Chapter 2 & 3 Study Questions Flashcards
the cytoskeleton is made up of _______ and ________
microtubules and microfiliaments
________ and ________ contain digestive enzymes and break down worn out or excess cell components and bacteria
lysosomes and perioxisomes
__________ play a key role in free radical control
perioxisomes
in the absences of oxygen ______ respiration occurs which causes a build up of ______ _______
anaerobic; lactic acid
if your patient has been given an IV solution of water the RBC’s will
burst
_________ ________ allows the stressed tissue to survive/maintain function
cellular adaptiation
__________ is a mechanism of cellular adaptation that may occur from chronic inflammation
metaplasia
_______ ______ are molecules with an unpaired electron in the outer shell. we do not like these
free radicals
which type of muscle tissue is the only type able to undergo proliferation and mitotic activity
smooth muscle
describe one event that occurs when a messenger molecules attaches to receptor proteins on cell surface
turn on enzymes inside the cell (MULTIPLE ANSWERS)
explain the difference between endogenous and exogenous products and give an example of each
endogenous are from the bodies natural processes like metabolism, lipids carbs, melanin, bilirubin. Exogenous are environmental agents, coal, dust, lead.
explain two instances in which abnormal intracellular accumulation may occur
starvation and diabetes free fatty acids are delivered and the liver cannot process all of it quick enough. In alcoholism metabolism of lipids is also distrurbed.
an 87 year old patient presents with yellow- brown spots on their skin. their family fears it may be cancer, what is it?
spots are lipofuscin and this is normal wear and tear pigment, they are a endogenous product
name two things that may cause cell injury
physical agents (burns, blunt trauma), radiation, chemical (drugs, mercury, lead), biologic agents (human made proteins), nutritional imbalances
clostridium produces toxins and bubbles
gas gangrene
