoing pulmonary function testing. Which of the following instructions should the technician provide in order to determine the patient’s forced vital capacity (FVC)?

Answer 27

“I’ll ask you to breathe in as deep as you can, and then blow out as much of that air as possible.”

Question 28

A patient with a history of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is undergoing pulmonary function testing. Which of the following instructions should the technician provide in order to determine the patient’s forced vital capacity (FVC)?

Answer 28

“I’ll ask you to breathe in as deep as you can, and then blow out as much of that air as possible.”

Question 29

A patient with a diagnosis of community-acquired pneumonia is producing copious secretions that are physically obstructing her airway. Which of the following pathophysiologic processes will result from this condition?

Answer 29

Perfusion without ventilation

Question 30

Conditions that obstruct the airway typically result in

Answer 30

perfusion without ventilation, or shunting.

Question 31

Ventilation without perfusion (dead air space) is a consequence of

Answer 31

impaired pulmonary circulation.

Question 32

Which of the following forms accounts for the greatest percentage of carbon dioxide transport?

Answer 32

Bicarbonate

Question 33

A patient has experienced a bout of coughing after aspirating some of his secretions. The patient’s coughing was triggered by which of the following?

Answer 33

Signals from receptors in the tracheobronchial wall